BOOK FIVE Unit 1講解

1、BOOK FIVE Unit OnePart 1Task 1 vocabulary：read the new words and fill in the blanks.1. 特征，特性 n._2. 科學(xué)的 adj._; 科學(xué) n._; 科學(xué)家n._3. 醫(yī)生，內(nèi)科醫(yī)師 n._4. 傳染，感染v._;傳染的adj._5. 詢問n._; 詢問v._6. 調(diào)查v._; 調(diào)查n._7. 命令，指示v._;用法說明，操作指南_8. 捐獻，貢獻，捐助；n._;捐獻，貢獻，捐助v._9. 熱情的，熱心的adj._ ；熱情，熱心n._10. 小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的adj._ ；小心，謹(jǐn)慎n._Task 2.phase

2、s：choose the proper words and use their correct forms to fill in the blanks.draw a conclusion; expose.to; linkto; apart from; be strict with; make sense;1. They believe the outbreak of cancer is _ the use of chemical pesticides.2. As is known to all, dirty water will _people _ cholera, a serious dis

3、ease of the stomach.3. As a teacher, you should _ your students in their study.4. The essay is good _ a couple of spelling mistakes.5. It just does not _- why would she do a thing like that?6. From the existing evidence we can _about how the robber broke into the room at midnight. Part 21. character

4、isticn.特色；特性；典型adj.特有的，表示特性的；典型的Kindness is one of his characteristics.和善是他的特性之一。A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.駱駝的一個特點是不喝水也能活很長時間。character/characteristic character n.性格，品質(zhì)（本身具有的）；角色，人物；字體，字符characteristic n. 特點，特征（用以區(qū)別于其他事物的）高手過招 單項填空He proved hi

5、mself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others. （201001山東德州檢測）A. characteristic B. characterC. appearance D. temper 2. defeat vt.擊敗；打??；使（計劃、希望）落空Our team defeated our opponent by 5:0.我們隊以五比零的比分戰(zhàn)勝了對手。He was defeated in his plan.他的計劃失敗了。易混辨析 defeat/conquer

6、/overcome三個詞都含有“戰(zhàn)勝”、“擊敗”的意思。 defeat指“贏得勝利”，尤其指軍事上的勝利，如：defeat the enemy(打敗敵人)。conquer指“征服;戰(zhàn)勝”,尤其指獲得對人、物或感情的控制，如：conquer nature（征服自然）。overcome指“戰(zhàn)勝；壓倒；克服”，尤其指“感情”，如：overcome difficulties（克服困難）。defeat/beat/win defeat, beat都表示在戰(zhàn)斗或競賽中“戰(zhàn)勝,打敗(對手)”,后接競爭對手。如：beat the competitor/the country/the team .打敗對手/國家/

7、團隊win也表示“戰(zhàn)勝,贏得”,但它的賓語通常是比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎品或表示尊重、崇拜之類意義的詞。如：win a race/a battle/a war/a scholarship/a prize/a medal/success/friendship/reward .贏得比賽/戰(zhàn)役/戰(zhàn)爭/獎學(xué)金/獎品/獎?wù)?成功/友誼/獎賞高手過招 選詞填空（beat/defeat/conquer/win） （原創(chuàng)）By not working hard enough you your own purpose.Some countries may be but can never be .Who is the d

8、rum?He the first prize in the writing contest.3. attend v. 注意；留意；處理(與to連用)=do with；出席；到場；照看；照料=take care of=look after常用結(jié)構(gòu)：attend school/college 上學(xué)/上大學(xué)attend a lecture/meeting 聽講座/出席會議attend a wedding/ceremony 出席婚禮/參加典禮attendance n. 出席；出席的人數(shù)；伺候；照料 Well attend to the problem later. 稍后我們將關(guān)注這個問題。 Which

9、 doctor is attending you? 哪個醫(yī)生為你看病?高手過招翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）他們在我們不在時管理事務(wù)。 他在這個領(lǐng)域很出名，今晚會有成千上萬的敬仰者參加他的講座。4. exposevt.暴露；揭露；使曝光，常與介詞to連用，表示“使暴露于（日光、風(fēng)雨等）；受到風(fēng)險；使面臨”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)：expose sth./sb./oneself (to .) 顯露或暴露于be exposed to 暴露于Dont expose it to the rain/wind.別讓它被雨淋/風(fēng)吹。The soldiers in the open field are exposed to the e

10、nemys fire. 空地里的士兵暴露于敵人的火力之下。 The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve. 對貪官污吏的罪行一定要毫無保留地予以揭發(fā)。 高手過招 用expose的適當(dāng)形式填空（原創(chuàng)）In summer, _the sun can be very harmful to your skin.The soil was washed away by the flood, _ bare rock. 5. curevt.&n. 治愈，治療；常用于“cure sb. of .”結(jié)構(gòu)中。The do

11、ctor cured her of a bad cold.醫(yī)生治好了她的重感冒。It is possible to cure the sickness.治愈這種疾病是可能的。易混辨析cure/treat/heal/recovercure意為“治療；治愈”，多用于指藥物治療并治愈某種疾病或改正不良習(xí)氣。treat為日常用語，意為“治療；醫(yī)治”，指治療病人的全過程或活動。heal意為“治愈（傷口）；醫(yī)治”，指治好外傷或燒傷后的部位，使傷口愈合，不用于指治療感冒等疾病。recover意為“痊愈,復(fù)原”，主要是指從病中痊愈了，常與from連用。That pill cured my headache.那

12、種藥片治好了我的頭疼。That will cure him of his bad habits.那將改正他的壞習(xí)慣。There are only two doctors to treat more than 50 patients.只有兩名醫(yī)生來治療50多個病人。The wound on my arm has healed.我胳膊上的傷已痊愈了。Hes now fully recovered from his bad cold.他現(xiàn)在已完全從重感冒中康復(fù)了。高手過招 完成句子 （原創(chuàng)）盤尼西林治好了他的肺炎。Penicillin his pneumonia.事故后卡車司機的擦傷得到了治療。Af

13、ter the accident, the lorry driver for cuts and bruises.他手指上的傷口很快愈合了。The cut on his finger quickly.6. absorbvt. 吸收；吸引；吸收（液體，氣體，光，聲等）；汲取，理解（知識等）；使全神貫注；吸引（注意等），后常接介詞in/by；合并（公司等）；吞并；常接介詞into；承受；經(jīng)受。聯(lián)想拓展absorbed adj. 精神集中的absorbing adj. 十分吸引人的absorb from sth. 從中吸收be absorbed in 專心于，全神貫注于Cotton gloves ab

14、sorb sweat. 棉手套吸汗。 So many good ideas! Its too much for me to absorb all at once. 這么多好主意！我很難一下子完全吸收。The old man was completely absorbed in the book. 老人全神貫注地讀這本書。The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city. 四周的小城鎮(zhèn)已并入到這座城市中。 高手過招 完成句子 （原創(chuàng)）那個人因為看報紙?zhí)肷穸驳搅藟ι稀?，the man walked into a wall

15、.他們聚精會神地看著電視里的表演，舍不得離開。They were the show on television that they found it hard to pull away7. blame vt.責(zé)備；譴責(zé)；歸咎于n.責(zé)怪；(過失、過錯等)責(zé)任常用結(jié)構(gòu)：blame sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而指責(zé)某人blame sth. on sb. 因某事而指責(zé)某人sb. be to blame for(doing) sth. 因(做)某事某人應(yīng)受到譴責(zé)The student blamed the teacher for his failure. 學(xué)生因失敗而責(zé)怪老師

16、。The careless driver is to blame for the traffic accident happening yesterday.那個粗心的司機該為昨天發(fā)生的交通事故負責(zé)。Who is to blame for the failure?誰該為這次的失敗負責(zé)?溫馨提示be to blame 應(yīng)負責(zé)(無被動形式)高手過招 (1)單項填空We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that for their sons bad performance at school.（201001陜西西安檢測）A. are to blame B

17、. is to be blamedC. are to be blamed D. is to blame（2）翻譯句子看來霍亂的流行要歸罪于飲用水了。 （原創(chuàng)） 這件事誰也不能怨。他指責(zé)你玩忽職守。8. link vt. 連接；聯(lián)系n. 環(huán)；連接；聯(lián)系；紐帶常用結(jié)構(gòu)：link .to/with 將和連接/聯(lián)系起來link up 連接起來The highway links Shanghai to/with Beijing. 這條公路連接著上海和北京。Your story links up with his.你所說的和他所說的能聯(lián)系起來。A lot of links fitted together

18、form a chain. 許多鏈環(huán)連在一起組成鏈條。Old friends are a link with the past. 老朋友是連接往事的紐帶。易混辨析join/connect/combine/unite join指的是任何事物的直接連接，連接的程度可緊可松，含有“還能分開”之意。常用結(jié)構(gòu)join .to, join up。 connect指的是通過某種媒介物把事物連接起來，事物的特征還保持著，常表示與技術(shù)有關(guān)的連接以及火車、飛機等實行聯(lián)運。常用結(jié)構(gòu)connect .with/to。 combine著重指兩個或兩個以上的人或事物為了共同的目的而結(jié)合在一起，結(jié)合后原來的部分可能仍不改變

19、，但也可能失去其本性，常用結(jié)構(gòu)combine .with。 unite強調(diào)緊密地結(jié)合成一體，含極難分開之意,常用結(jié)構(gòu)unite .with。Please join this pole to that one.請把這根竿子和那根竿子接起來。This flight connects with New York one.這班飛機在紐約可接上另一趟航班。We should combine theory with practice.我們應(yīng)該理論聯(lián)系實際。高手過招翻譯句子 （原創(chuàng)）這兩個城鎮(zhèn)由一條鐵路連接起來。這些事件之間都有一些微妙的(subtly)聯(lián)系。重點短語9. put forward提出(意見、

20、建議)；推薦；提名；將表撥快He put forward a better plan.他提出了一個更好的計劃。Can I put you/your name forward for golf club secretary?我推薦你（提名讓你）擔(dān)任高爾夫球俱樂部的秘書好嗎？He puts forward several interesting plans.他提出了幾項令人感興趣的計劃。Its an explanation often put forward by our friend.這是我們的朋友經(jīng)常做出的解釋。聯(lián)想拓展put in 打斷；插嘴；進港put off 推遲；延期put on 穿；

21、上演put away 放好put down 寫下put on weight 發(fā)福；長胖put out 生產(chǎn)；撲滅put up 舉起；張貼put back 放回，送回高手過招（1）單項填空At the meeting, he his plan. （原創(chuàng)）A. looked forward to B. put forwardC. took forward D. came forward（2）完成句子 （原創(chuàng)）她正為選舉制度改革提出一些建議。She is some proposals for electoral reform.10. look into調(diào)查；了解；研究；朝里面看聯(lián)想拓展look ar

22、ound/round/about 環(huán)顧四周look after 照顧；照料look back 回頭看look back to/upon/on 回顧；回想look down upon 俯視；輕視look for 尋求；尋找look forward to 盼望look on 旁觀look on/upon.as 把看作look out 往外看；注意；當(dāng)心look through 透過看；瀏覽look up 抬頭看；查閱溫馨提示look into與ones face/eyes等連用，表示“注視”。He looks into her face with great interest.他饒有興趣地注視著她

23、的臉。Lets look into the problem together and figure out a way to solve it.讓我們一起來研究這個問題，想出解決的辦法。高手過招單項填空In other words I should not watch TV, or your shoulder at other people while we are talking together.（201001江西上高檢測） A. look out B. look into C. look at D. look overThere was a fire in the hotel. The

24、is now being looked .（201001山西太原五中檢測） A. reason; through B. reason; into C. cause; through D. cause; into11. apart from除之外；脫離開；此外Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher.除了少數(shù)的幾個缺點外，他是個值得信賴的老師。Apart from being too large, the trousers dont suit me.除了太長，這條褲子的款式也不適合我。There can be no knowledge

25、 apart from practice.沒有知識能脫離實踐。易混辨析apart from/except for/except/besides/but for/in addition to/except that apart from表示“除外（別無）”時相當(dāng)于besides和except for,但apart from還有“除以外（還）”之意。另外，apart from, except for都可用于句首，但except不能。 except“除”（不包括其后的賓語），besides“除了還”（包括其后的賓語）。另外，besides還可以作副詞,表示“并且，而且”。 but for表示“如果不

26、是由于”之意（=If it were not for.或If it had not been for.）。 in addition to 相當(dāng)于besides，表示“除之外，還有”（包括除去內(nèi)容在內(nèi)）。except that后面跟句子，用來表示理由或細節(jié)。高手過招（1）單項填空 English, the speaker also has a good command of Russian and French. （201001河北石家莊檢測）A. Except B. Except forC. Beside D. Apart from （2）用apart from/except for/exce

27、pt/except that/besides填空 （原創(chuàng)）We go there every day Monday.He is a good man his bad temper.Your article is good there are some spelling mistakes. the cost, it will take a lot of time. that, everything goes well. 12. make sense講得通；有道理；有意義(反義詞組make no sense)Your story doesnt make sense to me.你編的故事我聽不明白

28、。It makes good sense to take good care of your health.照顧好你的身體是明智的。 聯(lián)想拓展lose/recover ones sense=be out of ones sense 失去/恢復(fù)知覺;喪失/恢復(fù)理智bring sb. to ones sense 使某人蘇醒過來come to ones sense 蘇醒過來make sense of 理解；明白make no sense 沒有道理；沒有意義in a/one sense 從某種意義來說in all sense 從任何意義上說in no sense 絕不是；絕非There is no s

29、ense in doing sth.做某事沒有道理。高手過招單項填空What he says makes no to her.（201001山東濟南模塊檢測）A. care B. senseC. interest D. meaningThe poem is hard to understand. Can you make of this poem? （201001遼寧大連檢測）A. idea B. knowledgeC. sense D. understanding重點句型13. So many thousands of terrified people died every time the

30、re was an outbreak.每次暴發(fā)（霍亂）時，都有大批驚恐的老百姓死去。本句是一個復(fù)合句，every time引導(dǎo)的是一個時間狀語從句，意思是“每當(dāng)”，相當(dāng)于“when”。另外，此狀語從句中還有一個“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)。So many thousands of terrified people died是主句。聯(lián)想拓展類似的時間狀語歸納：each time每次；每當(dāng) at the time在那個時候；（當(dāng)）的時候 any/next/the first/the last time意為“任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次”。the moment, the minute, the sec

31、ond, the instant, immediately, directly, instantly等都可以引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句，意為“一就”。She went to see him directly she got the letter.她一收到信就去看他了。Immediately the meal was over, he switched on the radio.一吃完飯他就把收音機打開了。She came to the scene the moment she heard of the accident.她一聽說發(fā)生了事故，就立刻趕到了現(xiàn)場。The last time we talked

32、 he said he needed another two days.上次我們談話時他說他還需要兩天。高手過招（1）單項填空She said to me, “Ill tell you the result of test I know it.” （201001陜西師大附中檢測）A. Because B. the momentC. After D. though （2）同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 （原創(chuàng)）I gave Mary the money when I saw her.I gave Mary the money I saw her.14. He placed a fixed sun at the ce

33、ntre of the solar system with the planets going round it .他把太陽固定在太陽系的中心位置上，而行星則圍繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)此句中“with+賓語+賓語補足語(v.ing/v.ed/to do/adj./adv./prep. phrases)”構(gòu)成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)在句中常用作狀語，表示方式，原因或條件等。With the old man leading the way, we started towards the forest.在這位老人的帶領(lǐng)下，我們開始向森林進發(fā)。She ran and ran with beads of sweat running

34、 down her face.她不停地奔跑，汗珠順著臉頰流下來。高手過招翻譯句子老師微笑著走進教室，身后跟著一群小朋友。 隨著考試的結(jié)束，我們的假期開始了。 Part 3Task 4. Exercises in class(隨堂練：)After you scan the text in class, do the following exercises.1. Which scientist discovered that _ objects in water are lifted up by _ force that helps them float?A. the; a B. /; a C.

35、the; the D. /; /2. Who wrote a book _ how animals and plants developed as the environment changed? A. explaining B. explained C. explains D. explain3. Who used peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents _ their children? A. down B. to C. at D. until4. Who invented a lamp to ke

36、ep miners _ underground? A safely B. safety C. safe D. security5. John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so _ that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. A. an expert B. the expert C. expert D. experted6. Cholera was the _ disease of its day, nobody knew the _ of it. A. dead; cure

37、B. deadly; treat C. dead; treatment D. deadly; cure7. When another outbreak _ London in 1854, he was ready to begin his _. A. hit; enquiry B. hits; enquiry C. hitted; enquire D.hitted; enquiry8. In two particular streets_ that more than 500 people died in ten days. A. so severe was the cholera outbr

38、eak so severeB. so severe the cholera outbreak waC. the cholera outbreak was very severeD. the cholera outbreak was quite severe9. Next John _ the source hoping to find the cause of the disease. A. looked into B. looked at C. looked up D. looked down10. In another part of London, he found _ evidence

39、 from two other _ that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A. supported; deaths B. supporting; deaths C supported; death D supporting ; deathTask 5. Consolidation :課后鞏固-能力提升：（詞匯練練吧）1. From many facts, scientists have _ that more energy is being absorbed from the sun, throwing the earths energy

40、 “out of balance”. A. confirmed B. concluded C. concentrated D. centered 2. Don not always _ your own failure _ others. Sometimes you yourself _.A. blame; on; are to be blamed B. blame; for; are to blame C blame; on; are to blame D. blame; for; are to be blamed 3. Dogs have a very good _ of smell wh

41、ich is often used to search for survivors in the disasters. A. sense B. view C. means D. idea 4. Plastic bags are provided for our convenience but they have also _ the pollution of the environment. A. adapted to B. turned to C. concentrate to D. looked forward to 5. Tom applied to several companies

42、after he resigned his position as vice president, but he was_ over and over again. A. rejected B. resisted C. relied D. reacted 6. Reducing the gap between the rich and the poor is one of the main _facing the government. A. difficulties B. challenges C. problems D. conflicts 7. Only after a woman ha

43、s her own child_how difficult it is to be a mother. A. she can realize B. can she realize C. she realizes D. can she realizes 8. Do not _ babies to strong sunlight. A. link B. lead C. use D. expose 9. When I opened the door, I found my father sitting in the chair, completely _ a magazine. A. absorbi

44、ng in B. absorbed in C. absorbing to D. absorbed with10. -how can I operate the machine? -well, just refer to the _. A. explanations B. expressions C. introductions D. instructions11. I feel it is you as well as your wife that_for your sons bad behaviors at school. A. are to blame B. is to blame C. are to be blamed D. is to be blamed12. The teachers