2021屆高考英語二輪專題闖關(guān)導(dǎo)練高考題型重組練七含解析

1、高考題型重組練(七).閱讀理解a2020石家莊市高三年級(jí)階段性訓(xùn)練題macinley butson was just 16 years old when she first had the idea to try and protect women from morethannecessary radiation during breast cancer treatmentsand now, her invention could be a game changer in the medical field.butson, whose father works in medical physi

2、cs, has always been interested in science. but she only began researching the side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatment in his work. since butson had also recently lost a relative to breast cancer, she felt inspired to conduct her

3、 own research on the subject. she tried to begin her medical research by consulting scientific journals, but she found their academic terms almost impossible to understand.she then turned to the internet to find videos that taught how to read scientific journals. as she went deeper in her research,

4、she stumbled_upon a key bit of information: copper (銅) has been shown to be effective at protecting skin from radiation. an idea hit this australian teen as she was viewing a film on medieval wars in her 10th grade history class. when she saw the scale (鱗) patterns of the mail (鎧甲), she was inspired

5、 to create a wearable protective tool out of copper. she then headed back online and watched videos on how to put tiny scales together. she made her own flexible scale mail which she now calls smart (scale maille armour for radiation therapy)when her invention was tested in a laboratory setting, it

6、reduced surface exposure to unnecessary radiation by 75%. and now butson is working on getting her smart into clinical settings for use.1why did macinley butson start her research?ato assist her father with his work.bto save her relative from cancer.cto publish some articles in journals.dto find eff

7、ective ways to treat cancer.2what does the underlined phrase “stumbled upon” in paragraph 3 probably mean?acame across. bmissed.cpassed on. drequired.3where did macinley butson get inspiration for her invention?avideos online. bscientific journals.chistory textbooks. dsoldiers defensive clothes.4whi

8、ch of the following best describes macinley butson?astubborn. bcreative.cselfless. dconsiderate.b2020開封市高三第一次模擬andrew grey doesnt fit most peoples idea of an astronomer. he works in a car repair shop, not in a lab or university, yet the australian repairman discovered a star system hiding in data fr

9、om nasas kepler space telescope.mr. grey is one of millions of citizen scientists helping researchers to expand collective understanding. for centuries, only a few ordinary people had been contributing to science, but advances in technology have brought a higher level of democratization (民主化) to sci

10、ence.“this is a collaborative (合作的) effort that anyone could get involved in，” says chris lintott, an oxford university astrophysicist (天體物理學(xué)家) and cofounder of zooniverse, a platform that hosts dozens of citizen science projects. citizen scientists can contribute to breakthroughs in almost any fiel

11、d, from ecology to astrophysics.“as long as pattern recognition is involved, there are no limits to what can become a citizen science project，” lintott says. “anyone can identify patterns in images, graphs, or even seemingly boring data after a short tutorial. machine learning allows computers to do

12、 some pattern recognition. but humans, particularly amateur scientists, dont stay focused on what theyre supposed to. and thats good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set.”“and citizen science doesnt have to be directed by a scientist，” says sheila jasanoff, director of

13、 the program on science, technology and society at harvard university. “citizens producing knowledge in places where official organs have failed them can also be citizen scientists，” she says. thats what happened in flint, michigan, when a local mother started drinking water tests that caused a broa

14、der investigation of lead levels.citizenpowered research is as old as scientific inquiry. for centuries before science became professionalized, regular people looked for patterns in the world around them. despite a lot of advanced equipment and computer models, scientists still welcome help from eve

15、ryday people.as a professional scientist himself, lintott says, “people think that were intelligent, but science is easy and we need your help.”5what made citizen scientists appear?athe high level of science projects.bthe development of technology.cthe support of the government.dthe foundation of zo

16、oniverse.6what is an advantage of humans in pattern recognition compared with machines?ahumans can identify patterns more swiftly.bhumans focus their attention on data.chumans can observe uncommon things.dhumans have stronger emotions.7what is lintotts attitude towards citizen science?afavorable. bc

17、autious.cindifferent. ddoubtful.8what would be the best title of the text?acitizen scientists can be intelligentbscience is important to everyonecanyone can be a scientistdscience is everywhere.完形填空2020泰安市高考全真模擬題there i stood with tears in my eyes. i looked at a face which was so _1_ that i might mi

18、stake it for my own. i stared _2_ her in disbelief. it felt like a dream. i hugged her; she was real.adopted at a very young age, i _3_ surrounded by people i loved as family. _4_， the faces werent like mine. they were people that loved me. as i got older, the curiosity to learn more about myself to

19、ok hold and didnt _5_.who was i? where did i come from?at the age of 21, i was given the chance to _6_ it out thanks to my adoptive parents the process of _7_.they accompanied me to the adoption agency. then the staff _8_ the process of finding my birth mother. but the process was _9_ and i didnt ex

20、pect there would be many complex procedures. and the agency also had caution to move the procedures to ensure both parties privacy especially _10_ my birth mother didnt choose to meet me.months later the agency told me that my birth mother was found and that she _11_ to meet me. we were excited. my

21、parents said my birth mother made great sacrifice as she gave me away, _12_ allowed them to support the family. otherwise, it wouldnt have been possible on their own. i was _13_ what my birth mother might be doing and what she might look like. i created a(n) _14_ in my head.after a long process, the

22、 moment finally camewe reunited.she said she had made a(n) _15_ decision, when watching me leave with only the hope that another family could provide what she couldnt. she said she hesitated for long but knew she was right. i knew she loved me very much.1a. familiar bugly cold dunclear2a. into bto c

23、at don3a. stood up bcame up cwarmed up dgrew up4a. however bmeanwhile ctherefore dinstead5a. help bstop cincrease darrive6a. figure bpick cturn dsort7a. request bappreciation csupport dforgiveness8a. delayed bupdated crefused dexplained9a. important bdiscouraging cdifferent dabstract10a. now that bi

24、n case ceven though donly if11a. continued bmanaged cagreed dhappened12a. what bthat cwho dwhich13a. wondering bconsulting cguaranteeing danticipating14a. schedule bpicture cdream derror15a. necessary bquick cimpossible ddifficult.語法填空2020山東省聊城市高考模擬一1._ (locate)in the northeast of italy, venice is k

25、nown as the “floating city”. it is made up of over 100 small islands, which are connected by waterways and bridges. 2._ (fortunate), water is also putting venice in great danger. salt water is slowly damaging the bases of venices buildings. the floating city is, in fact, sinking.more problems are ca

26、used by floods, 3._ usually hit the city each winter. but these floods could now be a thing of the past thanks to a new flood 4._ (prevent) project. venice lies in 5._ middle of a lagoon. rain and strong winds cause seawater to travel through the natural gaps to venice. dozens of gates 6._ (build) t

27、o hold back the sea until now. each of these gates is 20 meters wide, 7._ the longest one about 30 meters long. in the event of a big rise in the water level, the gates will be raised 8._ (separate) the city from the sea.but only time will tell 9._ this project is the right solution. the important t

28、hing is that action is being taken to protect this unique city for future generations. and if it works，it means a longer, 10._ (dry) future for venice.高考題型重組練(七).閱讀理解a語篇類型：記敘文主題語境：人與社會(huì)發(fā)明創(chuàng)造銅制鱗甲的發(fā)明過程文章大意文章講述了macinley butson通過自己的研究與努力，制造出了銅制的鱗甲，可以用于減少癌癥病人在放射性治療中所遭受的不必要的輻射。1答案與解析：d考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段第二句“but sh

29、e only began researching the side effects of.in his work”可知，在她的父親談?wù)撚嘘P(guān)他工作中無效的癌癥治療經(jīng)歷后，她才開始研究放射治療的副作用。由此可知，macinley butson開始自己的研究是為了找到治療癌癥的有效方法。故選d。2答案與解析：a考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的“as she went deeper in her research”以及第三句中的“an idea hit this australian teen”可知，macinley butson是在深入研究的過程中，無意中發(fā)現(xiàn)這一條重要信息的，并且根據(jù)這一條信息再

30、加上受所看的中世紀(jì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)電影的啟發(fā)，她有了一個(gè)主意。由此可知，“stumbled upon”的含義與a項(xiàng)“偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)”相近，故選a。3答案與解析：d考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第四句“when she saw the scale (鱗) patterns of the mail (鎧甲), she was inspired to create a wearable protective tool out of copper”可知，macinley butson是從士兵的鎧甲上獲得發(fā)明靈感的，故選d。4答案與解析：b考查推理判斷。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知，macinley butson通過查閱科學(xué)雜志進(jìn)行放射治

31、療的副作用方面的研究。隨著研究的深入，她知道了銅在保護(hù)皮膚免受輻射方面有效，又受所看的中世紀(jì)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)電影中士兵所穿的鱗甲的啟發(fā)而發(fā)明出了可減少癌癥病人在放射性治療中所遭受的不必要的輻射的銅制鱗甲smart。由此可知，她是非常具有創(chuàng)造力的。故選b。b語篇類型：說明文主題語境：人與社會(huì)人與科學(xué)公民科學(xué)家文章大意數(shù)個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，只有少數(shù)普通人為科學(xué)作出了貢獻(xiàn)，但科技的進(jìn)步已經(jīng)為科學(xué)帶來了更高水平的民主化，科學(xué)是任何人都能參與的，每個(gè)人都有可能成為科學(xué)家。5答案與解析：b考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段中的“only a few ordinary people.to science”可知，科技的進(jìn)步為科學(xué)帶來了更高

32、水平的民主化，從而使更多的普通人也能參與科學(xué)研究，促成了公民科學(xué)家的出現(xiàn)，故選b。6答案與解析：c考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“and thats good, because people who do that notice the unusual things in a data set”可知，在模式識(shí)別方面，人類與機(jī)器相比，人類的優(yōu)勢(shì)在于其能夠注意到一些不尋常的東西，故c項(xiàng)正確。7答案與解析：a考查觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度。根據(jù)第三段lintott表述的科學(xué)人人都能參與，第四段他表述的公民科學(xué)家有自身的優(yōu)勢(shì)和尾段中他說的話“people think that were intelligent, bu

33、t science is easy and we need your help”可推知，lintott支持公民科學(xué)，故選a。8答案與解析：c考查主旨大意。文章第一段以表述澳大利亞汽車修理工andrew grey成為公民科學(xué)家來引入話題，接著又講到天體物理學(xué)家chris lintott和sheila jasanoff對(duì)于公民科學(xué)的看法，并結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段中的“scientists still welcome help from everyday people”可知，本文主要肯定了公民科學(xué)家，表達(dá)了任何人都可能成為科學(xué)家的觀點(diǎn)，故c項(xiàng)最適合作文章標(biāo)題。.完形填空文章大意本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作

34、者從小被收養(yǎng)在一個(gè)家庭中，但一直想要尋找自己親生父母，經(jīng)過努力最終找到親生父母并見面的故事。1答案與解析：a句意：我站在那里，眼里含著淚水。我看著一張熟悉的臉，我可能會(huì)誤以為是我自己的臉。根據(jù)第一句話 “眼里含著淚水”以及后文可知，這個(gè)人是作者的親生母親。所以是一張熟悉的臉龐。2答案與解析：c根據(jù)“ in disbelief”可知，作者不敢相信地盯著她，stare at盯著，沒有其他搭配，故選c。3答案與解析：d句意：我在很小的時(shí)候就被收養(yǎng)了，在我成長(zhǎng)的過程中，身邊都是我深愛的家人。根據(jù)surrounded by people i loved as family可知，作者在成長(zhǎng)的過程中，作者身

35、邊都是作者深愛的家人。4答案與解析：a根據(jù)句意“然而，這些面貌并不像我”可知，前后句意為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。5答案與解析：b句意：隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng)，想更多了解自己的好奇心占據(jù)了我的內(nèi)心，而且沒有停止過。根據(jù)下文who was i? where did i come from? 可知，作者想要了解自己的內(nèi)心從未停止。6答案與解析：a句意：在我21歲的時(shí)候，多虧了養(yǎng)父母的支持，我才有機(jī)會(huì)找到答案。figure out查清楚，弄明白； 復(fù)合語句，故選a。7答案與解析：c根據(jù)下文 “they accompanied me to the adoption agency.”養(yǎng)父母他們陪作者去了收養(yǎng)機(jī)構(gòu)。”可知，養(yǎng)父母

36、是對(duì)作者的想法表示支持。8答案與解析：d根據(jù)下文i didnt expect there would be many complex procedures可知，工作人員向作者解釋了尋找生母的過程，作者沒有想到會(huì)有很多復(fù)雜的程序。9答案與解析：b句意：但是這個(gè)過程是令人沮喪的，我沒有想到會(huì)有很多復(fù)雜的程序。根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折詞but可知，前后句式轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，與前文作者得到支持尋找生母高興的心情形成對(duì)比，且句子中提到有很多復(fù)雜的程序，故選b。10答案與解析：b句意：此外，為了保護(hù)雙方的隱私，特別是以防在我的生母不愿與我見面的情況下，該機(jī)構(gòu)在實(shí)施程序時(shí)也很謹(jǐn)慎。11答案與解析：c根據(jù)we were excited可知，作者的生母同意見面了，故選c。12答案與解析：d句意：我的父母說，我的生母在把我送人的過程中做出了巨大的犧牲，這才讓他們能夠支撐這個(gè)家庭。先行詞是前面整句話，屬于非限制性定語從句，從句中缺少主語，用which, 故選d。13答案與解析：a根據(jù)常識(shí)以及“what my birth mother might be doing and what she might look like.”可知，作者想知道自己的生母是做什么的，她長(zhǎng)什么樣。故選a。14答案與解析：b作者在沒有見到生母之前，作者一直在幻想生母的樣子，所以腦海中會(huì)出現(xiàn)畫面。15答案與