非謂語(yǔ)[1].ppt

1、The Participle As an Attributive （分詞做狀語(yǔ)）,I. -ing Participle as Attributive,主動(dòng)式：doing 被動(dòng)式：being done,These new words are adopted or coined to answer the needs of the changing society.,Look at the sleeping boy!,the society that is changing,the boy who is sleeping,1.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)，意義上接近一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作、一個(gè)經(jīng)常

2、性的動(dòng)作或某一種狀態(tài)。,My uncle, working in the south, will be coming in a few days.,My uncle, who works in the south,1. These new words are adopted or coined to answer the needs of the changing society.,2. Look at the sleeping boy!,3. My uncle, working in the south, will be coming in a few days.,2.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般

3、而言，一個(gè)單詞應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的前面；現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)則必須置于其后。,3.用現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意分詞所表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間。 (1)現(xiàn)在分詞表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（變?yōu)閺木鋾r(shí)要用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)） (2)現(xiàn)在分詞表示經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，變?yōu)閺木鋾r(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 The man standing there is our headmaster. There were a lot of boys playing football on the playground at that time. They lived in a room facing south. My uncle, working

4、 in the south, will be coming in a few days.,并不是所有的定語(yǔ)從句可以用分詞短語(yǔ)替換。 1. The man who came this morning is our class teacher. 2. Can you tell me the accident that happened yesterday? 3. Those who have finished their work can go home now. 4. Is there anyone who can answer this question? 5. The problem tha

5、t is being discussed now is really difficult to deal with. 6. A century before the birth of Christ, tea was described as a health drink that made one live longer.,being discussed now,making one live longer.,The Gerund or the Present Participle ?,a sleeping boy =,a bag for sleeping (用途，性質(zhì)),a boy who

6、is sleeping （狀態(tài)或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作）,a sleeping bag =,an amusing cross talk,a washing machine,drinking water,Smiling faces,the rising sun,the waiting room,the dancing girls,II. -ed Participle as Attributive,done,過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ) 1. 作定語(yǔ)用的過(guò)去分詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，其邏輯主語(yǔ)就是它所修飾的名詞。 2. 及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，既表被動(dòng)又表完成；不及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)，只表完成。 * The speech

7、 given by Professor Li was a great success. * The computer center, built last term, is very popular among the students in the school. * fallen leaves; the risen sun; a developed country,Practice:,1. The meeting _ (hold) tomorrow is important,2. The meeting _ (hold) now is important.,3. The meeting _

8、(hold) yesterday is important.,to be held,being held,held,Translation： 1.冉冉升起的太陽(yáng) 2.受苦的人民 3.放在桌子上的錢(qián)夾 4.站在樹(shù)下的男孩 5.芬芳的花朵,the rising sun,the suffering people,the wallet lying on the desk,the boy standing under the tree,the flowers smelling sweet,6.驚訝的表情 7.在超市購(gòu)買(mǎi)的食品 8.事故中受傷的人們 9.走丟的孩子 10.飯后水果,the surprise

9、d expression,the goods bought in the supermarket,the people injured in the accident,the lost child,/ the missing child,the fruit served after dinner,The Participle As a Predicative （分詞做表語(yǔ)）,1.現(xiàn)在分詞 在句子中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ) 現(xiàn)在分詞在句子中作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)所具有的特征。 Football is exciting to most of the boys The situation is encouraging.,

10、動(dòng)名詞作表語(yǔ)表示抽象的一般性的行為。 Her job is teaching disabled children. Reading is learning, but applying is also learning,2.過(guò)去分詞 在句子中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ) 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)，主要是表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)，而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則表示動(dòng)作。 He is retired. The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday,Passive voice,The Participle As an Object Complement （分詞做賓補(bǔ)）,We saw him _.,We sa

11、w _,We saw_,jump into the box,them dancing,him knocked down,1. see, look at, notice, observe, watch, hear, listen to, feel . 2. get, have, find, keep, leave . 3. with + O. + doing/done catch sb. doing, last see sb. doing make oneself done,注意： 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)時(shí)表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生（即處于發(fā)生的過(guò)程中，還沒(méi)有結(jié)束）或者動(dòng)作持續(xù) When I ent

12、ered the room, I found him reading something aloud. I heard her crying the whole night. The manager kept us waiting for a long time.,上面這類(lèi)句子也可以變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。 We were kept waiting for quite a lot of time. She was heard crying the whole night.,過(guò)去分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)，動(dòng)作完成，或狀態(tài)。 1. I heard the song sung in English. 我聽(tīng)到有

13、人用英語(yǔ)唱過(guò)這首歌。 2. He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。,1. 過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由他人完成。 * He had his money stolen.他的錢(qián)給偷了。（被別人偷去了） 2. 過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句中的主語(yǔ)所經(jīng)歷。 * He had his leg broken.他的腿斷了。 （自己的經(jīng)歷）,We can see a boy singing in the picture.,We can see a boy singing in the picture.,主語(yǔ) 謂語(yǔ) 賓語(yǔ),賓補(bǔ),V+-ing的作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的用法,Ob

14、ject Complement(作賓補(bǔ))： Sometimes an ing form is placed after the noun it modifies(修飾).,過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) （一）能夠接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞： 1. 表示感覺(jué)或心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞。如：see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, 等。 (1) I heard the song sung in English. 我聽(tīng)到有人用英語(yǔ)唱過(guò)這首歌。（過(guò)去分詞sung的動(dòng)作顯然先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作heard；） (2)He found his hometow

15、n greatly changed. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)他的家鄉(xiāng)變化很大。（過(guò)去分詞changed的動(dòng)作顯然先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作found）,2. 表示“致使”意義的動(dòng)詞。如：have, make, get, keep, leave等。 (1) Ill have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理發(fā)。 (2) He got his tooth pulled out yesterday. 他昨天把牙拔了。 (3) Dont leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完。 【注意】過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作一定和賓語(yǔ)有邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。,（二）使役動(dòng)詞have接過(guò)去分詞作賓補(bǔ)有兩種情況。 1. 過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由他人完成。 (1) He had his money stolen.他的錢(qián)給偷了。（被別人偷去了） 2. 過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作由句中的主語(yǔ)所經(jīng)歷。如： (2) He had his leg broken.他的腿斷了。 （自己的經(jīng)歷）,現(xiàn)在分詞與過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的區(qū)別: 現(xiàn)在分詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，如： Im sorry to have kept you waiting for so long. I could feel the cold wi