2020_2021學(xué)年高中英語Unit1LivingwellPeriod3課件新人教版選修72021031917

1、Period 3Learning about Language .單詞拼寫 1Due to health problems, I decided to r_ my post as the factory director. 2Dr.Proudie would _ (廢除) all forms and ceremonies. 3I think its proper to classify her novels as serious _ (文學(xué)) instead of mere entertainment. 4He has always had an interest in _ (政治) 5Aft

2、er the abolition of _ (奴隸制), many black people in America were liberated. 【答案】1.resign2.abolish3.literature 4.politics5.slavery .單句語法填空 1Tom worked hard, only _ (fail) again at last. 2Its good _(help) others when they are in trouble. 3The goal of this activity is _(meet) the needs of common people.

3、4The question is very difficult _ (answer) 5He was forced _(take) a position that was paid less money. 【答案】1.to fail2.to help3.to meet4.to answer 5to take resign vi.& vt.辭職；辭去(工作、職位等)； 聽任 She resigned as secretary last week. 上周她辭去了秘書一職。 She resigned from a good job all for a bad boss. 就因?yàn)橐粋€糟糕的老板，她辭掉

4、了一份好 工作。 resign to 聽從，順從；托付給 resign from辭去職務(wù) resign as sth辭去當(dāng)?shù)穆殑?wù) resignation n辭職；辭呈 單句改錯 Because of his serious illness，the manager had to resign to his position. _ 單句語法填空 He resigned _ the company in order to take a more challenging job. He resigned his post _ headmaster. 【答案】to改為fromfromas I was s

5、upposed to have finished all my shopping by now but 到現(xiàn)在我本該結(jié)束我的購物，但是 句中的be supposed to表示“應(yīng)該”，相當(dāng) 于should。此外，它還可表示“必須；一般認(rèn) 為”。 I thought we were supposed to be paid today. 我本以為我們今天會領(lǐng)到薪水。 (1)be not supposed to表示“不準(zhǔn)；不得；不 應(yīng)當(dāng)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)委婉地責(zé)備或禁止。 (2)suppose/supposing that假如，假 設(shè) (3)let us suppose that讓我們假設(shè)，讓 我們假想 完成

6、句子 這個會本應(yīng)該在星期二舉行，但我們不得 不把它推遲了。 The meeting _ _ _ _ _ on Tuesday, but we have had to postpone it. 【答案】was supposed to take place 動詞不定式 動詞不定式由“to動詞原形”構(gòu)成，如： to study, to play。動詞不定式雖然不能作謂語動 詞用，但仍保留著動詞的特征，它可以帶有所 需要的賓語或狀語而構(gòu)成動詞不定式短語， 如：to play table tennis，to study hard。 一、動詞不定式的基本用法 動詞不定式能起名詞、形容詞和副詞的作 用，可在

7、句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓語補(bǔ)足 語、定語和狀語。 1作主語 動詞不定式作主語時，一般可用it作形式主 語，而將作主語的動詞不定式置于句末。 To help each other is good. It is good to help each other. 2作表語 動詞不定式在系動詞be之后作表語。 My job is to drive them to the power station every day. 3作賓語 (1)作及物動詞的賓語。 She wishes to be a musician. (2)作某些形容詞的賓語：可以接動詞不定 式作賓語的形容詞一般有g(shù)lad，sorry,

8、afraid， pleased，determined，willing，eager， anxious，ready，sure等。 I am determined to give up smoking. (3)動詞不定式一般不作介詞的賓語，但動 詞不定式之前如有疑問詞時，就可作介詞的賓 語。 Can you give us some advice on what to do next? (4)動詞不定式在句中作賓語，如帶有賓語 補(bǔ)足語時，須先用it作形式賓語，而將該動詞 不定式后置。 I dont think it right to do it that way. 4作賓語補(bǔ)足語 如果句中的謂語動詞

9、為see，hear，watch， notice，have，make，let等，作賓語補(bǔ)足語的 動詞不定式須將to省去，但改為被動語態(tài)時， 不定式要加上to。此外，介詞有時也與這種復(fù) 合賓語連用。 Tell the children not to play on the street. I saw him cross the road. He was seen to cross the road. With a lot of work to do，he didnt go to the cinema. 5作定語 動詞不定式作定語時，必須位于被其修飾 的名詞或代詞之后。通常與所修飾名詞有如下 關(guān)系：

10、 (1)動賓關(guān)系 作定語用的動詞不定式如果是不及物動 詞，不定式后面就要用必要的介詞。如果被不 定式修飾的名詞為place，time，way，不定式 后面的介詞習(xí)慣上可以省去。 如果不定式所修飾名詞是不定式動作的承 受者，不定式可用主動式也可用被動式。 Is this the best way to help him? I have a meeting to attend. He is the man to depend on. The old man is looking for a quiet place to live in. Have you got anything to send?

11、 Have you got anything to be sent? (2)說明所修飾名詞的內(nèi)容 We have made a plan to finish the work. (3)被修飾名詞是不定式的邏輯主語 He is the first to get here. 6作狀語 動詞不定式可以表示行為的目的、結(jié)果、 原因、條件等。 (1)表目的 He worked day and night to get the money. She sold her hair to buy the watch chain. To master a foreign language, one must wo

12、rk hard at it.( 有時為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的，也可將表示目的 的不定式置于句首。) She reads China Daily every day in order to (so as to) improve her English.( 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式 表示目的的作用，還可在不定式前加in order to 或so as to，但應(yīng)注意in order to位于句首或句中 均可，而so as to不能位于句首。) 不定式放句首時，邏輯主語與句子主語 要一致： () To save money, every means has been tried. () To save money, he

13、 has tried every means. () To learn English well, a dictionary is needed. () To learn English well, he needs a dictionary. (2)表結(jié)果 He arrived late to find the train gone. You are old enough to take care of yourself now.( 形容詞或副詞 enough 動詞不定 式，表示“夠能”。) I visited him only to find him out.(常用only放 在不定式前表

14、示和意料的結(jié)果相反的情況。) (3)表原因 They were very sad to hear the news. 7作獨(dú)立成分 To tell you the truth, I dont like the way he talked. 8不定式的省略 保留到to(省略do動詞)。 If you dont want to do it, you dont need to. 9不定式的并列 第二個不定式可省略to。 He wished to study medicine and (to) become a doctor. 單句語法填空 Its standard practice for a co

15、mpany like this one _(employ) a security officer. I have a lot of readings _(complete) before the end of this term. My work is _ (clean) the room every day. Father will not allow us _ (play) on the street. _(catch)the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early. Anxiously, she to

16、ok the dress out of the package and tried it on, only _(find) it didnt fit. 【答案】to employto completeto cleanto playTo catchto find 二、動詞不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu) 由for/of名詞(或代詞賓格)動詞不定式 即構(gòu)成復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的動詞不定式。其中for本身無 意義。for后面的名詞或代詞是不定式的邏輯主 語，這種不定式在句中可作主語、表語、賓 語、定語或狀語。當(dāng)作表語用的形容詞表示不 定式的邏輯主語的性質(zhì)或特征時，就用介詞of 而不用for引出不定式的邏輯主語，這些形容詞 一般

17、有g(shù)ood, nice, kind, wise, silly, stupid, foolish, right, wrong, careless, impolite等。 It is very important for us to get everything ready for the harvest. It is very kind of you to help him every day. 單句改錯 It is wrong for you to think in that way. _ It is not necessary for us start out ahead of time.

18、_ 【答案】for改為of在start前加to 三、疑問詞動詞不定式 疑問代詞和疑問副詞后可加動詞不定式構(gòu) 成不定式短語，在句中可作主語、表語或賓 語。 How to prevent them from swimming in this river is a problem. 單句語法填空 When and where _(hold) the meeting hasnt been decided. Its no use having ideas only. Dont worry. Peter can show you _ to turn an idea into an act. 【答案】to

19、holdhow 四、動詞不定式的否定式 動詞不定式的否定式是由not動詞不定式 構(gòu)成。 Its wrong of you not to attend the meeting. 把下列句子改為否定句 He told me to bring you something. 【答案】He told me not to bring you anything. The box is easy to carry. 【答案】The box is not easy to carry. 五、動詞不定式的形式變化 動詞不定式有下列時態(tài)和語態(tài)的形式變 化： 語態(tài) 一般式完成式進(jìn)行式 完成 進(jìn)行式 主動 to buil

20、dto have built to be building to have been building 被動 to be built to have been built / 動詞不定式的時態(tài)形式所表示的時間關(guān) 系： 1一般式：動詞不定式一般式所表示的動 作有時與謂語動詞所表示的動作同時發(fā)生，但 在多數(shù)情況下，是在謂語動詞所表示的動作之 后發(fā)生。 We decided to plant more trees this spring.(其 后) They often watch us play table tennis.(同時) 2完成式：動詞不定式完成式所表示的動 作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作

21、之前。 I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 3進(jìn)行式：動詞不定式進(jìn)行式所表示的動 作正在進(jìn)行中，而且與謂語動詞所表示的動作 同時發(fā)生。 She happened to be writing a letter in the room when I came in. 單句語法填空 The engine just wont start. Something seems _(go) wrong with it. 【答案】to have gone 六、動詞不定式的被動語態(tài)用法 如果動詞不定式的邏輯主語為這個不定式 所表示的動作的承受者時，不定式一般就用被 動語態(tài)形式

22、。 What is to be done next hasnt been decided yet. 單句語法填空 We havent been informed of when the meeting is _(hold) It is not clear whether the picnic is _(cancel) or not. 【答案】to be heldto be canceled .用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空 1Do you know when _(go)to the farm? 2Please remember _(lock)the door when you leave the

23、room. 3Its good _(help)others when they are in trouble. 4The man downstairs told the man upstairs not _(drop)his shoes onto the floor at midnight any more. 5For her sister Mary _ (study) music is a good choice. 6Im sorry _(take up) so much of your valuable time. 7She could do nothing but _ (change) her name under the circumstances. 8S