885191363關(guān)于硬質(zhì)合金刀具刀刃磨損的研究中英文翻譯資料

1、關(guān)于硬質(zhì)合金刀具刀刃磨損的研究摘要 硬質(zhì)合金刀具的性能直接影響到工件的切削質(zhì)量。在這篇文章里，研究了刀具磨損的形成機(jī)制，分析相關(guān)理論，提出了刀具磨損尺寸的定義，并且指出了刀具磨損的主要因素。除硬質(zhì)合金刀具的形成過程和變動位置以外發(fā)現(xiàn), 并且一定數(shù)量的措施減少和控制硬質(zhì)合金刀具被推進(jìn)了。關(guān)鍵詞 刀刃磨損；硬質(zhì)合金刀具； 切口毛刺； 角落半徑； 工具切斷邊緣角1.介紹硬質(zhì)合金刀具的刀刃的磨損在加工中經(jīng)常發(fā)現(xiàn)。它們直接地影響以機(jī)器制造的工件和切削質(zhì)量和刀具的壽命。尤其,在精密機(jī)加工中,柔性制造系統(tǒng)(fms)和硬質(zhì)合金刀具的其他自動化制造系統(tǒng)中，擦損和刀刃磨損軌跡更重要。金屬制的痕跡已經(jīng)解釋了擦損和硬

2、質(zhì)合金刀具的刀刃磨損在工件的機(jī)加工在高應(yīng)變硬化中哪一個更嚴(yán)重和甚至沒有剩余的情況。它嚴(yán)重地影響機(jī)器制造的工件質(zhì)量和切斷的性能和刀具的壽命。但是，迄今為止，在硬質(zhì)合金刀具的刀刃磨損機(jī)構(gòu)和專門技術(shù)措施上，都使硬質(zhì)合金刀具的界線凹槽變得越來越小。因此,以磨擦熔接接合的機(jī)制實(shí)驗為基礎(chǔ),這一個研究把重心集中在刀刃磨損的形成程序和干管尺,而且已經(jīng)發(fā)展數(shù)個的措施抵抗或者減小界線凹槽,這提供一個理論上的和經(jīng)驗性的堿確保刀具的切斷性能和切削質(zhì)量。2 刀刃磨損形成原因和主要尺寸硬質(zhì)合金刀具的磨損是一個擦損面積,是相對地大的,由于主要的刃口和工作件的表面之間的磨擦，如圖1所示。圖1(a)顯示了傳統(tǒng)側(cè)面的磨損類型,a

3、r傾斜面 ar 和側(cè)面aa面在如圖1(b)中也顯示。顯示車刀的凹槽的主要尺寸,和的刀刃磨損，在車床中vn代表刀刃磨損的高度。c代表它的寬度，這樣看起來，vn和c的尺寸越大，那么它破壞刀具工具的性能和影響機(jī)制質(zhì)量的機(jī)會越大。根據(jù)實(shí)驗, 刀刃磨損的形成方法被分成三步: 第一，數(shù)個的微觀裂解在主要的刃口被提出展現(xiàn)。 第二, 網(wǎng)眼破面在界線面積和他們被發(fā)現(xiàn)將會擴(kuò)展。 最后，塊材料將會被使裸露，而且凹槽被形成。 在后成的切削過程中，刀刃磨損的尺寸會變得越來越大。圖1 側(cè)刀面的磨損類型圖2 硬質(zhì)合金刀具和刀刃磨損的形成原因影響刀刃磨損的主要因素是刀具的材料的機(jī)械性能，刀具材料和幾何參數(shù)。 下列的實(shí)驗操作是

4、為了解釋邊界尺寸的形成機(jī)理和刀具磨損的擴(kuò)展尺寸。3 實(shí)驗條件和測試措施車床 c6130 和可逆刀具在實(shí)驗被使用。 五種刀具材料被使用。刀具材料的主要機(jī)械參數(shù)如表1。機(jī)制塊是單一狀柱的磨擦焊接線。 被焊接的線的寬度是 15個毫米，而且切削裕度是 5.5毫米。此外，上述的柱形物是用270simn和 45#鋼一起焊接。被焊接的線的相對機(jī)械性能在表2被顯示。在類似物機(jī)制方法中國和其他的國家中以制造業(yè)的經(jīng)驗和有關(guān)情報上,被選擇的機(jī)制和工具幾何參數(shù)在表 3被顯示。硬質(zhì)合金刀具的邊界凹槽尺寸(界線凹槽高度vn 和寬度c由工具得到。為了要確保結(jié)果的可靠度, 反復(fù)的實(shí)驗被實(shí)行。 再利用的性能很好。4 實(shí)驗結(jié)果分

5、析4.1 刀具材料對于不同的刀具材料,如圖3所示,機(jī)制性能和刀刃磨損的抵抗能力是顯然地不同的。從圖3,我們能找刀刃磨損尺寸是相對地的大，當(dāng)yd10,yd15和yw 被使用的時候。然而當(dāng) yts25被使用的時候，刀刃磨損尺寸很最小。因為不對稱現(xiàn)象公差擠入，而且振動將會發(fā)生。 yts25 刀具有得更好抗拒碰撞的性能和刀刃磨損尺寸。 因此, yts25 刀具材料被選擇做跟隨實(shí)驗。表1切削刀具的材料性能類型材料性能標(biāo)記hrab(kg/mm2)(g/cm2)yd10yd15707yw2yts259290.592919113012514515020012.4112.811.512.111.812.512.

6、71.3.312.813.2north toolsnorth toolszigongzhugongzhuzhou表2 切削刀具的機(jī)械性能代號抗拉強(qiáng)度伸長率伸縮率沖擊韌性b(kg/mm2)(%)t(%)k(kg/cm2)270simn1001240545#6116405welding line64.6825.5 1337.646.23.56.4表3 切削參數(shù)切削速度 v (m/min) 75切削深度 p (mm)5.5徑給速度 f(mm/r)0.3前角 0 ( 10后角 0 (8切削刃0角 kr (845 ; 75 ; 90邊緣傾斜尺寸 s (-5負(fù)切削尺寸 b1 (mm)0.1; 0.2; 0

7、.3切削角半徑 r(mm) 0.2; 0.4; 0.84.2 刃口角的影響當(dāng)刃口角被改變的時候，變化凹槽的結(jié)果在圖 4 中被顯示。從圖4我們能發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著切削刃口角 kr的減少，刀刃磨損尺寸也相應(yīng)減少。理由是刃口角 kr 的減少是那 , 刃口的長度那一個作用于槽的邊緣變大和平均負(fù)載力變得比較輕。4.3 刀具半徑半徑r的影響變化界線的結(jié)果隨著刀具刻凹痕的改變在圖 5中顯示。和刀具的刀刃磨損尺寸減少，墻角半徑半徑r也相應(yīng)減少。理由是刀具的半徑墻角變大，耐沖擊性能也增大，耐久熱的增加和刀具的尺寸也變大。 因此，依據(jù)相同的切削條件規(guī)定，當(dāng)?shù)毒邏前霃阶兊帽容^小的時候，界線刻凹痕尺寸(vn,c)也減少。4.

8、4 負(fù)倒角 bal的影響不同刀刃磨損的實(shí)驗結(jié)果如圖 6所示。當(dāng)負(fù)倒角的寬度被改變的時候。刀刃磨損的尺寸將會減少負(fù)倒角 bal的寬度何時減少。 因此, 為了要抵抗或者減小刀具刀刃磨損尺寸, 比較小的負(fù)倒角 bal應(yīng)該被選擇。4.5 修邊機(jī)制方法鑿紋在金屬制的機(jī)制方法的刀具刀刃磨損上有一些影響。 一個修邊刀具被選擇在刀具上可以減少它的負(fù)面影響。不同的修邊機(jī)制方法和普通機(jī)制方法之間的結(jié)果如圖7所示，它能被預(yù)期大約75%的刀刃磨損被減少。 因此, 鑿紋是一個主要的傳遞因數(shù)，來增加刀具的刀刃磨損尺寸。圖5 切削工人角落半徑r的影響圖6 負(fù)磨損寬度的影響fig.7去除毛刺機(jī)器加工過程和通用機(jī)器加工過程5

9、結(jié)論從上述的經(jīng)驗性的研究和理論上的分析,可得到如下的結(jié)論:1) 刀具的刀刃磨損一般用刀具的刀刃磨損高度 vn 和刀刃磨損寬度c來表達(dá)，刀具磨損的形成分成三步:微步傾角; 然后, 網(wǎng)面尺寸擴(kuò)大; 最后，刀刃磨損產(chǎn)生。(2) 影響硬質(zhì)合金刀具的刀刃磨損的因數(shù)是修補(bǔ)材料，刀具材料和刀具幾何學(xué)參數(shù)。(3) 修邊機(jī)制方法和調(diào)整刀具幾何參數(shù) ( 減少負(fù)倒角 bal的邊緣角 kr 和寬度, 增加刀具墻角半徑半徑) 能被選擇有效地減少邊界凹槽, 這確保刀具的工作件和切削性能的質(zhì)量study on boundary notch of cementecarbide cutting tool1abstract th

10、e performance of cemented carbide cutting tools directly influence machining quality of the machined workpiece .in this paper, the forming mechanism of boundary notch of cemented carbide cutting tool is studied, related theories analyzed, a definition of the boundary notch size presented, and main f

11、actors to influence boundary notch of tool pointed out. besides forming process and change lay of the boundary notch of tool are found out, and a certain number of measures to decrease and control the boundary notch of tool have been advanced.key words boundary notch; cemented carbide cutting tool;

12、cutting burr; corner radius; tool cutting edge angle1 introductionthe wear and boundary notch of cemented carbide cutting tools are often found in the machining. they directly influence machining quality of the machined workpiece and the cutting performance and life of the cutter. especially, in the

13、 precision machining, flexible manufacturing system (fms) and other automation manufacture, wear and boundary notch behaviors of cemented carbide tools are even more important. metal cutting experiences have expounded that wear and boundary notch of the cemented carbide cutting tools are more seriou

14、s in the machining of the workpiece in which the strain hardening is high and the remaining is not even. it seriously influences the machining quality of the machined piece and the cutting performance and life of the cutter. but, so far, there has not been much research on the boundary notch mechani

15、sm of cemented carbide cutting cutter, and the technical measures to reduce boundary notch of cemented carbide cutting tools are fewer1,2. so that, the based on the machining experiments of friction welded joint, this research focuses on the forming processes and main rules of the boundary notch, an

16、d has developed several measures to resist or lessen boundary notch, which provides a theoretical and experimental base to ensure cutting performances of cutters and machining quality.2 the forming process and main size of boundary notchthe boundary notch of cemented carbide cutting tools is a wear

17、area, which is relatively large, resulting from friction between main cutting edge and the surface of the workpiece as the following fig.1. fig.1 (a) shows a traditional wearing type of the flank. the rake face ar and flank face aa are also shown. fig.1 (b) shows the main dimension of boundary notch

18、 of the lathe tool, in which vn represented the height of boundary notch and c refers to the width. it is apparent that the greater the dimensions of vn and c are, the greater it destroys the performance of tools and influences the machining quality3,4.by experiment, the forming process of the bound

19、ary notch can be divided into the following three steps: firstly, several micro cracks are produced at main cutting edge. secondly, the mesh fractures are found in the boundary areas and they will spread. finally, the piece material will be denuded and the boundary notch is formed. in the subsequent

20、 cutting process, the dimension of the boundary becomes bigger and bigger.fig. 2 shows the forming process of boundary notch of the cemented carbide cutting tools.main factors to influence boundary notch are mechanical performance of the piece material, the cutter material, and geometry parameter of

21、 the cutter. the following experiments were carried out in order to expound the forming mechanism and evolution rules of the boundary notch.fig. 1 boundary notch of the cemented carbide cutting tool in turningfig.2 forming process of boundary notch of the cemented carbide cutting tools.3 experiment

22、conditions and testing measuresthe lathe c6130 and reversible cutting tool are used in the experiment. five cutter materials are employed. main mechanical parameters of cutter material are shown in table 1.the machining piece is the friction-welded line of the single hydraulic pillar. the width of t

23、he welded line is 15mm and the machining allowance is 5.5mm. besides, the above pillar is welded with 270simn and 45# steel. the relatively mechanical performances of the welded line are shown in table 2.based on manufacturing experience and relative information in china and other countries about si

24、milar machining process, the chosen machining and tool geometry parameters are shown in table 3.the boundary notch dimensions of the cemented carbide cutting tools (boundary notch height vn and width c are directly attained by tool microscope. in order to ensure reliability of the results, repeated

25、experiments are carried out. the recurrent performance is good.4 experiment results and analysis4.1 cutter materialsfor different cutter materials, as shown in fig. 3, the machining performance and the ability to resist boundary notch are distinctly different.from fig. 3, we can find the boundary no

26、tch dimensions are relatively large when yd10,yd15 and yw are used. whereas the boundary notch dimension is smallest when yts25 is used. because of the asymmetry allowances impacts and vibrations will take place. yts25 cutter has better impact-resisting performance and boundary notch dimension. ther

27、efore, yts25 cutter material is selected to do the following experiments.table 1 material performances of cutterstypematerial performanceremarkhrab(kg/mm2)(g/cm2)yd10yd15707yw2yts259290.592919113012514515020012.4112.811.512.111.812.512.71.3.312.813.2north toolsnorth toolszigongzhugongzhuzhoutable 2

28、mechanical performances of cuttersitemtensile strengthelongation rateshrinkage rateimpact toughnessb(kg/mm2)(%)t(%)k(kg/cm2)270simn1001240545#6116405welding line64.6825.5 1337.646.23.56.4table 3 cutting parameterscutting velocity v (m/min) 75cutting depth p (mm)5.5feed rate f(mm/r)0.3rake angle 0 (

29、10clearance angle 0 (8cutting edge angle kr (845 ; 75 ; 90edge inclination s (-5negative chamfer b1 (mm)0.1; 0.2; 0.3cutter corner radius r(mm) 0.2; 0.4; 0.84.2 influences of cutting edge anglethe results of the variety boundary notch are shown as in fig. 4 when the cutting edge angle is changed. fr

30、om fig. 4 we can find that, with the lessening of the cutting edge angle kr , the dimensions of the boundary notch decrease. the reason is that with the lessening of the cutting edge angle kr , the length of the cutting edge that acts on cutting becomes larger and the average loads on the cutting ed

31、ge become lighter.4.3 influences of cutter corner radius rthe results of the variety boundary notch with the cutter corner changing are shown as fig. 5.the boundary notch dimension decreases with the cutter corner radius r becoming lesser. the reason is that with the increasing of the cutter corner

32、radius, the impact-resistance performance.fig. 3 different boundary notch results to different utter materialfig. 4 influences of cutting edge angle krincreases and the volume of the cutter that endures heat becomes larger. therefore, under the same cutting conditions, boundary notch dimensions (vn,

33、 c) decrease when the cutter corner radius becomes lesser.4.4 influences of negative chamfer blthe experiment results of the variety boundary notch are shown as in fig. 6 when the width of the negative chamfer is changed. the dimension of the boundary notch will decrease when the width of the negati

34、ve chamfer bl decreases. therefore, in order to resist or decrease the cutter boundary notch, the lesser negative chamfer bl should be chosen.4.5 deburring machining processthe burrs have some influences on cutter boundary notch in metal machining process. a deburring cutter is chosen to decrease the adverse influence on cutter. a different result between deburring machining process and common machining process is sh