省略句+練習(xí)13頁

1、省略句為了使話說得簡(jiǎn)明扼要，英語句子中某個(gè)單詞、短語甚至從句或主句都可以省去。這種省去句子某些成分而保持句子意思不變的現(xiàn)象，稱為省略（ellipsis）種類例句說明主語的省略Beautiful day (= It is a beautiful day), isnt it?Pity we live so far from the sea. (It is a pity we live so far from the sea.)有時(shí)也可省略整個(gè)句子的主語和謂語，只保留次要成分。She was poor but (she was) honest.-Did you know anything about

2、 the accident?-Not until you told me. (= I didnt know anything about it until you told me.)謂語的省略-what do you think made Mary so upset?-Losing her new bicycle (made Mary so upset).狀語從句的省略Seen from the plane (when it is seen from the plane), the house looks like tiny toys.If (it is) possible, Ill go t

3、here with you.注意狀語從句中的主語同主句主語的一致性。不定式的省略The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him not to. (not to ride his bicycle in the street.)-Alice, why didnt you come yesterday?-I was going to (come yesterday), but I had an unexpected visitor.若不定式后面是完成時(shí)，省略時(shí)應(yīng)保留have；不定式后含有動(dòng)詞be的結(jié)構(gòu)

4、時(shí)，也要保留be動(dòng)詞。-Did you tell him the news?-I ought to have (told him the news), but I didnt know how to speak.-Are you an engineer?-No, but I want to be.、狀語從句中的省略用法一、 如果從句的主語和主句的主語一致，且從句的謂語含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式（am/is/are/was/were），可同時(shí)省略從句的主語和be動(dòng)詞的某種形式。1、 when，while,till,untill, once所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句e.g. Do be careful wh

5、en (you are) crossing the street. When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her.2、 if，unless，once引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment. Ill not go to the party unless (I am) invited. Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished

6、.3、 though，although，whether，no matter whether/what/how/who等引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor. Whether (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful. No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time.（注：從句的主語和主句的主語不一致時(shí)，只省略從句中的be動(dòng)詞形式）4、 as if，as though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語

7、從句e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after a long sleep.He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.（as if/though + to do表示一個(gè)將來的動(dòng)作）1. Dont talk when/while ( ) eating .2.When/While ( ) in Paris , she picked up a lot of French .3.He had an accident while ( ) on his wa

8、y home .4.When/While ( ) waiting the bus , he was reading a newspaper.5.When ( ) asked why he was late , he said he missed the early bus .6.When/While ( ) still a boy , he began to support himself .7. I cant do it until ( ) told how .8. She is so shy that she never speaks first until ( ) spoken to .

9、 9. If ( ) operated by computer in the future , many of the trains will have no drivers .10. If ( )heated to a higher temperature , water will be turned into steam .11.Unless ( ) invited , I wont go .12.Once ( ) seen , it will never be forgotten .13.Though ( ) young , he knows a lot .14. Even if / E

10、ven though ( ) invited , he wont go .15. They looked around the room as if ( they were ) looking for something .16. He opened his mouth as if (he was ) to say something .17.If (it is) possible / necessary , hell go there .18.The boys will go out to play football whenever ( it is ) possible .19.He is

11、 much taller than ( he is ) expected .20.When _ , the museum will open to the public next year . A.completed. B.completing C.being completed D. to be completed 21.The flowers his friend gave him will die unless _every day. A.watered B. watering C. water D. to water 注：1.before與 after作為介詞后可以跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞。2.

12、連詞 + 形容詞/其它 如:if so(如果如此), if necessary(如果有必要),if possible,when necessary,if any(如果有) , whenever possible.練習(xí)：1.When first _ to the market , the kind of product didnt attract much attention. A. introduced B. introducing C. was introduced D. being introduced現(xiàn)就把各種狀語從句的省略現(xiàn)象列舉如下： 一、時(shí)間狀語從句中的省略 When (she w

13、as) very young, she began to learn to play the piano. While (I was) at college, I began to know him, a strange but able student. When arriving, send me a telegram. (When you arrive, send me a telegram.) Before leaving, turn off all the lights. (Before you leave, turn off all the lights.) Dont come i

14、n until (you are) asked to. Whenever (it is )possible, you should come and help. You should let us know the result as soon as(it is) possible. 你應(yīng)盡快讓我們知道結(jié)果。 注：as在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句時(shí)，沒有這種省略現(xiàn)象。我們不可說As walking, she found a nice shining thing on the ground. 二、地點(diǎn)狀語從句中的省略 地點(diǎn)狀語從句的省略常用下列結(jié)構(gòu)：where(ver) possible, where(v

15、er) necessary, Lay these books where possible you can find them easily. 把這些書放在你可能容易找到的地方。 Put in articles wherever necessary in the following passages. 在下列文章中需要的地方填入冠詞。 三、條件狀語從句中的省略 常用的句型是：if necessary, if possible, if true, if anyone等。如： Send the goods now if (they are) ready. 貨物如果準(zhǔn)備好了，請(qǐng)送過來。 He wil

16、l come if (he is) asked. 如果叫他來，他就來。 If (it is) necessary, ring me at home. 如果有可能，朝我家里打電話。 Come along with me if (it is) possible. 如果有可能和我一起去吧.。 If (it is) true, this will casue us a lot of trouble. There are few people nowadays, if (there are) any, who remember him. You should stay where you are, un

17、less (you are) asked to leave. 四、讓步狀語從句中的省略 He is a good man, though sometimes (he is) rather dull. Even if (I am ) invited to, I wont go to such a bad lecture. 五、比較狀語從句中的省略 She can play the piano just as wonderfully as you (do). 她鋼琴?gòu)椀奈夷銖椀囊粯雍谩?She has finished the work earlier than (it has been ) ex

18、pected. 她這項(xiàng)工作比預(yù)料的提前完成。 六、方式狀語從句中的省略 as if/as though后還可加n./a./ad./介詞短語現(xiàn)在分詞過去分詞不定式。 He acts as if (he were) a fool. 他的行為舉止好象是個(gè)傻子。 She talked to the stranger as if (she were) absent-minded. 她和陌生人談話似乎很不在意。 He opened the desk, as if (he was) in search of something important. 他打抽屜仿佛要找一件什么重要的東西。 The boy is

19、 running impatiently here and there as if (he is) searching for something lost on the sports ground. The football player is rolling on the ground as if (he is) hurt badly in the leg. He moved his lips as if (he wanted )to speak. 他的嘴動(dòng)著仿佛要說什么二、 than，as引導(dǎo)的比較狀語從句中的省略用法：當(dāng)不同的主語進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，一般省略從句中的謂語；當(dāng)從句中的主語與謂語（

20、be動(dòng)詞除外）和主句中的主語與謂語相同時(shí)，通常省略從句中的主語和謂語，只保留比較部分。e.g. He is taller than his brother (is). I have as much as confidence in you as (I have confidence) in him.三、 以if從句為代表的狀語從句中的特殊省略用法：通常省略了it is，that is，there is/are。e.g. If (it is) possible/necessary, this old temple will be rebuilt. If (that is) so, I will

21、call you back at 5:00 pm. There are only a few books in our school library, if (there are) any.、定語從句中的省略用法關(guān)系詞的省略 關(guān)系代詞that，which，whom等在限制性定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語且不位于介詞之后時(shí)，可以省略；in which或that在先行詞way后作方式狀語從句時(shí)可省略。e.g. The man (that/who/whom) you visited last night is my grandpa. I dont like the way (in which/that) you

22、 treat the girl.、虛擬語氣中if及should的省略1、 if從句中有were，had，should等時(shí)省略if，把它們提至句首，形成倒裝句。e.g. If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. = Were I a teacher, I would be strict with my students.2、 Suggest，insist，order，require等表示建議、要求、命令的動(dòng)詞后接的從句中，謂語動(dòng)詞常用“should+動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。e.g. The doctor sugge

23、sted that he (should) try to lose weight.、不定式符號(hào)to的省略1、 感官動(dòng)詞see，hear，feel，watch等和使役動(dòng)詞have，make，let等后接不定式作賓語時(shí)，不定式省略to。(一感feel,二聽hear, listen to, 三讓have, let, make,四看see, look at, observe, watch)2、 do nothing but，cant help but等結(jié)構(gòu)常接省略to的不定式。E.g. We didnt do anything but stay at home watching TV yesterda

24、y. Hearing the news, she couldnt help but cry.3、 在特定語境中為了避免重復(fù)，當(dāng)不定式再次出現(xiàn)時(shí)，在want，wish，hope，try，plan，like，love，hate后往往只保留to，而省略后面的動(dòng)詞。但不定式后有be，have時(shí)，也保留be和have。E.g. My parents encouraged me to go to college, but I didnt want to.、So和not的替代性省略用于避免重復(fù)前面所說過的內(nèi)容，替代詞so/not替代肯定或否定的名詞性從句?？膳cbelieve，do，expect，fear，g

25、uess，hope，say，speak，suppose，think，Im afraid等連用e.g. Do you suppose he is going to attend the meeting? I suppose not.、日常交際中的省略在情景會(huì)話中，答語常常省略不會(huì)引起歧義的主語、謂語或賓語部分，而只保留對(duì)方希望了解的內(nèi)容。在復(fù)合句或并列句中，也有省略主、謂、賓的情況。e.g. How many copies do you want? - (I want) Three copies, please. - Have you ever been to the Great Wall? -

26、 No, (I have) never (been to the Great Wall).隨堂練習(xí)：1、Lucy，could you please spare me a few minutes? _，but I hope a few minutes wont turn into a few hours. A. It doesnt matter B. Thats kind of youC. Im afraid notD. I guess so3、The doctor expresses his strong desire that the patient _ immediately.A. be

27、operated onB. operated on C. was operated onD. would be operated on4、When he came back, he found the bag he had _ over the seat was gone.A. left to hang B. left hanging C. left hung D. to leave hanging5、Liu Xiang spoke slowly to the Special Olympic competitors so as to have them_. A understand himB.

28、 to be understoodC. be understoodD. to understand him6、Are there any English story books for us students in the library? There are only a few, _. A if any B. if have C. if some D. if has8、Does Betty know where her violin is? She saw somebody walking off with one, but she doesnt know_.A. whose B. it

29、C. whom D. which9、Arent you the manager? No, and I _.A. dont want B. dont want to C. dont want to be D. dont10、How are you getting on with your work? Oh, Im sorry. Things arent going so well as_.A. plans B. planning C. plannedD. to plan11、Whats the matter with you? I didnt pass the test, but I still

30、_.A. hope so B. hope to C. hope it D. hope that12、The doctor did what he could _ the boy, but in vain.A. save B. to save C. saving D. saved13You look happy today, Mary. I like my new dress and Mother _, too.A. likes B. does C. is D. do14、What happened to the boy? He was making so much noise. He want

31、ed to play football, but his mother warned him _A. not B. toC. not to D./15、_ for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang.A. If it is notB. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not省略句練習(xí)1. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introd

32、uced C. introduce D. being introduced 2. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss.A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned 3. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing B

33、. having seen C. to have seen D. to see 4. Generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken 5. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. havi

34、ng invited 6. When _ , the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed 7. Though _ money, his parents man-aged to send him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in 8. The research is so designed that once _ nothi

35、ng can be done to change it.A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun 9. You re always working. Come on, lets go shopping. _ you ever want to do is going shopping.A. Anything B. Something C. All D. That 10. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explained B.

36、 what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained 11. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 12. It is easy to do the repair. _ you need is a hammer and some nails. A. Something B. All C. Both D. Everything 13. T

37、hats an unpleasant thing to say about your father after _ hes done for you. A. something B. anything C. all D. that 14. As youve never been there before, Ill have someone _ you the way. A. to show B. show C. showing D. showed 15. Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking after my cat? N

38、ot at all, _ . A. I have no time B. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Id be happy to 16. Does your brother intend to study German? Yes, he intends _ .A. / B. to C. so D. that 17. Would you like to go to the Grand Theatre with me tonight? _ A. Yes, Id like to go to the Grand Theatre B. Id like to, but I

39、 have an exam tomorrow C. No, I wont D. Thats right 18. You should have thanked her before you left. I meant _ , but when I was leaving I couldnt find her anywhere. A. to do B. to C. doing D. doing to 19. _ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu Bridge. A. Were B. Should

40、C. Would D. Will 20. _ for the free tickets, I would not have gone to the films so often. A. If it is not B. Were C. Had it not been D. If they were not 21. I will know what was on his mind at the time, nor will _ . A. anyone B. anyone else C. no one D. no one else 22. Of the making of good books th

41、ere is no end; neither _ any end to their influence on mans lives.A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there 23. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible! _ . A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I 高考英語語法專練-省略、插入語40題附答案及解析 1. I still remember the na

42、me of the villagewe visited last year. A.what B. C.where D.when 2. I usually go there by train. Why notby boat for a change? A.to try going B.trying to go C.to try and go D.try going 3. for your brother, I would not have gone to see Mr. Wang. A.If it is not B.Were it not C.Had it not been D.If they

43、were not 4. Id like to have a piece of bread and two eggs. Anything ? A.following B.follows C.to follow D.to be followed 5. He suggested that the work at once. A.be done B.should do C.could do D.does 6. Its a fine day. Lets go swimming, ? A.wont we B.will you C.dont we D.shall we 7. Be sure to be he

44、re early tomorrow, ? A.will you B.arent you C.can you D.could you 8. We will have a meeting next week, but we dont know . A.who B.where C.as D.which 9. My sister speaks English, if not better than, my brother. A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as 10. I dont like the way you talk to your mot

45、her. A. B.in that C.which D.of which 11. I know the boy very well. I have seen himup from childhood. A.grow B.grew C.was growing D.to grow 12. Though the little boy is often made by his brother, he made his brother yesterday. A.cry； to cry B.crying； crying C.cry； cry D.to cry； cry 13. Ill go to Kore

46、a to watch the 14th Asian Games. Would you mind looking after my dog? Not all. . A.I cant B.Please dont C.Id like it D.Id be happy to 14. Tom wanted to play football with his friends in the street, but his father told him. A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to 15. Do you think Jack is going t

47、o watch a football match this weekend? . A.I believe not B.I believe not so C.I dont believe it D.I dont believe 16. What do you think made the girl so glad? a beautiful necklace. A.As she received B.Receiving C.Received D.Because of receiving 17. Arent you be chairman? No, and I . A.dont want to B.

48、dont want C.dont want to be D.dont want be 18. Well, we have been waiting herefor the guest. A.long time B.a long time C.the long time D.some long time 19. Youreyour time trying to persuade him. Hell never join us. A.spending B.wasting C.losing D.missing 20. Father advised me not to say anything unt

49、il at the meeting. A.asking B.to ask C.asked D.ask 21. Coffee milk? Only milk, please, I used to like coffee. A.and； and B.and； but C.or； and D.or； but 22. , you have given me a lot of help. A.Tell the truth B.To tell the truth C.Telling true D.Telling truth 23. He promised to come to see you. But h

50、e . Ive been all alone. A.didnt B.wouldnt C.hasnt D.wont 24. How about the number of students playing on the playground? . A.Small B.Many C.Little D.Most 25. All substances, solids, liquids, or gases, are made up of entirely atoms. A.whether they B.whether C.whether are they D.whether are 26. Mr. Bl

51、ack, born in Kentucky, lived and practiced law in Missouri. A.was B.he was C.although D.who he was 27. Have you watered the flowers? No, but . A.I am B.Im going C.Im just going to D.I will go 28. He hasnt gone to the office up to now. Well, he . A.should B.ought to C.ought to go D.ought to have 29. If you go to Xian, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly.A.supposing B.supposed C.to suppose D.suppose 30. If the same treatment again, he is sure to get well. (上海98) A.giving B.give C.given D.being given 31. He broke his legs while . A.riding B