主謂一致 (2)

1、主謂一致1.并列結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時謂語一般用復數(shù) Reading and writing are very important. 但注意：當主語由and連結(jié)時，如果它表示一個單一的概念，即指同一人或同一物時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，and 此時連接的兩個詞前只有一個冠詞，共用一個冠詞用單數(shù)。 The League secretary and monitor was asked to make a speech at the meeting. 這位團支書兼班長被要求在會上發(fā)言。The League secretary and the monitor were asked to make a speech at

2、 the meeting. 團支書和班長被要求在會上發(fā)言。The last and most difficult lesson is Lesson14. 最后一課也是最難的一課是第14課。當each .and each.,every.and every., no.and no.,many a.and many a .結(jié)構(gòu)作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.如： No man and no animal is to be found on the moon. 在月球上沒發(fā)現(xiàn)人和動物. Many a doctor and many a nurse is busy with their work. 許多醫(yī)

3、生和護士都忙于他們的工作.2.由not onlybut also，not justbut，or, eitheror，neithernor連接主語的句子中及在there be句型中，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)按就近原則處理.如： Not only John but also I am going to Shanghai next week. Either you or she is to go. There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. There are twenty boy students and twenty three girl

4、-students in the class. 3.謂語動詞與前面的主語一致 當主語后面跟有with, together with, like（像）, except, but, no less than, as well as 等詞引起的短語時，謂語動詞與前面的主語一致. The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. He as well as I wants to go boating. 4.謂語需用單數(shù) 不定代詞each, another, the other, either, neither, none和

5、由some, any, no, everyone 或thing構(gòu)成的復合代詞作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式.如： Neither of my sisters likes sports .我的妹妹中沒人喜歡運動. Many a student takes a walk on campus after dinner.許多學生晚飯后常在校園里散步. Every boy and girl shows great interest in extra-curriculum activities .每個男孩和女孩對課外活動都表現(xiàn)出很大的興趣. Neither of us has gone through re

6、gular training. 我們兩個都沒經(jīng)過正規(guī)訓練. Nobody wants to go there, does he？ 沒有人想去那里，是吧 1) 代詞each和由every, some, no, any等構(gòu)成的復合代詞作主語，或主語中含有each, every,謂語需用單數(shù). Each of us has a tape-recorder. There is something wrong with my watch. 2) 當主語是一本書或一條格言時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù). The Arabian Nights is a book known to lovers of English.

7、 一千零一夜是英語愛好者熟悉的一本好書. New York Times is a famous newspaper. 紐約時報是一份名報. 某些以-s結(jié)尾的地理名稱，如果是國名，如the United States等，因其是單一政治實體，所以謂語動詞用作單數(shù)。例如： The United States is also a large country. 但：群島，山脈，瀑布等專有名詞如：the Alps, the Philippines, Niagara Falls等作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式.如： Niagara Falls are a splendid scene. 尼亞加拉瀑布是一個壯麗

8、的景象. 以-ics結(jié)尾的學科名詞，如politics, physics, maths等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù).以-s結(jié)尾的名詞news, works, plastics等同屬此類.例如： Politics is now taught in all schools. 現(xiàn)在各學校都開設(shè)政治課. 3) 表示金錢，時間.距離.價格或度量衡的復合名詞作主語時，通常把這些名詞看作一個整體，謂語一般用單數(shù).(用復數(shù)也可，意思不變.) Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. Ten yuan is enough.5.指代

9、意義決定謂語的單復數(shù) 1) 在代詞what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等詞的單復數(shù)由其指代的詞的單復數(shù)決定. All that can be done has been done.(能做的都做了.) all這里指工作。All are present. (所有人都到齊了.) all 這里指人。2) 集體名詞作主語時，謂語的數(shù)要根據(jù)主語的意思來決定.如family, team，group，club, public, audience, crowd, class, company等詞后用復數(shù)形式時，指這個集體時，用單數(shù)謂語動詞. His

10、 family isnt very large. 他家不是一個大家庭. His family are music lovers. 他的家人都是音樂愛好者. 但集合名詞people, police等在任何情況下都用復數(shù)形式. Are there any police around?附近有警察嗎？3)有些名詞，如number, population,等有時看作單數(shù)，有時看作復數(shù). A number of +名詞復數(shù)+復數(shù)動詞. The number of +名詞單數(shù)+單數(shù)動詞. A number of books have lent out. 6.與后接名詞或代詞保持一致 1) 用half of,

11、 part of, most of 等詞引起主語時，動詞通常與of后面的名詞，代詞保持一致. Most of his money is spent on books. Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 2) 在一些短語，如 many a 或 more than one 所修飾的詞作主語時，謂語動詞多用單數(shù)形式.但由more than of 作主語時，動詞應與其后的名詞或代詞保持一致. Many a person has read the novel. 許多人都讀過這本書. More than 60 percent

12、 of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的學生都來自這個城市. 7.the+形容詞/國籍形容詞。表示一類人/一國人，作主語，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 The sick here are very well cared for. 這里的病人都被照顧得很好.8.the+姓氏的復數(shù)，表示一家人或兩夫婦，作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)。 The Blacks are from England.9.四則運算時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Thirty-six from forty-five leaves nine.四十五減去三十六等于九. Six times seven is forty

13、-two. 六乘以七等于四十二. 10.more than one +名詞作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù).例如： More than one teacher gets the flowers. 不止一個教師得到了花. 11.half of, the rest of, most of, all of及百分數(shù)或分數(shù)+of 等后接名詞作主語時，謂語動詞形式根據(jù)of后的名詞而定.例如： Three fourths of the surface of the earth is covered with water.地球表面四分之三為水所覆蓋. 12.all指人時，動詞用復數(shù)；all指物時，動詞用單數(shù).例如：

14、 All are present and all is going well. 所有人全部到場了，一切進展順利 13.each作主語的同位語時，謂語動詞由主語來決定，與each無關(guān).例如： They each have a bike. =Each of them has a book.=They have a book each.他們每人有一輛自行車. 14.如果以what從句作主語，表語又是單數(shù)，主句的謂語動詞一般用單數(shù)；如果表語是復數(shù)，主句的謂語動詞一般用復數(shù).動詞不定式，-ing形式作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數(shù).如： What caused the accident is a compl

15、ete mystery.事故是由什么引起的完全是個謎. What his father left him are a few English books. 他父親留給他的只是幾本英語書而已. What they want to get are a number of good books.他們想得到的是大量的好書. To learn English well is difficult. 學好英語是困難的。Reading often means learning .讀書常意味是學習. Going out for a walk after supper is a good habit.晚飯后出去散

16、步是一個好習慣. To read English aloud every morning does you a lot of good.每天早晨朗讀英語有許多好處. What he said has been recorded .他說的話已被錄音了. Why she did this is not known. 她為什么做這件事還不清楚。當what從句具有兩個或兩個以上的動詞，是表示復數(shù)意義的并列結(jié)構(gòu)時，主句中的謂語動詞多用復數(shù)形式.如： What I say and think are none of your business. 我說的和我想的都與你無關(guān)。 注：由how and why,

17、when and where引導的從句作主語時，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式.如：How and why he had come to Princeton New Jersey is a story of struggle, success and sadness. 他為什么以及怎樣來到新澤西普林斯頓是一個充滿著斗爭，成功和悲哀的故事。 15.有些用來表示由兩個對應部分組成一體的名詞復數(shù)（trousers, glasses, shoes. shorts等）作主語時，前面若有一條,一副,一把之類的單位詞，動詞用單數(shù)；若沒有單位詞或單位詞是復數(shù)，則謂語動詞用復數(shù).例如： The shoes are all

18、 right. 這些鞋子都很合適.但：This pair of shoes is all right.還有一些以-s結(jié)尾的名詞通常用復數(shù): clothes. thanks等 16.one and a half +名詞作主語時，謂語動詞要用復數(shù).例如： One and a half apples are left on the table. 桌子上有一個半蘋果. 17.One or two more +復數(shù)名詞作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù).例如： One or two persons are sent there to help them do the work. 要派一兩個人到那兒去給他們幫忙.

19、18.表示時間，距離，金額，重量，計量等的復數(shù)名詞作主語表達一個整體概念時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù).例如： One million dollars is a lot of money. 一百萬美元是一大筆錢. Eight hours of sleep is enough. 八小時的睡眠足夠了. Ten pounds was missing . 10英鎊錢不見了. 19.當主語是most, the rest, the last等時，其謂語一般應遵循意義一致的原則：如果of后面的名詞是單數(shù)，則用單數(shù)；如果of后面的名詞表示復數(shù)，則用復數(shù).如： Three of us will go, the rest

20、are to stay here. 我們中的三個人去，其余的人留在這里. 20.one of +復數(shù)名詞+定語從句 結(jié)構(gòu)中的主謂一致 在 one of +復數(shù)名詞+定語從句 結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句中謂語動詞用復數(shù).而在the only one of +復數(shù)名詞+定語從句 結(jié)構(gòu)中，定語從句的謂語動詞應用單數(shù)形式如：Mary is one of the girls who play in the band. 瑪麗是參加樂隊演奏的女孩之一.Mary is the only one of the girls who plays in the band. 瑪麗是女孩中唯一參加樂隊演奏的那一個. 主謂一致自測題

21、1.The old _well looked after by the government in China. A.is B.are C. has been D.was2.The secretary and manager _very busy now. A. is B. are C. was D. were3.Both the secretary and the manager _agreed to attend the meeting. A. has B. have C. are D. was4.Tom as well as two of his classmates _invited

22、to the party. A. was B. were C. have been D. had been5.Either you or I _going to the teachers office after class. A. am B. is C. are D. will6.Most of his spare time _spent in reading. A. are B. were C. was D. have been7.This is one of the best novels that _appeared this year. A.have been B. has C. h

23、ad been D. have8.Ten thousand dollars _quite a large sum. A.are B. is C. were D. have 9.About 20 percent of the work _done yesterday. A. are B. is C. were D. was10.Mr Smith，together with his children，_arrived. A. are B. has C. is D. have11.It _I who _leaving for London. A.isis B. amis C. isam D. ama

24、m12.Not only Tom but also his wife _fond of watching television. A. are B. were C. be D. is13.When and where to build the new factory _yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided14.Although the first part of the book is easy, the rest _. A. are difficult B. has p

25、roved difficult C.is supposed difficult D.have been found difficult15.That they were wrong in these matters _ now clear to us all. A. is B. was C. are D. were16.Half of his goods _ stolen the other day. A. are B. were C. is D. was17.Maths _the language of science. A. are B. are going to be C. is D.

26、is to be18.Each of the students _ a Chinese-English dictionary. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are19.They each _ a beautiful handkerchief. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are 20.Between the two rows of trees _the teaching building. A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are21.This pair of shoes

27、_made in Nanjing. A.is B. are C. have been D. had been22.No one except my parents _anything about it. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. have known23.A number of students _from the south. A. are B. is C. have D. has24.The number of students from the north _small. A. are B. is C. have D. has25.Writing

28、 stories and articles _what I enjoy most， A. is B. are C. was D. were26.His “Selected Poems” _first published in 1965. A. were B. was C. has been D. are27.Miss Smith is a friend of _. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mothers of Mary D. Mary mothers28.A good deal of money _spent on books. A. have

29、B. has C. have been D. has been29.On the wall _ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging30._turn green in spring. A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves31.Father went to his doctor for _about his heart trouble. A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices32.All but one _here just

30、now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were 33.The number of people invited _fifty. but a number of them _absent for different reasons. A.were； was B. was；was C. was；were D. were；were34.The air in big cities _very dirty by factories. A. are often made B. is often made C. have often made D. has often made3

31、5.Nobody _to smoke in the cinema. A. allows B. allow C. is allowed D. are allowed36.The Chinese people _hard-working and brave. A. are B. is C. has been D.are being37. _can be done _been done. A. All; have B. All that; have C. All; has D. All that; has38.John has two brothers，but either _out of work

32、 now. A. are B. is C. has D. have39.The police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. A. is searching for B. were searching for C. are searching for D. were searching40.Apples of this kind _. A. tastes good B. tastes well C. taste good D. taste well41.Your trousers _dirty， you must have _washed. A. is；it B. are； it C. are；