u6.L3被動語態(tài)英語課件

1、Unit 6 Lesson 3,Pronunciation and words:,map,gallery,national,corner,straight,museum,appreciate,distance,set,block,mention,compass,direction,follow,method,unfortunately,position,clear,earth,work,phone,painting,government,carry,supermarket,1_ 2_ 3_ 4_ 5_ 6_7_8_,Choose the correst answer,1. There are

2、a lot of beautiful paintings in a _. a) compass b)gallery c) distance 2. “How can I learn English?” “Speaking, practicing, and listening are good _.” a) positions b) blocks c) methods 3. The _ government is in Beijing. a) set b) clear c) national,c,B,c,Unscramble the letters. Then, number the pictur

3、es.,1. The _ (hEatr) is very big. 2. I can _ (looflw) directions on a _(pam). 3. The _ (mspcaos) is pointing north.,Stucture: 讀下列句子，并歸納劃線部分的構(gòu)成：,The sun and the stars can be followed. A compass is used in any weather The sky cant be seen. It can be used in any weather. A newer method is used,被動語態(tài)專項 P

4、assive voice,被動語態(tài)基本用法 當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當(dāng)句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構(gòu)成，人稱、數(shù)、時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。,被動語態(tài)的用法,（1）不知道或沒有必要說明動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。 例如：Some new computers were stolen last night.一些新電腦在昨晚被盜了。（不知道電腦是誰偷的） This bridge was founded in 1981.這座橋竣工于1981年。 （2）強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的執(zhí)行者。 例如：The glass was broken

5、by Mike.玻璃杯是邁克打破的。 This book was written by him.這本書是他寫的。 Your homework must be finished on time.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須及時完成。,主動語態(tài)變被動語態(tài)的方法,1）把主動語態(tài)的賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語。 （2）把謂語變成被動結(jié)構(gòu)（be過去分詞）（根據(jù)被動語態(tài)句子里的主語的人稱和數(shù)，以及原來主動語態(tài)句子中動詞的時態(tài)來決定be的形式）。 （3）把主動語態(tài)中的主語放在介詞by之后作賓語，將主格改為賓格。 例如：All the people laughed at him. -He was laughed at by

6、all people.,His brother washes bowls every day,主,謂,賓(受動者),Bowls,are washed,by,his brother,every day.,改為被動語態(tài),1.They make shoes in that factory. 主語+及物動詞+賓語,Shoes are made (by them) in that factory. 一般現(xiàn)在時：,變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài),S(主語）+am/is /are +過去分詞,Rewrite them in the passive voice,Many students play soccer Soccer

7、is played by many students I close the door. The door _ _ _ me. 1. We open the window every day. The window_ _ _ _ every day. 2. The girls make a cake. A cake _ _ _ the girls . 3. The children help the teacher. The teacher _ _ _ the children. 4. People use computers. _ _ _ _ people. 5. He sets the c

8、lock. The clock _ _ _ _ . 6. She wrote the book. The book _ _ _ her.,They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beijing.,Football is played by them on Sunday.,The homework is done by Lucy in the evening.,Computers

9、 are often used by them in class.,These machines are made in Beijing.,He looked after the little baby yesterday.,主,謂,賓(受動者),The little baby,was looked after,by,him,yesterday .,2. They bought ten computers last term,Ten computers were bought (by them) last term.,一般過去時：,S+was/were +過去分詞,They built the

10、 tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting.,The tall building was built by them last year.,His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday.,Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.,This r

11、oom was used for resting by them.,Tom will clean the room tomorrow.,主,謂,賓(受動者),The room,will be cleaned,by,Tom,tomorrow.,3.They will finish the work in ten days.,The work will be finished (by them) in ten days.,一般將來時： S+ will+be+過去分詞,We will have a sports meeting next week. Children will take some p

12、hotos in the school tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon.,A sports meeting will be had by us next week.,Some photos will be taken by children in the school tomorrow.,A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon.,4Amy can take good care of Gina ,Gina can be taken good car

13、e of by Amy.,情態(tài)動詞： S+ can/may/must/should + be+過去分詞,1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well.,The baby can be taken care of by him.,The picture may be drawn by Lucy.,The lights must be turned off by you.,English sh

14、ould be learned well by them.,Exercises： 1.Many people speak English. 2.People used knives for cutting things. 3.We can use the box as a table. 4.We should clean the classroom every day. 5.She will repair the bike tomorrow.,Some workers are painting the rooms now,The rooms are being painted by some

15、workers now. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時： S+ am/is/are + being +過去分詞,We have made twenty more keys,Twenty more keys have been made by us. 現(xiàn)在完成時： S+ have/has + been+過去分詞,各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構(gòu)成,一般現(xiàn)在時： 一般過去時： 一般將來時： 情態(tài)動詞： 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時 現(xiàn)在完成時：,S+ am/is /are + done,S+can/may/must/should+be+done,S+ will + be + done,S+ am /is /are + being+ done,S

16、+ have/has + been+ done,S+ was/were + done,使用被動語態(tài)應(yīng)注意的幾個問題,1. 不及物動詞無被動語態(tài)。 What will happen in 100 years. The dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. 2. 有些動詞用主動形式表示被動意義。 1) Need, want, 接doing表被動。 2)系動詞taste, sound , prove, feel, look，smell 等表被動 3）sell， wash，clean, cook等與副詞如well, easily等連用 ，用

17、主動表被動， This pen writes well. This new book sells well.,3. 感官動詞(see, look at, watch, notice, feel, hear, listen to,)或使役動詞(make, have , let )使用省略to的動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)中不帶to ，但變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，須加上to 。 例：make somebody do something somebody+ be +made to do something see somebody do something somebody +be +seen to do somet

18、hing A girl saw my wallet drop when she passed by. My wallet was seen to drop by a girl when she passed by. The boss made the little boy do heavy work. The little boy was made to do heavy work by the boss.,4. 如果是接雙賓語的動詞改為被動語態(tài)時，直接賓語(物)作主語，那么動詞后要用介詞，這個介詞是由與其搭配的動詞決定。 He gave me a book.A book was given

19、to me by him. He showed me a ticket.A ticket was shown to me by him. My father bought me a new bike. A new bike was bought for me by my father. 5. 一些動詞短語用于被動語態(tài)時，應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個整體，不能丟掉其中的介詞或副詞。 We cant laugh him. He cant be laugh by us. He listens to the radio every day. The radio is listened to by him every

20、day. The nurse is taking care of the sick man. The sick man is being taken care of by the nurse.,不能轉(zhuǎn)化成被動語態(tài)的主動句,有的及物動詞也可以用作不及物動詞，同樣也沒有被動語態(tài)，凡是屬于下列情況的主句不能轉(zhuǎn)化成被動語態(tài)： 1. 某些表示狀態(tài)的及物動詞。如：have, own, possess, lack, want, fit, suit, become, last, cost, fail, escape, hold等。如： Our boss owns great wealth. 我們老板擁有巨大的

21、財富。 2. 當(dāng)賓語是反身代詞或相互代詞時，不能有相應(yīng)的被動語態(tài)。如： I cut myself when I was cutting meat. 當(dāng)我切肉時，割傷了自己。 3. 當(dāng)賓語是不定式或動名詞時，通常不能有對應(yīng)的被動句。如： This might help to bring out the problem more clearly. 這也許有助于使問題明朗化。,主動形式表被動,1. 有些表示狀態(tài)特征的系動詞、感官動詞，如look, sound, feel, smell, taste, prove, appear, sound, turn out 等+形容詞/名詞的系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如： Th

22、e music sounds beautiful. 這音樂聽起來很美。 2. 表示主語的某種屬性特征的動詞。如：read, write, act, sell, wash, clean, wear, open, cook, lock, shut, dry, eat, drink, keep, feel,burn, last, strike, cut等。這類動詞一般不單獨使用，常有一個修飾語?；蚺c表示行為方式的狀語連用，或與情態(tài)動詞連用。如： This coat dries easily. 這件大衣很容易干。 The door wont lock. 這扇門鎖不上。,3. 表示開始、結(jié)束、運動的動詞

23、。如begin, finish, start, open, close, stop, end, move。如： Work began at 6 oclock this morning. 今天早晨的工作是6點開始的。 4. 少數(shù)動詞用于進(jìn)行時，其主動形式表示被動含義。如：print, build, cook, fry, hang, build, make。如： The books are printing. 這些書正在印刷中。,5. 介詞in, on, under . + 名詞構(gòu)成的介詞短語表示被動意義。如： The house facing the tower is in the posses

24、sion of Mr Bob. 面對著塔的屋子是Bob的。 6. 當(dāng)get, become, go 等動詞用作系動詞，其表語是過去分詞時，可以表示被動，此結(jié)構(gòu)比較口語化。如： The patient got treated once a week. 那位病人一周得到一次治療。 7. 某些不及物動詞或相當(dāng)于不及物動詞的短語動詞如break out, go well, take place, occur等。如： What body changes occur when the sperm whale drives? 抹香鯨潛入水中時，身體會發(fā)生什么變化？,8. want, need, requir

25、e等動詞后用V-ing形式可以表示被動意義。如： The machine needs repairing. 這臺機(jī)器需要修理了。 9. 形容詞worth + V-ing分詞時。如： This book is well worth reading again. 這本書很值得再讀一遍。,挑戰(zhàn)被動語態(tài),Put a check ( ) next to the correct answer,1. The light ( ) is turned on in the evening ( ) turns on 2. Music ( ) enjoys most people。 ( ) is enjoyed by

26、 3. Backpacks ( ) can use to carry books. ( ) can be used,1.-Do you often see him _ the old man? -yes, he is often seen _ the old man. A. helping, to help B. help, to help C. helping, helping 2.-Its _ that the underground line No.3 _ in Harbin in 2010. - What good news! A. said , was built B. say, w

27、ill build C. reported, will be built. 3.Your mother _ very young. Thank you. A. looks B. is looked C. looks like,B. help, to help,C. reported, will be built.,A. looks,()4.-If your homework_, you can play outside. -Really? Ill try my best to do that. A. finishes B. will be finished C. is finished ()5

28、.The old parents must _ well by their children. A. look after B. be looked after C. be looked ()6.The boy was made _ the dishes after dinner. A. to wash B. wash C. washing ()7.The food tastes _ and _ well. A. well, is sold B. good, is sold C. good, sells ()8.Students arent allowed _ in the library.

29、A. speaking B. to speak C. spoken ()9.A new building _ by the workers now. A. is being built B. is built C. is building,B,A,B,C,A,B,被動語態(tài)考題 1.The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty thing into it.(南京市中考題） A be stopped to throw B be stopped from throwing C stop to throw D stop from throwing 2.T

30、his book _ often _from the library.(北京市中考題） A arent take away B taken away C isnt taken away D be taken away 3.He _ _ (tell) to return his books to the library yesterday. (黃岡市中考題）,was told,5. Another man-made satellite was sent up into space by them last week (濟(jì)南市中考題） another man-made satellite into space last week.變主動語態(tài) 7