高一下必修四Unit3LearningaboutLanguage

1、unit 3a taste of english humourlearning about language必修四必修四nounverb adjectiveadverb fortune-contentment-perform -fortunatefortunatelycontentedcontentcontentedlyperformer/performanceperformingdiscovering useful words and expressions 1 fill in the chart.nounverb adjectiveadverb humourastonish-mentbor

2、echarmentertain-menthumourhumoroushumorouslyastonishastonishingastonishinglyborebored, boringboringlycharmcharmingcharminglyentertain entertaining entertaininglyin the 1990s, mr. bean became a star using mime to highlight difficult social situations much as charlie chaplin had done. his method of ac

3、ting was to appear _, look around and then do exactly the wrong thing. children particularly would burst into _ at his behavior. he always managed to _ those things that people are afraid of doing uncertainlaughterpick outanswers to exercise 2.because they do not want to appear a social _. on one oc

4、casion in a restaurant he ordered a steak tartare. when the uncooked meat arrived he was _ by shame because he could not eat it. he _ a piece of meat and pretended to _ a mouthful but instead put it into the plant pot beside him. he put other pieces into his pocket. failureovercomecut offchew_ the m

5、eal he seemed to show great _in his food. he was such an _ performer that when he finished eating his dinner, the waiter offered him the same dish again at no extra _!throughoutenjoymentoutstandingchargeoccasion n. (事情發(fā)生的事情發(fā)生的)時刻時刻; 時候時候; 場合場合 we should keep quiet on such an occasion. 在這種場合我們應(yīng)該保持安靜。

6、在這種場合我們應(yīng)該保持安靜。on another occasion, he landed in a deserted car park. 還有一次還有一次, 他在一個廢棄的停車場著陸。他在一個廢棄的停車場著陸。on occasion 有時有時; 偶爾偶爾on this / that occasion 此時此時(那時那時)on one occasion 有一次有一次; 曾經(jīng)曾經(jīng)on the occasion of 在在的時候的時候; 值此之際值此之際exercise 3 on page 20sample dialogue: is1: ill be better off if i can come

7、 back to my childhood because i find my littlesister has a better life than me.s2: but youll be worse off if your sister feels envy at you. iis1: i will be better off if i have a chance to study abroad because i can pick up english.s2: but you will find it is worse off when living abroad, without a

8、parent or a close friend to care for you. read the sentences from the text and pay attention to the underlined parts. you may find it astonishing that charlie was taught to sing 2. he grew more and more popular as his charming character, the little tramp, became 3. the acting is so convincing that i

9、t makes you believe that it is one of the 4. - his subtle acting made everything entertaining.object complementattributepredicativesubjectthe ing form as the predictive, attributive and object complement-ing形式作主語形式作主語1. talking to him is talking to a wall. 對他說話等于對牛彈琴。對他說話等于對牛彈琴。2. smoking may cause

10、cancer. 吸煙會致癌。吸煙會致癌。3. walking is my sole exercise. 散步是我唯一的運(yùn)動。散步是我唯一的運(yùn)動。4. talking mends no holes. (諺諺)空談無濟(jì)于事?？照劅o濟(jì)于事。-ing形式作賓語形式作賓語5. i suggest bringing the meeting to an end. 我建議結(jié)束會議。我建議結(jié)束會議。6. he admitted taking the money. 他承認(rèn)錢是他拿的。他承認(rèn)錢是他拿的。 7. i couldnt help laughing. 我禁不住笑了起來。我禁不住笑了起來。8. your co

11、at needs brushing. 你的大衣需要刷一下。你的大衣需要刷一下。1. 單個動詞的單個動詞的-ing形式作定語位于形式作定語位于被修飾名詞的前面被修飾名詞的前面, 既可以表示被修飾既可以表示被修飾者的作用或功能者的作用或功能, 也可以表示被修飾者也可以表示被修飾者的動作或狀態(tài)。的動作或狀態(tài)。如：如：building materials = materials for building 建筑材料建筑材料-ing形式作定語形式作定語drinking water = water for drinking 飲用水飲用水a(chǎn) walking stick = a stick for walkin

12、g 手杖手杖a reading room = a room for reading 閱覽室閱覽室a writing desk = a desk for writing 寫字臺寫字臺 tiring music = music that is tiring 煩人的音樂煩人的音樂 a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一個驚人的結(jié)果一個驚人的結(jié)果2. ing 形式短語作定語時形式短語作定語時, 放在所修飾的放在所修飾的名詞之后名詞之后, 并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個并且在意思上相當(dāng)于一個定語從句。定語從句。如：如：they lived in a

13、 room facing the street. = they lived in a room that faces the street. 他們住在一間面朝街的房子。他們住在一間面朝街的房子。the man standing there is peters father. = the man who is standing there is peters father. 站在那兒的那個人是彼得的父親。站在那兒的那個人是彼得的父親。anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = anybody who is swimming in this ri

14、ver will be fined. 在這條河里游泳的任何一個人都會被罰款。在這條河里游泳的任何一個人都會被罰款。3. -ing形式短語也可以用作非限制定語形式短語也可以用作非限制定語, 相當(dāng)于一個非限制性定語從句相當(dāng)于一個非限制性定語從句, 這時這時, 它與句子其他部分用逗號分開。它與句子其他部分用逗號分開。如：如：his brother, working as a teacher, lives in beijing. = his brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in beijing. 他那個當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在北京。他那個當(dāng)教師的哥哥住在

15、北京。the apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = the apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵蘋果樹碩果累累那棵蘋果樹碩果累累, , 在微風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳在微風(fēng)中輕輕搖曳。1. 動詞動詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常放在形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語常放在賓語后面賓語后面, 表示一個正在進(jìn)行的主動性表示一個正在進(jìn)行的主動性的動作的動作, 強(qiáng)調(diào)一個過程或一種狀態(tài)。強(qiáng)調(diào)一個過程或一種狀態(tài)。如如：

16、when we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時當(dāng)我們回到學(xué)校時, 發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生人發(fā)現(xiàn)一個陌生人站在大門口。站在大門口。-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語we found the cat eating a mouse. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那只貓正在吃老鼠。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那只貓正在吃老鼠。i found a bag lying on the ground. 我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個包。我發(fā)現(xiàn)地板上放著一個包。the boss kept the workers working the wh

17、ole night. 那老板讓工人整夜地工作。那老板讓工人整夜地工作。2. 當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時當(dāng)主句轉(zhuǎn)換為被動結(jié)構(gòu)時, 原來作原來作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞賓語補(bǔ)足語的動詞-ing形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為形式便轉(zhuǎn)換為主語補(bǔ)足語。主語補(bǔ)足語。如：如：they found the result very satisfying. = the result is found very satisfying.這個結(jié)果很令人滿意。這個結(jié)果很令人滿意。they heard him singing in the next room. = he was heard singing in the next room. 有人聽到他

18、在隔壁房間唱歌。有人聽到他在隔壁房間唱歌。we mustnt keep them waiting.= they mustnt be kept waiting. 千萬不能讓他們等。千萬不能讓他們等。3. 能用能用-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾類動詞形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的幾類動詞: 表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞表示感覺和心理狀態(tài)的動詞, 常見的有常見的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。等。如：如：we saw a light burning in the window. i felt somebody pa

19、tting me on the shoulder. can you smell anything burning?as he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously.listen to the birds singing. i didnt notice him waiting.2) 表示指使意義的動詞表示指使意義的動詞, 常見的有常見的有 have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。等。如：如：i wont have you doing that. this set me thinking.im s

20、orry to have kept you waiting. i cant get the clock going again.you wont catch me doing that again.你看吧你看吧, 我決不會做那種事了。我決不會做那種事了。 4. see, hear, feel, watch等動詞之后用等動詞之后用-ing形式形式.和動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別：和動詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的區(qū)別： 前者表示動作正在進(jìn)行前者表示動作正在進(jìn)行, 而后者表示而后者表示(或強(qiáng)調(diào)或強(qiáng)調(diào)) 動作從開始到結(jié)束的全過程。動作從開始到結(jié)束的全過程。如如:we passed by the classm

21、ates and saw the teacher making the experiment.我們走過教室我們走過教室, 看見老師在做實(shí)驗(yàn)?？匆娎蠋熢谧鰧?shí)驗(yàn)。(只在走過教室的剎那間只在走過教室的剎那間, 看見老師正在做實(shí)驗(yàn)看見老師正在做實(shí)驗(yàn))we sat for an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我們坐了一個小時我們坐了一個小時, 看老師做實(shí)驗(yàn)?？蠢蠋熥鰧?shí)驗(yàn)。(一個小時之內(nèi)一直在看老師作實(shí)驗(yàn)一個小時之內(nèi)一直在看老師作實(shí)驗(yàn)) 如果賓語補(bǔ)足語是短暫性動詞如果賓語補(bǔ)足語是短暫性動詞, 動詞不定式動詞不定式短語表示一次動作短語表示

22、一次動作, 而而-ing形式則表示反復(fù)動作。形式則表示反復(fù)動作。e.g. we heard the door slam. we heard the door slamming. (反復(fù)動作反復(fù)動作)(一次動作一次動作)-ing形式作表語時放在系動詞之后形式作表語時放在系動詞之后, 用來泛指用來泛指某種動作或行為某種動作或行為, 以說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)或以說明主語的身份、性質(zhì)或情況。情況。如：如：her hobby is painting. 她的業(yè)余愛好是畫畫。她的業(yè)余愛好是畫畫。my job is looking after the children.我的工作就是照顧這些孩子。我的工作就是照顧

23、這些孩子。his concern for his mother is most touching.他對母親的關(guān)愛很感人。他對母親的關(guān)愛很感人。-ing形式作表語形式作表語 the _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake. a. missing; playing b. missing; play c. missed; played d. missed; to play解析解析: missing是形容詞是形容詞, 作作boy的定語的定語, 意思是意思是“失蹤的失蹤的”。 was last seen playing表示被看見時正在玩。表示被看見

24、時正在玩。a2. mr. smith, _ of the _ speech, started to read a novel. a. tired; boring b. tiring; bored c. tired; bored d. tiring; boring解析解析: 此題考查現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別。此題考查現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞的區(qū)別。tired, moved, interested excited 等過去分詞等過去分詞敘述的是人的本身感受敘述的是人的本身感受; tiring, moving, interesting, exciting等現(xiàn)在分詞敘述的是某等現(xiàn)在分詞敘述的是某一物或事情給予

25、人的感受。一物或事情給予人的感受。a3. when we watched the national flag _ in the olympic games on tv, we raised a cheer. a. rise b. being risen c. raised d. being raised解析解析: 本題考查分詞作補(bǔ)語本題考查分詞作補(bǔ)語, rise是不及物動詞是不及物動詞, 先排除先排除a、b兩項(xiàng)兩項(xiàng), 國旗是被人們升起的國旗是被人們升起的, 應(yīng)該用分詞的被動形式應(yīng)該用分詞的被動形式, 句意為句意為: 當(dāng)看到電視中當(dāng)看到電視中奧林匹克運(yùn)動會上國旗正在被升起時奧林匹克運(yùn)動會上國旗正

26、在被升起時, 我們我們歡呼起來。歡呼起來。d4. we sat there, _with what we listened to. a. satisfying b. to satisfy c. contented d. content解析解析: 本題考查動詞用法。本題考查動詞用法。satisfied表示表示“感到滿意的感到滿意的”, 把把a(bǔ)、b兩項(xiàng)排除兩項(xiàng)排除; content 既是形容詞既是形容詞, 又是動詞又是動詞, be contented with “對對滿足滿足”。d5. he was in hospital for six months. he felt as if he was

27、_ from the outside world. a. cut out b. cut off c. cut up d. cut through 解析：解析：b。cut out的意思是的意思是“切下；刪切下；刪除除”，cut off意思是意思是“切斷；使切斷；使(人、人、城鎮(zhèn)城鎮(zhèn))孤立孤立”，cut up的意思是的意思是“切切碎碎”，cut through的意思是的意思是“穿越穿越”。6. why did you go back to the shop? i left my son _ there. a. wait b. to wait c. waiting d. waits解析：解析：c。本

28、題考查分詞作補(bǔ)語，。本題考查分詞作補(bǔ)語，leave 在這意思是在這意思是“讓讓處于處于狀狀態(tài)態(tài)”。 she was offered the _(lead) role in the new film. 2. seeing the sun _(rise) above the surface of the sea, all of us began to take photos. 3. as the stone was too heavy to move, i left it _ (lie) on the ground. 4. havent you seen the sign, _ (read) “n

29、o photos”? im really sorry i didnt.5. the comments which he made _(concern) marketing bothered his boss greatly.fill in the blanks with the correct form of each given word.leading rising lying reading concerning 1. i cant imagine billy _ a motorbike.2. did you hear the someone downstairs _ at the do

30、or?3. frank is very good at telling funny jokes. he can be very _. 4. you cant stop me _ what i want. complete the sentences with a word from the box.astonish, depress, play, do, ride, amuse, knockridingknockingamusingdoing5. you may find it _ that he made progress in such a short time.6. most peopl

31、e consider it _ that it keeps raining for a whole week.7. when i came out of the theatre, i noticed a group of children _ musical instruments across the street.astonishingdepressingplaying a cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. a. smoke b. smoking c. to smoke d. smoked2. t

32、he manager discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. a. carry out b. carrying out c. carried out d. to carry outb c 單項(xiàng)選擇單項(xiàng)選擇3. i can hardly imagine peter _ across the atlantic ocean in five days. a. sail b. to sail c. sailing d. to have sailed4. when we got back from the cinema

33、, we found the lamp_ but the door _. a. being on; shutb. burning; shutting c. burning; shut d. on; shuttingc c 5. there was a terrible noise _ the sudden burst of light. a. followed b. following c. to be followed d. being followed6. tell mary that theres someone _ for her at the door. a. waiting b. waited c. waits d. to wait7. the _ waiter came up to us and said, “you are welcome.”a. smiling b. smiled c. smile d. to smileb a a 8. the result of the test was rather _. a. disappointed b. disappointing c. b