語法中that的用法

1、“that ”在英文中是一個使用頻率很高的單詞。它有四種詞性，并且句法及語法功能紛繁 復(fù)雜。同學(xué)們?nèi)绻荒苁炀氄莆掌溆梅ǎ芸赡軙纬捎⒄Z學(xué)習(xí)的一種障礙，從而影響其 學(xué)習(xí)興趣和效率。現(xiàn)將 that 的用法總結(jié)歸納如下：第一、 that 用作形容詞（后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞時用 those ）。它用來指已被提到的人或物；也可表對比，指兩個中較遠的那個。What about that book you borrowed from me last month？請注意， that 有時候在句子中具有喜歡或輕蔑等感情色彩。that little son of his 他那個小寶貝兒子That George ！喬治那

2、家伙！（含有輕蔑語氣）第二、 that 用作代詞。1. that 用作指示代詞（復(fù)數(shù)形式是 those ），其指代意義同形容詞用法，同時它還可以用 作定語從句中的先行詞；還可為了避免重復(fù)，代替前述名詞。 That is what he told me.What is that （which） you have got in your hand?The price of rice is higher than that of flour.2. that用作關(guān)系代詞，引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句。先行詞可人可物，用法相當(dāng)于who或which （但是在下列情況下多用 that ：先行詞既有人又有物時； 先行詞

3、有形容詞最高級、 序數(shù)詞、 不定代詞、 very ， only 等修飾時；先行詞是不定代詞時）He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.I think it one of the most wonderful films that the film company has ever produced.She has little information that is useful for our research.Is there anything that I can do for you?help請注意，th

4、at在定語從句中作賓語時通?？墒÷浴he books (that) I sent you willyou in your studies.第三、that用作連詞，引導(dǎo)名詞性從句，狀語從句和強調(diào)句。1. that 名詞性從句。 引導(dǎo)賓語從句。及物動詞后的引導(dǎo)詞that可省略。I did n't expect (that) he couldwin the championship.The teacher pointed out that Tom was not working hard enough. 引導(dǎo)主語從句。通常采用 it 作形式主語的句型。That the earth goes

5、 around the sun is known to everyone.(It is known to everyone that the earth goes around the sun.) 引導(dǎo)表語從句。The trouble is that we are short of money. 引導(dǎo)同位語從句。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的 that 和引導(dǎo)定語從句的 that 是不同的。前者只起語法作用，在從句中不作任何成分；而后者在定語從句中作主語、賓語或表語。舉例說明：The news that he resigned from office surprised us.The idea that h

6、e holds is very common nowadays on campus.2. that 引導(dǎo)狀語從句 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句。Bring it nearer that I may see it better. 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。 What have I done that he should be so angry with me? 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。I am afraid that I will fail in the driving test. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。意為“雖然、盡管”。Difficult that/as the task was, they managed to acc

7、omplish it on time. 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。意為“假使、假設(shè)”。Supposing that you were in my position, what would you do?On condition that you were lost in the desert, you should ask for help as soon as possible.3. 引導(dǎo)強調(diào)句。husband.It is Mrs. White that makes the decision in her family, not her meeklittleIt is an ill wind tha

8、t blows nobody good.第四、 that 用作副詞。1. that 用作普通副詞。I was that/so angry I could have hit him.2. that 用作關(guān)系副詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句，可以代替 when，where， why 或 in which ，?？?省略。 I will never forget the evening (that) / when we went to the theatre.The house (that)/where I used to live has been knocked down.第五，與 that 有關(guān)的常見重要短語

9、。1. in that ，意為“既然、因為”。Criticism and self-criticism is necessary in that it helps us correct our mistakes.2. now that ，意為“既然、由于”。Nowthat they have taken matters into their hands, the pace of events has quickened.3. see (to it) that ，意為“注意、務(wù)必做到、保證”。 We will see to it that she gets home early.See to i

10、t that you are not late again.4. seeing that ，意為“鑒于、由于”。Seeing that it is 8 o'clock, we'll wait no longer.以上是 that 主要用Seeing that he was busy with his work, I didn't disturb him. 法的概述，希望能對大家有所幫助。當(dāng)然， that 還有其他的一些用法，需要我們在學(xué)習(xí)的 過程中不斷地積累和總結(jié)。that 既可作關(guān)系代詞，又可作指示代詞，用法很多，很多人都拿不準(zhǔn)?，F(xiàn)介紹that 的用法 :1. 在 t

11、here + be 的句型中，句子的主語是先行詞，而且又是物。例如：There are two novels that I want to read. 我要讀的有兩本小說。There is no work that can be done now. 沒有什么工作現(xiàn)在能做的了。2. 當(dāng)先行詞為主句的表語或者關(guān)系代詞為從句的表語時。例如：This is the book that wasbought yesterday. 這就是昨天買的書。 Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.我們的學(xué)校不再是以前的學(xué)校了。3. 以 Here

12、is (are) 開頭的句子時。例如：Here is a film that will move anyone.這是一部將使任何人受感動的電影。Here are two books that I will buy.這是我要買的兩本書。4.It is (high)time +定語從句中。例如：It is time that we should have a rest.我們應(yīng)該休息了。It is high time that they started out.他們該動身了。 5. 當(dāng)先行詞是 way 等詞時， 關(guān)系代詞用 that 或者 in which 在定語從句中作方式狀語時，在口語中，?？墒?/p>

13、略。例如：這就是我父親做此工作的方式10. 當(dāng)先行詞被 all, every, no , some, few , little, much, bothThis is the way that my father did this work.She admired the way in which I answered the questions. 她羨慕我回答問題的方式。6. 在雙重限定性定語從句中，如果一個從句用who或者which引導(dǎo)時，那么另一個從句用that 引導(dǎo)。例如：He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highes

14、t.他是我曾經(jīng)看到過跳得最高的學(xué)生。My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isn 't far from here. 我的弟弟在我們的城市最美麗的學(xué)校讀書，并且離這兒不遠。7. 當(dāng)先行詞被 the last , the very和 the only修飾時。例如：This is the very pen that I am looking for.這正是我找的鋼筆。The only book I want to read is missing.我唯一想看的書不見了。8.

15、在強調(diào)句子中，并且以 who ,which, what 開頭時。例如：Who was it that was lost ?究竟是誰迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who來代替that，避免重復(fù)。） What was it that you did last week?你上周究竟做什么了？9. 當(dāng)先行詞有序數(shù)詞時。例如：You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是我要見的第一個人。This is the second book that I have ever written.這是我寫的第二本書。等修飾時，例如：This is all that

16、I want to say at the meeting.這就是我在會上要說的Have you any books that are worth reading? 你有值的看的書嗎？11. 當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時。例如：The professor and his achievement that I heard about are admired by them . 我聽 說的那位教授和他的成就得到他們的贊美。Let's talk about the persons and thethings that we can remember. 讓我們談?wù)撃軌蛳肫鸬娜撕褪隆?2. 當(dāng)先行詞為

17、anything 、 everything 、 nothing 時，關(guān)系代詞用 that, 不用 which ；但用 something 時，用 which 或者 that 均可。例如： Everything we have seen in China is moving. 我們在中國看見的東西件件感人。I have nothing that is worth reading. 我沒有什么值得一讀的東西。13.當(dāng)先行詞是疑問代詞 who時。例如：Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess?你曾見過誰能在棋藝上打敗他？在 there + b

18、e 的句型中，句子的主語是先行詞，而且又是物。例如：There are two novels that I want to read.我要讀的有兩本小說。There is no work that can be done now.沒有什么工作現(xiàn)在能做的了。2. 當(dāng)先行詞為主句的表語或者關(guān)系代詞為從句的表語時。例如：這就是昨天買的書This is the book that was bought yesterday.Our school is no longer the school that it used to be.我們的學(xué)校不再是以前的學(xué)校了。3. 以 Here is (are) 開頭的

19、句子時。例如：Here is a film that will move anyone. 這是一部將使任何人受感動的電影。Here are two books that I will buy. 這是我要買的兩本書。4.It is (high)time + 定語從句中。例如：It is time that we should have a rest. 我們應(yīng)該休息了。 It is high time that they started out. 他們該動身了。5. 當(dāng)先行詞是 way 等詞時，關(guān)系代詞用 that 或者 in which 在定語從句中作方式狀語時， 在口語中，?？墒÷浴＠纾篢h

20、is is the way that my father did this work. 這就是我父親做此工作的方式。She admired the way in which I answered the questions. 她羨慕我回答問題的方式。6. 在雙重限定性定語從句中，如果一個從句用who或者which引導(dǎo)時，那么另一個從句用that 引導(dǎo)。例如： He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest. 他是我曾經(jīng)看到過跳得最高的學(xué)生。My brother studies in the school which is

21、the most beautiful in our city that isn 't far from here. 我的弟弟在我們的城市最美麗的學(xué)校讀書，并且離這兒不遠。7. 當(dāng)先行詞被 the last , the very 和 the only 修飾時。例如： This is the very penthat I am looking for.這正是我找的鋼筆我唯一想看的書不見了The only book I want to read is missing.8. 在強調(diào)句子中，并且以 who ,which, what 開頭時。例如： Who was it that was lost