名詞性從句(修改版)習(xí)題

1、英語句子的類型：英語句子的類型：英語句子的類型：英語句子的類型：簡(jiǎn)單句簡(jiǎn)單句Simple sentence主語主語S+ 謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞Vi主語主語S+連系動(dòng)詞連系動(dòng)詞VL+表語表語PThere be句型句型主語主語S+謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞Vt+賓語賓語O+賓補(bǔ)賓補(bǔ)COC主語主語S+ 謂語動(dòng)詞謂語動(dòng)詞Vt +賓語賓語OSit down! She is waiting (at the gate).They has found the lost child.We found her crying at the corner.The man looked quite confused.There use

2、d to be a farm here.(=You sit down!)并列句并列句compound sentence分句分句+ +連詞連詞(and/so/but/or)+分句分句（句子間相互獨(dú)立并不互為成分）（句子間相互獨(dú)立并不互為成分）She came to my house yesterday evening, and I went to hers . Everything in the world is outside you but health belongs to yourself .Do it this way or youll be in trouble . Ive got

3、a meeting to attend, so I have to go now. 復(fù)合句復(fù)合句complex sentence主句主句+ +名詞性從句名詞性從句 形容詞性從句形容詞性從句(定語從句定語從句)adjective clause副詞性從句副詞性從句(狀語從句狀語從句)adverbial clause( (從屬連詞從屬連詞) )從句從句noun clauseHe was kept in a prison where few were able to escape. Those days, when we were beating other teams one after one,

4、are so exciting and impressive.I am not taking the driving test unless I am prepared.She cant read where it is noisy. Put your hands where we can see them.What can a noun be in a sentence？A teacher is a person who teaches in school.The student is teaching a teacher to use the computerThe man giving

5、a speech is a teacher.The person in a students uniform turned out a teacher.Mr Green, a teacher from England, is popular among students.We were just talking about Mr Green, a teacher of English. subject主語主語object賓語賓語predicative表語表語appositive 同位語同位語Who took away the key remains a mystery.The question

6、 is who took way the key.No one knows who took away the key.Here is my question who took away the key.Who took away the key?appositive clause同位語從句同位語從句object clause賓語從句賓語從句subject clause主語從句主語從句predicative clause表語從句表語從句 That the object travels around that star suggests (that) it is a planet of the

7、star.The strange thing is that the object travels around that star.You can conclude that the object travels around that star.Most scientists have observed the fact that the object travels around that star. The fact that the object travels around that star suggests (that) it is a planet of the star.T

8、he object travels around that star.What is a noun clause?How many kinds of noun clauses are there? 如果一個(gè)句子能夠像名詞一樣，在另外如果一個(gè)句子能夠像名詞一樣，在另外一個(gè)句子中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語或同一個(gè)句子中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語或同位語成份，這個(gè)句子就是名詞性從句。位語成份，這個(gè)句子就是名詞性從句。主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句表語從句表語從句同位語從句同位語從句e.g. That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a

9、 serious matter to the people in Britain. What life will be like in the future is difficult to predict. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. Whether she comes or not doesnt concern me.Subject clause注意事項(xiàng)注意事項(xiàng): :1 1、that引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般都要用形式主語引導(dǎo)的主語從句一般都要用形式主語it開頭。開頭。e.g. It was strange that

10、he did not come yesterday.2 2、有些結(jié)構(gòu)已成為固定的句型，應(yīng)注意掌握：、有些結(jié)構(gòu)已成為固定的句型，應(yīng)注意掌握： It is said/reported/decided/known that It is a pity that It happened thatIt is quite clear that the crime was done on purpose.(it 作形式主語作形式主語)that the crime was done on purpose主主語語從從句句1. 1.連接代詞連接代詞what (什么什么, 所所的的)who(m) ( (誰誰, , 他

11、他/ /她她) )which ( (哪哪/ /那個(gè)那個(gè)) )whose (誰的誰的)2.2.連接副詞連接副詞when ( (什么時(shí)候什么時(shí)候, , 的時(shí)間的時(shí)間) )where ( (什么地方什么地方, , 的地點(diǎn)的地點(diǎn)) )why (為什么為什么, 的原因的原因)how ( (怎樣怎樣, , 如何如何, , 的方式的方式) )how long, how many, how much, how far, how soon, how often3.3.連接詞連接詞whether （是否）（是否）that （無詞義）（無詞義）在從句中作主在從句中作主語、賓語、表語、賓語、表語、定語語、定語在從句作

12、狀語，在從句作狀語，表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式原因、方式在從句中不作任何成分在從句中不作任何成分e.g.The discussion topic for today is what schools will be like in the future.The mystery is whether he ever went there at all.Predicative clause1. 1.連接代詞連接代詞what （什么，所（什么，所的）的）who(m) （誰，他（誰，他/她）她）which （哪（哪/那個(gè)）那個(gè)）whose （誰的）（誰的）2.2.連接副詞連接副詞when （

13、什么時(shí)候（什么時(shí)候, 的時(shí)間）的時(shí)間）where （什么地方（什么地方, 的地點(diǎn)）的地點(diǎn)）why （為什么（為什么, 的原因）的原因）how （怎樣（怎樣, 如何如何, 的方式）的方式）3.3.連接詞連接詞whether （是否）（是否）that （無詞義）（無詞義）在從句中作在從句中作主語、賓語主語、賓語表語、定語表語、定語在從句中在從句中作狀作狀語，表時(shí)間、語，表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式方式不作任何成分不作任何成分表表語語從從句句how long, how many, how much, how far, how soon, how oftenbecause 因?yàn)橐驗(yàn)閍s if

14、/as though 似乎似乎1. They realise that it is of great value to record and teach them to the younger generation.2. They are careful about what they eat and exercise regularly.3. I cant imagine what made him act like that.4. It depends on how well do it.5. Eat whichever you like and leave the others for

15、whoever comes in late.Object clausehow long, how many, how much, how far, how soon, how often1. 1.連接代詞連接代詞what （什么，所（什么，所的）的）who(m) （誰，他（誰，他/她）她）which （哪（哪/那個(gè)）那個(gè)）whose （誰的）（誰的）2.2.連接副詞連接副詞when （什么時(shí)候（什么時(shí)候, 的時(shí)間）的時(shí)間）where （什么地方（什么地方, 的地點(diǎn)）的地點(diǎn)）why （為什么（為什么, 的原因）的原因）how （怎樣（怎樣, 如何如何, 的方式）的方式）3.3.連接詞連接詞whe

16、ther （是否）（是否）that （無詞義）（無詞義）在從句中作在從句中作主語、賓語、主語、賓語、表語、定語表語、定語在從句中作狀在從句中作狀語，表時(shí)間、語，表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、地點(diǎn)、原因、方式方式不作任何成分不作任何成分賓賓語語從從句句if名詞性從句名詞性從句表語從句表語從句主語從句主語從句賓語從句賓語從句同位語從句同位語從句-句子的主語由一個(gè)從句充當(dāng)句子的主語由一個(gè)從句充當(dāng)-及物動(dòng)詞和介詞的賓語由從句充當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞和介詞的賓語由從句充當(dāng)-在聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞在聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞bebe、seemseem、looklook后后 充當(dāng)表語的從句充當(dāng)表語的從句用在某些名詞后，如用在某些名詞后，如fact( (事實(shí)事

17、實(shí)),),news( (消息消息),),hope( (希望希望),),truth( (真理、事實(shí)真理、事實(shí)),),idea( (主意、想主意、想法法),),order( (命令命令),),suggestion( (建議建議), ), question( (問題問題), ), promise( (諾言諾言),),thought( (思想、思想、念頭念頭) )等，充當(dāng)同位語等，充當(dāng)同位語, ,進(jìn)一步闡述這個(gè)名詞的進(jìn)一步闡述這個(gè)名詞的內(nèi)容。內(nèi)容。什么是同位語什么是同位語?e.g.The idea that English stands for Fish & Chips, Speakers Corne

18、r, Big Ben and the Tower of London is past.The fact that Great Britain is made up of three countries is still unknown to many.Appositive clause同位語從句一般由同位語從句一般由that 引導(dǎo)引導(dǎo)e.g.They had to face the fact that the nearest filling station is 30 miles away.My original question, why he did it at all, has not

19、been answered.e.g.Have you any idea how soon they are coming?(object)(subject)連接副詞連接副詞how, when, where等也可引導(dǎo)同位語從句等也可引導(dǎo)同位語從句1. 1.連接代詞連接代詞what （什么，所（什么，所的）的）who(m) （誰，他（誰，他/她）她）which （哪（哪/那個(gè)）那個(gè)）whose （誰的）（誰的）2.2.連接副詞連接副詞when （什么時(shí)候（什么時(shí)候, 的時(shí)間）的時(shí)間）where （什么地方（什么地方, 的地點(diǎn)）的地點(diǎn)）why （為什么（為什么, 的原因）的原因）how （怎樣（怎樣

20、, 如何如何, 的方式）的方式）3.3.連接詞連接詞whether （是否）（是否）that （無詞義）（無詞義）在從句中作在從句中作主語、賓語主語、賓語表語、定語表語、定語在從句中作在從句中作狀語，表時(shí)狀語，表時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)間、地點(diǎn) 、原因、方式原因、方式不作任何成分不作任何成分同同位位語語從從句句how long, how many, how much, how far, how soon, how often 注意區(qū)分同位語從句和定語從句：注意區(qū)分同位語從句和定語從句： 前者說明名詞詞組的內(nèi)容，前者說明名詞詞組的內(nèi)容， 后者說明名詞詞組的性質(zhì)特征。后者說明名詞詞組的性質(zhì)特征。 前者中的前者中

21、的thatthat在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，在句中不充當(dāng)任何成分， 后者后者thatthat是從句中的一個(gè)成分。是從句中的一個(gè)成分。試比較下列句子：試比較下列句子：The news that he joined the army is inspiring.The news that he told me is inspiring.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)詞( (作賓語作賓語) )( (無意義無意義) )( (同位語同位語) )( (定語定語) )試用名詞性從句翻譯以下句子試用名詞性從句翻譯以下句子: :1.1.很顯然你根本沒有在聽我講話。很顯然你根本沒有在聽我講話。 its very obvio

22、us that you dont listen to me at all. 2. 寶石節(jié)即將舉行，這將有助于梧州經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。寶石節(jié)即將舉行，這將有助于梧州經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。 That the Jewel Festival is to be held will be helpful for the economy development of Wuzhou.3. 問題不是誰要走而是誰將留下。問題不是誰要走而是誰將留下。 The problem is not who will go but who will stay.4. 我們表達(dá)了希望他們?cè)俅蝸砦倚ＴL問的愿望。我們表達(dá)了希望他們?cè)俅蝸砦倚ＴL問的愿望。

23、 We express the hope that they will come to visit our school again. 5. 地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)這一事實(shí)人盡皆知。地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)這一事實(shí)人盡皆知。 The truth that the earth moves around the sun is known to all.6.6.你能告訴我誰來為這次火災(zāi)負(fù)責(zé)嗎？你能告訴我誰來為這次火災(zāi)負(fù)責(zé)嗎？ Can you tell us who is responsible for the fire?Exx.1. _Wang Feng looked after the old woman a wh

24、ole year moved us all. A. That B.What C.When D.Why2. _ gets home first is to cook the supper. A. Who B.Whom C.Those who D. Whoever3. It depends on _ he has enough money. A. if B.weather C.if or not D.whether介詞后的賓語從句不可用介詞后的賓語從句不可用if if4.Our hometown is quite different from _ before. A. that it was B.

25、 what it was C. which it was D. when it was5. _ surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word. A. He B.It C.This D.That 6. The reason why he didnt come yesterday was _ he was ill. A. because B.why C.how D.that7. He was ill. That is _ he didnt come yesterday. A. when B.why C.how D.t

26、hat8. He didnt come yesterday. That is _ he was ill. A. because B.why C.how D.when9. He made a promise _ he would help me. A. what B.when C.that D.which10.The teacher had no idea _ he didnt go to see the film. A. when B.how C.why D.where11.All the students went to see _ with her. A. what the matter

27、was B. what was the matter C. what wrong was D. what was the wrong12. - _ you did? - No, in fact I didnt need to. A. Is that what B. Is what that C. Whats is that D. Is whatN N 同位語同位語(Appositive) 1）同位語的結(jié)構(gòu)形式）同位語的結(jié)構(gòu)形式 緊跟在與之同位的名詞詞組（或相當(dāng)于名詞緊跟在與之同位的名詞詞組（或相當(dāng)于名詞 詞組的結(jié)構(gòu)）后詞組的結(jié)構(gòu)）后, , 也可位于與之同位的名詞詞組之前；也可位于與之同位的名詞

28、詞組之前； 有時(shí)為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡或?yàn)榱思訌?qiáng)語勢(shì)，有時(shí)為了保持句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡或?yàn)榱思訌?qiáng)語勢(shì)， 同位語也可出現(xiàn)在句尾，從而造成兩個(gè)同位同位語也可出現(xiàn)在句尾，從而造成兩個(gè)同位 成分的分隔。成分的分隔。 指對(duì)與之同位的名詞或名詞詞組提供補(bǔ)充說明指對(duì)與之同位的名詞或名詞詞組提供補(bǔ)充說明, , 起修飾和描繪作用的結(jié)構(gòu)。起修飾和描繪作用的結(jié)構(gòu)。e.g.Winston Churchill, Britains prime minister during the Second World War, died in 1965.Playing football, his only interest in life,

29、 has brought him many friends.Fast learner and the most diligent student of the class, he wins the scholarship every year.Once an important army factory in Beijing, Factory 798 was designed by East German architects and built with Russian help in the early 1950s.Only one problem still remains - the

30、construction of the new stadium.Lucy was born in a small town of Wales, the daughter of a poor and ignorant miners.2）同位語的引導(dǎo)詞）同位語的引導(dǎo)詞 ( (同位語之前有時(shí)帶有引導(dǎo)詞以表示同位成分之間同位語之前有時(shí)帶有引導(dǎo)詞以表示同位成分之間的特殊意義。）的特殊意義。） 表等同關(guān)系的引導(dǎo)詞表等同關(guān)系的引導(dǎo)詞，如，如namely, that is, for short, that is to say, in other words, or etc. 表舉例和列舉的引導(dǎo)詞表舉例和列舉的

31、引導(dǎo)詞，如，如for example, such as，for instance, say, including etc. 表突出重點(diǎn)的引導(dǎo)詞表突出重點(diǎn)的引導(dǎo)詞，如，如especially, particularly, chiefly, mostly etc. 用介詞用介詞ofof作引導(dǎo)詞表同位關(guān)系作引導(dǎo)詞表同位關(guān)系, ,如如The month of May = the month, May The art of painting = the art, paintinge.g.He studies architecture, that is, the science of designing and constructing buildings.The freezing te