完井工具材質(zhì)

1、Materials Selection for Various Service,Conditions,不同環(huán)境下材料的選擇,?,Non-corrosive/Mildly sour service,無腐蝕，微酸性環(huán)境,?,CO,2,Corrosion/Intermediate Service(Wt. Loss,Corrosion),二氧化碳腐蝕，質(zhì)量損失腐蝕,?,Highly corrosive service (high CO,2,/high H,2,S/high T),嚴(yán)重腐蝕環(huán)境（高溫，高含硫，高含二氧化碳）,?,Water injection service,注水環(huán)境,Completio

2、n Equipment Materials as a,Function of Customers Tubing,與油管相對應(yīng),Tubing Material,油管材質(zhì),?,J-55, C-75, N-80, L-80,?,C-90/ T-95,?,13Cr (420 Mod.),?,Super 13Cr,?,22/25Cr (Duplex),?,825,?,C-276,Completion Equipment Material,完井工,?,4130/4140,?,4130 Modified (90 ksi), T-95, 925 for,polished bores,?,410/13Cr, 4

3、20 Mod.,?,Super 13Cr,?,25Cr or 718,?,925, 718,?,725,Materials Selection Guide,材質(zhì)選擇指,Environment,使用環(huán)境,?,Non-Corrosive Service,無腐蝕環(huán)境,?,4130/4140 (polished bores,打磨的口徑,9 Cr-,?,Slightly Corrosive to Moderately Corrosive,?,4130 External,外表,(22 HRc max) 9 Cr-1 Mo,Low H,2,S, CO,2,+ Water Low Temperatures,W

4、etted,250,F,低腐蝕環(huán)境，低含硫，,Co2,，低溫小于,250F,?,CO,2,Corrosion, Trace H,2,S,二氧化碳腐蝕，微硫化氫,?,22/25Cr S.S.,?,CO,2,Corrosion, Low H,2,S Higher Temperatures,?,22/25Cr S.S.,?,二氧化碳腐蝕，低硫化氫，更高溫,?,925/718 (Ni-Cr) alloys,?,Severely Corrosive H,2,S, CO,2, up to 300,F,?,725, C-276, etc.,?,嚴(yán)重的硫化氫，二氧化碳腐蝕，高溫至,300F,?,Severel

5、y Corrosive + Temperatures over 300,F,嚴(yán)重腐蝕，溫度超過,300F,Alloy Recommended,推薦使用合金,Equipment for Standard/ Low H,2,S,Service,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或低含硫環(huán)境的材質(zhì)選擇,?,Low alloy steels, 4130/4130 used for most completion,equipment.,低合金鋼，,4130,適用于絕大多數(shù)的完井工具,?,Flow wetted components in safety valves are made,from 9Cr-1Mo. Polished bo

6、re components ie. Nipples,are made from 9Cr-1Mo or higher alloys.,流體經(jīng)過部分材,1Mo,，外表面材質(zhì),9Cr-1Mo,或者更高質(zhì)量的合金。,?,LA steels and 9Cr-1Mo are usually heat treated to,80ksi YS and hardness controlled to HRC 22 per NACE,std. LA,合金和,9Cr-1Mo,經(jīng)過回火處理后可以達(dá)到,80Ksi,屈,度，,HRC,硬度,22.,?,Prime consideration is given for wei

7、ght loss corrosion,issues. Goal is 10-20 year service life and beyond if,required.,首要考慮的是由于質(zhì)量損失引起的腐蝕，目標(biāo)是,年的服務(wù)年限，或者更高。,CO,2,Corrosion and Intermediate Service,二氧化碳腐蝕環(huán)境,?,Generally, 13Cr, Super 13Cr and are used.,?,一般使用,13Cr,，或者超級,13Cr,。,410-13Cr,420 Mod,F6NM,17-4PH,Ally 450,Super 13Cr,Super Duplex,Ca

8、rbon,碳,Chromium,鉻,Nickel,鎳,Molybdenum,鉬,Copper,銅,0.08,0.15,12.5,13.5,0.50,-,-,0.15,0.22,12,14,0.50,-,0.25,80,0.06,12,14,3.5,4.5,0.3,0.7,-,80,0.07,15.5,17.5,3,5,-,3,5,105,0.05,14,16,5,7,0.5,1.0,1.25,1.75,85-95,0.03,12,14,4,5,1.5,3,0.15,95,0.03,24- 26,6,8,3,4,1,80,Min. Y,.S. , ksi,80,最小抗拉強(qiáng)度,（,ksi,）,Ma

9、x HRc,22,最大洛氏硬度,22,23,33,31,28,Q&T,28,Ann.,Heat Treatment,Q & T Double T Q&T,熱處理工藝,Good,良好,CO2 Resistance,抗,CO2,性能,Poor,差,H2 S,CT,Resistance,抗硫化氫性能,Good,良好,Poor,差,Q & Double T,Ann. & Double,Ann. & Age,Age,Good,良好,Poor,差,Good,良好,Poor,差,Excellent,優(yōu)秀,Excellent,優(yōu)秀,Excellent,優(yōu)秀,Poor,差,Poor,差,Poor,差,Modif

10、ied 13Cr Stainless Steels,改良,13Cr,合金,?,Offer Higher Strength,更高屈服強(qiáng)度,95 and 110 ksi Grades 95,和,110,兩種鋼級,?,Higher Toughness,更高抗沖擊性能,?,Higher CO,2,Resistance,更高抗二氧化碳腐蝕性能,?,Moderate Cost Increase,成本較少提升,?,Availability in Bar Stock,可用于毛坯料加工,?,Poor in H,2,S,抗二氧化硫腐蝕能力差,Modern CRA Development,現(xiàn)代,CRA,（耐腐蝕合金

11、）發(fā)展,?,Introduction began in the early 1970s,七十年到引入行業(yè),?,CRAs used today are Fe or Ni-based alloys, some Ti,Alloys,現(xiàn)金合金多為鐵基合金和鎳基合金，少數(shù)為鈦基合金,?,Advances in manufacturing occurred to meet,mechanical strength requirements,生產(chǎn)工藝的發(fā)展?jié)M足了合金,工具對機(jī)械強(qiáng)度的要求,?,Had to optimize composition and heat treatments,define serv

12、ice limits,優(yōu)化了合金結(jié)構(gòu)和熱處理工藝，對,服務(wù)環(huán)境進(jìn)行了明確定義。,?,Alter thread designs,改變了絲扣設(shè)計(jì),?,Advances in NDE technology occurred,無損檢測技術(shù)出現(xiàn),Modern CRA Development,現(xiàn)代,CRA,發(fā)展,Why Use CRAs?,為什么使用,CRA,？,?,Corrosion inhibition may be unproven or not effective,enough.,腐蝕抑制劑不能達(dá)到理想效果,?,Cost of CRAs can be justified by loss of do

13、wntime due,to downhole inhibitor treatments, workover avoidance,increased gas rates due to lower friction factor of CRA,surface.,由于井下抑制劑而減少了停工期，彌補(bǔ)了因使用,CRA,帶來的成本增加。,?,High reliability when selected properly to match,environment.,一旦根據(jù)井下環(huán)境而選擇了合適的合金，,其井下表現(xiàn)十分可靠。,Alloy 718,合金,718,?,Aerospace alloy that wa

14、s optimized for use in oil and gas,industry,在油氣田工業(yè)航空合金充分的利用,?,Used for components in safety valves, gas lift valves, packers,etc.,用于安全閥，氣舉閥，封隔器等的組成部分,?,Large effort to optimize heat treatments to obtain combination of,strength, toughness and corrosion resistance required.,盡可能優(yōu)選熱處理來得到強(qiáng)度、韌度以及抗腐蝕性的需求,?

15、,Solution Anneal 1850,F-1900,F 1hr min- 2hrs,?,融化退火,1850,F-1900,F 1,小時(shí)（最?。?-2,小時(shí),?,Age 6hrs min,8hrs 1425-1475,F,?,持續(xù)時(shí)間,6,小時(shí)（最?。?-8,小時(shí)在,1425-1475,F,?,Typical properties 120ksi YS, Charpy impact value min. 35 ft-lbs,H,典型的性質(zhì)：,120ksi,屈服強(qiáng)度，夏氏沖擊值最小,35,英尺磅、洛氏硬度,32-40,Alloy 925/718,合金,925/718,?,Yield Stren

16、gth:,925 - 110 ksi Min. 925-110ksi,最小,屈服強(qiáng)度：,718 - 120 or 130 ksi Min.718-120,或,130ksi,最小,?,Isotropic,均質(zhì)的,?,Excellent Corrosion Resistance,極好的抗腐蝕性,?,Available in all sizes in Bar Stocks,可用于各種尺寸的棒材,?,Compliance to NACE Standard MR0175,符合防腐工程師協(xié)會標(biāo)準(zhǔn),MR,?,No concerns with acidizing,適應(yīng)酸化條件,?,Experienced in

17、 HP/HT,適用于在高溫高壓,?,Smaller OD/Larger ID,小外徑,/,大內(nèi)徑,?,Weldable,可焊的,?,Only 5% drop in y.s. at 350oF,在,350oF,的溫度下只有小于,5%,屈服,SSSV,安全閥,Nipple,坐落短節(jié),SPM,材質(zhì),Packer,封隔器,Material Selection for,Completion Equipment,完井設(shè)備的材料選擇,General and/or,Intermediate,Severe and/or,Water injection,Sour service,and/or CO,2,H,2,S

18、-CO,2,service,Service,一般和,/,或酸化服務(wù),Service,服務(wù)和,/,或,H,2,S-CO,2,注水服務(wù),過渡的和,/,或,CO,2,服務(wù),服務(wù),9CR, fl. Wet 4140,13CR fl wet 4140,925/718 f.w. Or all,17-4PH or 25Cr,ext.,ext or (all 13CR for,925/718 (for,Oxygen kept to a,13CR tubing),duplex or 825,minimum.,氧氣保持一,tubing),個(gè)最小值。,9CR,13CR,925/718,17-4PH or 25Cr,

19、4130,410,925/718,17-4PH, Custom,450, 25Cr,4130/4140,13CR f.w. 4140 ext.,925/718 f.w. 4140,4140 ext., 17-4PH,ext.,or 25Cr f.w. parts,Field A Reservoir Data,A,油田儲集層數(shù)據(jù),大孔眼射孔器,BHP,井底溫度,BHT,井口溫度,FWHT,關(guān)井井口壓力,SI WHP,井的流體,Well Fluid,實(shí)際垂深,Depth (TVD),采油速度,Production rate,汽油比,GOR,硫化氫,H,2,S,二氧化碳,CO,2,氯離子濃度,Cl-

20、,汞離子,Mercury,Scale,規(guī)模,甲醇,Methanol,910 Bar (13,195 psi),170o (338 oF),145 oC (293 oF),720 Bar (10,440 psi),Gas Condensate,凝析氣,4,600 Meters (15,093 feet),2 mmscmd/2,200 scmd,(71 mmscfd/14,400 bpd),900,11 - 30 ppm (0.14-0.39 psia),4-7% (527 - 925 psia),5,000 mg/l,Traces,追蹤,Yes,Injected,注入,Well Completi

21、ons,完井,5000 m: 7”, 26 lb/ft.,Total tubing,合計(jì)油管總重,:,Total equipment,合計(jì)工具總重,:,430 tons 430,45 tons 45,噸,噸,?,?,Relative Cost,相對成本,RAW MATERIAL BAR STOCK,ALLOY,$/lb.,4130,1.0,4140,1.0,9Cr,1.5,410-13Cr,2.0,420 Mod.,2.0,17-4,3.0,304,2.5,316,3.0,S13Cr,5.0,450,6.0,918,5.5,Monel K-500,12,925,11.5,718,12,625M,20,725,20,C-276,50,MP35N,60,Relative Cost of TRM/TRC SCSSV,TRM/TRC,安全閥的相對成本,Valve Material,材質(zhì),9Cr Flow Wetted,All 13 Cr ss,All 718,Relative Cost,相對成本,TRM,TRC,1.0,1,1.3,1.5,2,3,Surface Treatments,Corrosion, wear, friction, etc. occur on the surface,表面處理,發(fā)生在表面的腐蝕，磨損，摩擦等,Applicatio