名詞性從句的評講

1、表語從句表語從句表語從句的定義：表語從句在復合句中作主句表語從句的定義：表語從句在復合句中作主句的表語。的表語。結(jié)構(gòu)是結(jié)構(gòu)是“主語主語+系動詞系動詞+表語從句表語從句”?？梢越颖碚Z從句的可以接表語從句的系動詞有系動詞有be, look, remain, seem等。等。連接詞：連接詞：that / whether /as if /as though連接代詞：連接代詞：who / whom / whose / which / what 連接副詞：連接副詞：when / where / why / how / because 1.The question is whether we can rel

2、y on him.2.Thats because we were in need of money at that time .3.He looked as if he was going to cry .4.Thats why I was late .引導詞的用法（一）引導詞的用法（一）that在表語從句中在表語從句中 既不充當成分也沒有意義，既不充當成分也沒有意義，但是不能省略。但是不能省略。The fact is that he hasnt yet recover from illness. The reason why he has to go is that his mother i

3、s ill in bed.引導詞的用法（二）引導詞的用法（二）whether在表語從句中表在表語從句中表“是否是否” ,但不充當句但不充當句子的成分。子的成分。if 不能引導表語從句不能引導表語從句.如如:1.What the doctor really doubts is whether my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.2. The question is whether it is worth doing.引導詞的用法（三）引導詞的用法（三）what 在表語從句中充當在表語從句中充當主語、賓語或表語主語、賓語或表語，

4、表示，表示什么，什么樣子，什么，什么樣子，或所或所的（人或事）的（人或事）1. The question is what caused the accident. 2. That mountain is no longer what it used to be .3. What he told you was what had been discussed at the meeting.引導詞的用法（四）引導詞的用法（四）who 在表語從句中充當在表語從句中充當主語、賓語或表語主語、賓語或表語，表示，表示誰誰.1. The problem is who could do the work2.

5、My trouble is who (whom) I can turn to引導詞的用法（五）引導詞的用法（五）which 在引導表語從句時在引導表語從句時,常充當常充當定語定語,表語表語， 表示表示其中哪一個其中哪一個如：如： I read about it in some book or another,but what I dont know is which (book) it is. 引導詞的用法（六）引導詞的用法（六）由由as if ,as though引導表語從句，表示好像。句子中的系動詞常用引導表語從句，表示好像。句子中的系動詞常用look, appear, seem等。等。1

6、. It looks as if it was doing to rain.2. The young man with long hair looks as if he were a girl. 引導詞的用法（七）引導詞的用法（七）經(jīng)典句型經(jīng)典句型:The reason why.is that. . 的原因的原因 是是.It/That/This was because . 原因是原因是. 例如例如 : 1. The reason why I was late was that I missed the train. 2. I was late. It/That/This was because

7、 I missed the train.引導詞的用法（八）引導詞的用法（八）當表語從句中主語、賓語、表語具備，但是還是要表示疑問含當表語從句中主語、賓語、表語具備，但是還是要表示疑問含義，可以判斷句子中缺少狀語，常常用相應的特殊疑問詞引義，可以判斷句子中缺少狀語，常常用相應的特殊疑問詞引導，有導，有why, when, where, how等等This is how he did it.That is why the brothers wanted to make a bet.Thats why weve given you the letter.表語從句引導詞注意事項表語從句引導詞注意事項1

8、. that引導表語從句時不能省引導表語從句時不能省.2. if不能引導表語從句不能引導表語從句.3.除除that外的所有引導詞都有自己的意義。外的所有引導詞都有自己的意義。4. 除除that, whether外的所有引導詞都須在從句中充當相應的成分外的所有引導詞都須在從句中充當相應的成分 練習：練習： 1. Thats _ he called on us to do.2.Jane is no longer _ she was four years ago.3. The reason why he hasnt come is _ his mother is ill That is _ we w

9、ere late last time. 4. _your father wants to know is_ getting on with your studies.5. My hope is _he will become a doctor in the future. 6. Our village is no longer _over twenty years ago. 7. Doesnt Mr. Smith live on this street? -No .This is _Mr. Brown lives. 賓語從句的講解與練習賓語從句的講解與練習1 在句中擔當賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓

10、語從句可作謂語動詞在句中擔當賓語的從句叫賓語從句，賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語的賓語，也可做介詞的賓語, 還可以做形容詞的賓語。還可以做形容詞的賓語。eg： He said he was good at drawing. (動詞賓語動詞賓語) Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語介詞賓語) I am happy that you can come to my party. (形容詞賓語）形容詞賓語）2 賓語從句的引導詞有三類：賓語從句的引導詞有三類：(1) 以以that 引導的賓語從句，主要用來引導句形式的賓語從句，引導的賓語從

11、句，主要用來引導句形式的賓語從句， that可以省略。但第二個以上的可以省略。但第二個以上的that不能省。不能省。eg: The radio says (that) the clouds will lift later on. She told me (that) she would like to go with us. I said that you are a good boy and that you are good at math.(2) 以連接代詞以連接代詞which, what, who等或連接副詞等或連接副詞how, where, why 等等引導的賓語從句，引導的賓語從句

12、，從句是陳述語序從句是陳述語序eg : Could you tell me where you live? I want to know how soon it will begin.(3) 以以 whether 或或 if 引導的賓語從句引導的賓語從句, 主要用來引導一般疑問句意主要用來引導一般疑問句意思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序思或選擇疑問句意思的賓語從句，從句同樣是陳述語序eg: I wonder if /whether you have told the new to Li Lei .3賓語從句的時態(tài)賓語從句的時態(tài)(1) 當主句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)、或一般將

13、當主句為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)、現(xiàn)在進行時態(tài)、或一般將來時態(tài)時，從句可用所需要的任何時態(tài)。來時態(tài)時，從句可用所需要的任何時態(tài)。 eg: I want to know what time he got up this morning. You are telling me that you wont stop until tomorrow?(2) 當主句為一般過去時態(tài)時，從句要用于過去有關(guān)的當主句為一般過去時態(tài)時，從句要用于過去有關(guān)的時態(tài)。時態(tài)。eg: They asked what Jean was doing now . Linda said that the train had left.(3) 當

14、從句表述的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時，賓語從句當從句表述的是客觀真理或自然現(xiàn)象時，賓語從句要使用一般現(xiàn)在時。要使用一般現(xiàn)在時。eg: Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound. The teacher said that the sun rises in the east.練習：練習：1. I am sure _ you said is true.2. I dont know _he is at home or not.3.This depends on _ the weather is fine.4. The teacher asked

15、 the new student _ class he was in.5. - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said? David?6. I hardly understand_ he has told me.7. She asked me if I knew _pen it was. 主語從句的講解與練習主語從句的講解與練習1. 定義定義: 在復合句中充當主語的句子叫做主語從句在復合句中充當主語的句子叫做主語從句.主語從句的時態(tài)：不受主句的時態(tài)影響和限制。（1）That he finished writing the

16、 composition in such a short time surprised us all.（2）Whether we will go for an outing tomorrow remains unknown.（3）Who will be our monitor hasnt been decided yet.（4）Whom we must learn from is a question of great importance.（5）What caused the accident remains unknown.（6）Whatever you did is right.（7）W

17、hose watch was lost is unknown.（8）What we need is time.（9）What we need are good doctors.小結(jié)小結(jié):(1) 引導主語從句的引導詞有：引導主語從句的引導詞有：連詞：連詞： that, whether，引導主語從句，不能，引導主語從句，不能用用if連接代詞：連接代詞： who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever等等連接副詞：連接副詞： where, when, how, why等等 (2) 連詞連詞位于句首不能省略位于句首不能省略（3)

18、主語從句做主語是大多數(shù)情況下視為三主語從句做主語是大多數(shù)情況下視為三單單 為了防止句子頭重腳輕，通常把形式主語為了防止句子頭重腳輕，通常把形式主語it放在句首，把真正的主放在句首，把真正的主語擱置于句末語擱置于句末It 作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句作形式主語代替主語從句，主要是為了平衡句子結(jié)構(gòu)，主語從句的連接詞沒有變化。的連接詞沒有變化。It is a pity that you didnt go to see the film. 2. 用用it 作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu)作形式主語的結(jié)構(gòu) (1) It is 名詞從句名詞從句 It is a fact that 事實是事實是

19、 It is an honor that 非常榮幸非常榮幸 It is common knowledge that 是常識是常識 (2) it is 形容詞從句形容詞從句 It is natural that 很自然很自然 It is strange that 奇怪的是奇怪的是 (3) it 不及物動詞從句不及物動詞從句 It seems that 似乎似乎 It happened that 碰巧碰巧 (4) it is過去分詞從句過去分詞從句 It is reported that 據(jù)報道據(jù)報道 / It is said that. 據(jù)說據(jù)說.練習：練習：1_ they are most i

20、nterested in is how they can produce more and better cars.2. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 3. _ surprised me most was that such a little boy of seven could play the violin so well.4. _ the boy didnt take medicine made his mother angry.5. _ we cant have seems better than what we

21、have.6. _is going to do the job will be decided by(由由決定）決定） the CEO.7. _you come or not is up to you.翻譯下列句子：翻譯下列句子：1. 很明顯他已經(jīng)盡力而為了。很明顯他已經(jīng)盡力而為了。_2. 他們什么時候來還不知道。他們什么時候來還不知道。_3. 她渴望的是更多的錢。她渴望的是更多的錢。_4. 犯人是如何逃跑的是個迷。犯人是如何逃跑的是個迷。_5. 不論誰來都歡迎。不論誰來都歡迎。_6. 我們明天是否在戶外開晚會要看天氣而定。我們明天是否在戶外開晚會要看天氣而定。_ 同位語從句講義及練習同位語從

22、句講義及練習在主從復合句中作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。常在主從復合句中作同位語的從句稱為同位語從句。常放在放在fact,news,idea,truth,hope,problem,information,wish, promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion,等抽象名詞后面，等抽象名詞后面，說明該名說明該名詞的具體內(nèi)容。詞的具體內(nèi)容。例：例：1. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.2. The

23、 report that he was going to resign was false. 3. Information has been put forward that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. 正確運用同位語從句的引導詞，準確把握同位語從句正確運用同位語從句的引導詞，準確把握同位語從句1.如同位語從句意義完整，應用如同位語從句意義完整，應用that引導同位語從句。（即引導同位語從句。（即that 不充當任何成分，只起連接作用）不充當任何成分，只起連接作用）例：例：The genera

24、l gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.2.如同位語從句意義不完整，需增加如同位語從句意義不完整，需增加是否是否的含義，應用的含義，應用whether引導同位語從句。（引導同位語從句。（if不能引導同位語從句）不能引導同位語從句）例：例：Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.3.如同位語從句意義不完整，需增加如同位語從句意義不完整，需增加什么時候什么時候、什么地點什么地點、什么方式什么方式等含義，

25、應用等含義，應用when,where,how等詞引導同位語從等詞引導同位語從句。句。例例1：I have no idea when he will be back. 例例2：I have no impression how he went home, perhaps by bike. 4.當主句的謂語較短，而同位語從句較長時，同位語從句常后置。當主句的謂語較短，而同位語從句較長時，同位語從句常后置。如：如：The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city. 練習：練習：1.The fact _ she works hard is well known to us all. 2. The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.