考點(diǎn)08 倒裝句（原卷版）

1、2020年高考英語(yǔ)一輪考點(diǎn)掃描專題08 倒裝句1、 【知識(shí)精講】（一）定義：1. 部分倒裝：指將謂語(yǔ)的一部分如助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)倒裝至主語(yǔ)之前。如果句子的謂語(yǔ)沒有助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,則需添加助動(dòng)詞do, does或did,并將其置于主語(yǔ)之前。2. 完全倒裝：指將句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞全部置于主語(yǔ)之前。此結(jié)構(gòu)通常只用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)。（二）完全倒裝1. 介詞短語(yǔ)（往往表示地點(diǎn)）放在句首時(shí)：Next to it is another restaurant where we can have Chinese food.In front of them stood a great castle, bathe

2、d in morning sunshine. On the bed lay a sick old man groaning.2. 方位副詞,如east/west, out/in, up/down, here/there, now/then, below/above, away, off,等放在句首時(shí)：Down jumped the murderer from the sixth floor. Here comes Mary= Look! Marys coming.Then followed eight years of the Anti-Japanese War. There goes the

3、 bell= Look! The bells ringing.Northwest of the mountain are (be) two small villages.3. 表語(yǔ)（常為形容詞、分詞、such）放在句首時(shí)：Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. Seated on the ground are a group of young men playing music.Such is my friend, a clever and warm-hearted

4、boy.Growing in the schoolyard are different kinds of flowers and grass.= Flowers and grass can be seen here and there in the schoolyard.4. There be 句型中：(該句型的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞除了be之外,還可用 live, happen, exist, remain, stand, lie等) Long, long ago there lived a king who loved horses very much. There happened to be nob

5、ody in the bedroom when the fire broke out. 5. 直接引語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)：“ Its worthwhile to visit Monets garden,” thought Xiao Lin. “ Picassos paintings,” said the artist, “are the most beautiful ones I have ever seen.”.注意： 完全倒裝需具備2個(gè)條件:(1) 主語(yǔ)必須是名詞n.； (2) 謂語(yǔ)必須是不及物動(dòng)詞vi 或者系動(dòng)詞link verb。(3）如果主語(yǔ)為人稱代詞,仍用 陳述句語(yǔ)序,如：Here you

6、 are. There it goes! Away it flew. Up it went.（3） 部分倒裝1. 否定詞或否定短語(yǔ)放在句首（never, little, not, rarely, seldom, hardly, scarcely, neither, nor,）也包括具有否定意義的詞組 ( in no way, by no means, under no circumstances, in no case, at no time)。Never have I seen a better film before. In no way can he pass the math exam

7、 this time.Not a single word of English does he know. If you dont go, neither/nor will I. 2. No soonerthan及Hardly/rarely/scarcelywhen置句首時(shí)： 注意：前半句用過去完成時(shí)+倒裝, 后半句用過去式,不倒裝。(1). He had hardly finished his exercises when the teacher came in.= Hardly had he finished his exercises when the teacher came in.

8、.(2). He had no sooner gone out than it began to rain.= No sooner had he gone out than it began to rain3. Not until置句首時(shí), （主句須倒裝,until從句不倒裝,即“主倒從不倒”）(1) Not until his mother came back did he go to bed.= He didnt go to bed until his mother came back. (2) Mary didnt leave until John arrived. = Not unti

9、l John arrived did Mary leave .= It was not until John arrived that Mary left.(“not until”放在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中,前后都是陳述語(yǔ)序,不能用倒裝) 4. So/Suchthat置句首, （“如此”部分需倒裝, 但that從句部分不倒裝）So sudden was the attack that we had no time to escape.Such a force of the explosion was it that all the windows were broken. 5. Only +狀語(yǔ)（即：on

10、ly+ adv /介詞短語(yǔ) /狀從）置句首時(shí),（主句倒裝,only后狀語(yǔ)不倒裝,即“主倒從不倒”）Only then did I realize the importance of English. Only in this way can you improve your ability.Only when the war was over was he able to get back to work again.注意： 在only狀語(yǔ)從句主句結(jié)構(gòu)中,主句用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),但從句須用陳述語(yǔ)序。 only+主語(yǔ)時(shí),不倒裝。如：Only Tom knows the answer. 6. 置句首的No

11、t only+ 分句+ but also+分句中,前倒后不倒。 Not only was everything he had taken away from him but also his German citizenship.當(dāng)not onlybut also連接主語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)時(shí),不倒裝。Not only everything he had but also his German citizenship was taken away from him. 7. Neither+ 分句.nor+ 分句置句首時(shí), 前后都需倒裝。Neither does Peter want the responsi

12、bility, nor does his wife.=Neither Peter nor his wife wants the responsibility.8. So 表示肯定的“也”,置句首。He studies English well. So does she. 比較：He studies English well. So he does. （他確實(shí)如此）注意：表示前面的多種情況也適合于另一人或物,或者既有肯定又有否定情況或涉及到不同類型的動(dòng)詞時(shí)可用：It is the same with sth /sb. 或 So it is with sth /sb.I like English

13、very much, but I dont like physics. So it is with my brother. Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language. It was the same with Engles.9. 省略if 的虛擬條件從句（had ,were,should開頭）Had I been informed earlier, I could have done something. Should any one call, tell him to wait for me here. Were

14、I you, I would accept his help.10. May開頭的祝愿句May you be happy ! May you live a long life!11. adj./ adv./ v./ n. +as 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 (as相當(dāng)于though, 但不能用although),用正常語(yǔ)序（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）。Child as/though he is , he knows a lot about life. (名詞前省略冠詞)Hard as he works, he cant pass the test. Try as he may, he will fail again

15、. Smart as he is, he cant figure out the problem.2、 【典例精練】1. Not until recently _they_(encourage) the development of tourist-related activities in the rural areas.2. John opened the door. There _(stand) a girl he had never seen before. 3. _he_(catch) the morning train, he would not have been late fo

16、r the meeting.4. Not until two oclock in the morning_the journalist_(free) and sent home together with the taxi-driver.5. Only if I get a job_I_(have) enough money to support my family.6. So successful_(be) that Diana was able to set up new branches elsewhere.7. Out _(rush) the children when the fire burst forth.8. Not only_travel_(give) people relaxation and pl