英語高考高效備考之直接引語變間接引語

1、 直接引語改變?yōu)殚g接引語直接引語改變?yōu)殚g接引語：1、直接引語如果是陳述句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時注意：不用引號,而用連接詞that,但有時可省略。人稱作相應(yīng)變化；主句里的動詞如果是過去時,在間接引語中作相應(yīng)改變： 如：He says,I am from the USA.” He says that he is from the USA. Mr Smith said to his girl friend,“ I haven t seen you for a long time.” Mr Smith said to his girl friend that he had not seen her for

2、a long time.直接引語改變?yōu)殚g接引語直接引語改變?yōu)殚g接引語2、直接引語如果是一般疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,需用從屬連接詞whether或if引導(dǎo),詞序要改變。 Lily said to Miss Green, Is it made in China?” Lily asked Miss Green if it was made in China. 3、直接引語如果是特殊疑問句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,需用疑問詞引導(dǎo), 詞序是：連詞+主語+謂語。 Lucy said to me, “How can I help?” Lucy asked me how she could help.4、直接引語如是

3、祈使句,變間接引語時,須變?yōu)閯釉~不定式,并在動詞不定式前用tell, ask, order. He said to the boy,“ Come here,young man! ” He asked the boy to go there.講解注意點(diǎn)直接引語變間接引語要注意以下變化。 連接詞 語序 時態(tài) 指代(人稱、指示代詞、時間狀語和地點(diǎn)狀語)注意注意連接詞的變化連接詞的變化1.直接引語為陳述句，用that做連接詞。 He said, “Jim likes it very much.” He said that he liked it very much. 2.直接引語為一般疑問句，用if或

4、wether做連接詞。 He asks, “Is Jim tired ？” He asked me if Jim was tired. 3.直接引語為特殊疑問句，用特殊疑問句的疑問詞做連接詞。 The teacher said, “What are you doing?” The teacher asked me what I was doing. 注意語序變化注意語序變化 如果“直接引語”是疑問句時，我們必須要把疑問語序變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序（主語在謂語前面）。She asked：“Where does Jim go every Sunday?” She asked where Jim went ev

5、ery Sunday. The robot asked: “Are you happy?”The robot asked if I was happy. She asked “Will they fly to China?” She asked if they would fly to China?” 時態(tài)變化時態(tài)變化 如果主句的謂語動詞是現(xiàn)在時,從句的時態(tài)不變。 She says her mother will come to see her. 若主句的謂語動詞是一般過去時，從句的謂語動詞相應(yīng)變化。 She said her mother would come to see her. 1.

6、He says to me: “they are playing football.” He says to me that they were playing football2. He says : “they have finished the homework already” He said that they had finished the homework already3.The teacher asks: “What did they do last night?” The teacher asked what they had done last night若從句表達(dá)的是

7、客觀真理時，即使主句是過去時，從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時。Few people knew the earth is around at that time. 人稱的變化 在這方面英語和漢語有許多相似之處，要根據(jù)句義做相應(yīng)的人稱代詞的變化。 通常情況下，直接引語中第一人稱I/we 常變?yōu)槠渌朔Q（要根據(jù)句子的具體含義做變化）。 1.She said to me, “I broke your CD player.” She told me that she had broken my CD player. 2.He said to her, “I broke your CD player.” He to

8、ld her that he had broken her CD player. 直接引語 間接引語 一般現(xiàn)在時 一般過去時 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 過去進(jìn)行時 現(xiàn)在完成時 過去完成時 一般過去時 過去完成時 過去完成時 過去完成時（不變） 一般將來時 過去將來時 can could may might指示代詞、時間狀語、地點(diǎn)狀語和動詞的變化 指示代詞： this that these those時間狀語： now then today that daythis week/month/year that week/month/year Yesterday he day beforethe day befo

9、re yesterday two days beforelast week/month/year the week/month/year beforethree days (a year) ago three days (a year) beforetomorrow the next/following daythe day after tomorrow two days later next week/month/year the next (following) week/month/year地點(diǎn)狀語: here there動詞: come go 祈使句變間接引語 若直接引語是祈使句，要將

10、祈使句的動詞原形變?yōu)閹o的不定式，并在不定式的前面根據(jù)句子的意思加上tell, ask, order等動詞，運(yùn)用短語tell/ ask/order sb. to do sth.。 如果祈使句為否定句，在不定式前面加not。 1.“Make sure the door is shut.” He told his little son to make sure the door was shut. 2.“Dont cry any more.” He said to his little sister. He asked his little sister not to cry any more.

11、 Im lazy. He said he was lazy.Im hard-working sometimes. He said he was hard-working sometimes. Im good at riding motorbikes. He said he was good at riding motorbikes.Im better at dancing than singing.He said he was better at dancing than singing. I can do better in swimming.He said he could do bett

12、er in swimming. 做題技巧：判斷句式，選對連接詞去引號，整理成句根據(jù)主句的時態(tài)和人稱，變語序和時態(tài)，變指代 1. Mum said, “I would like to have some noodles.” Mum said that she would like to have some noodles. 2. “What can I do for you?” he asked me. He asked me what he could do for me.3.“Dont look out of the window.” the teacher said angrily. to

13、 her. The teacher asked her not to look out of the window.陳述 He said, “Do you often hear him sing?” He I often him sing . Mother said to me, “Can you go shopping with me?” Mother me I go shopping with . Tom asked, “Lucy, did you hand in your homework?” Tom asked Lucy if had handed in homework. Bill

14、said to Bob, “Do you agree with me?” Bill Bob agreed with .一般問句 He said, “Do you often hear him sing?” He I often him sing . Mother said to me, “Can you go shopping with me?” Mother me I go shopping with . Tom asked, “Lucy, did you hand in your homework?” Tom asked Lucy if had handed in homework. Bi

15、ll said to Bob, “Do you agree with me?” Bill Bob agreed with .特殊問句 “Whats the matter with you?” he asked me. He asked me what the matter with me. He asked, “ How far is it from here to your home?” He asked how far from here to my home. Our teacher asked Tom, “where do you live?” Our teacher asked To

16、m where he .祈使句 She said to me, “Please have a cup of tea.” She me have a cup of tea. My mother said, “Dont make so much noise, Tom.” My mother Tom make so much noise. 1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat. 2. “Ive found my wallet.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.

17、3. “I took it home with me.” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her. 4. The teacher said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.” The teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west. 5. “I met her yesterday.” he said to me. He _ me that he _ met the day _. 6. “Y

18、ou must come here before five.” he said. He said that I _ to go _ before five.練習(xí)練習(xí) 7. “I bought the house 10 years ago.” he said. He said that he _ bought the house 10 years _. 8. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _. 9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.” He _ Jim th

19、at he _ sit there 10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?” He asked her mother _ _ _ found it. 11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked. He asked me _ _ _been _ days. 12. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked. He asked _ _ knew where she _. 13. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he s

20、aid. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise. 14. “Dont tell him the news.” she said. She told me _ _ _ him the news. 15. “Are you intested in this?” he said. He _ _ I was interestd in _. 【參考答案】 1. he, ate 2. told, had, found, his 3. she, had, taken 4. rise, goes 5. told, had, before 6. had, ther

21、e 7. had, before 8. asked, if whether, before 9. told, could 10. how, she, had 11. where, I, had, those 12. if whether, I, lived 13. told, to, stop 14. not, to, tell 15. asked, if whether, that 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1.He said he _(go ) _(visit) my home this week.2. “ I dont want to surprise you.” He

22、 said . He said _.3. “ I will write a letter to my parents.” The girl said.The girl said _ _.4.-What are you doing? -I _(爬樹）。爬樹）。5.What did you say? -I said _(我身體健康。）我身體健康。）would go visitinghe didnt want to surprise me.she would write a letter to her parents.am climbing a tree.I was in a good health

23、7.”Im going home now.”she said. She said_8. “I will call you tomorrow morning.”Alice said to Tom. Alice _ Tom _9. “We are having a surprise party for Linda now.” Marcia said_10. “You can do better.”His father said to him. His father _him _11. “I should try my best next time.” Jack thought. Jack thou

24、ght _12. “Were not going to have lessons this afternoon.” The boy said to his father_.she was going home then.told she would call him.they were having a for then.told he could do better.he should try his best the next time.told they were not going to have lessons that afternoon. 考查題1.He said , “I am

25、 not your friend .” - He said( that) he was not my friend.2.She said “ I will come this morning.”-She said( that) she would go that morning 3.She said , “I went there yesterday.”-She said (that) she had gone there the day before .4. “we wont be free tonight,”the students said.-The students said that they wouldnt be free that night.5.“I am expecting a letter from my mother,” Betty said.-Betty said that she was expec