定語從句詳解ppt精選課件

.,Welcome,.,.,.,定語從句：,由一個句子充當定語,從句的位置：,在名詞或代詞后,先行詞：被定語從句修飾的詞,引導詞：,引導定語從句的詞關系代詞關系副詞,引導詞的作用:(1)引導定語從句(2)在從句中作一成分(3)代替先行詞在從句中的位置,.,.,HeisthefirstChinesewhowenttothespace.,楊利偉,費俊龍,.,Weareallproudofthemanwhowasafamousbasketballplayer.,姚明,郭敬明,.,Theactor/actresswhohasbigeyesisverypopular.,楊冪,小沈陽,.,HeisthefirstChinesewhowenttothespace.Weareallproudofthemanwhowasafamousbasketballplayer.Theactor/actresswhohasbigeyesisverypopular.,.,1.HeisthefirstChinesewhowenttothespace.,.,Weareallproudofthemanwhowasafamousbasketballplayer.,.,Theactor/actresswhohasbigeyesisverypopular.,.,.,thehandsomethetallthestrongtheclever,boy,TheboyisXiaoMing.Theboyishandsome.,TheboywhoishandsomeisXiaoMing.,TheboywhoistallisXiaoMing.,TheboywhoisstrongisXiaoMing,TheboywhoiscleverisXiaoMing,.,TheboyisXiaoMing.Theboyissmiling.,TheboyisXiaoMing.Theboyhasaroundface.,Theboy,TheboywhohasaroundfaceisXiaoMing.,TheboyisXiaoMing.Theboysitsinfrontofme.,TheboywhositsinfrontofmeisXiaoMing.,whoissmiling(主語),isXiaoMing.,.,Thewomangotthejob.ThewomancanspeakRussian.,ThewomanwhocanspeakRussiangotthejob.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Theteacherisfamous.,Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.,.,Ex:Heistheteacher.TheteachercanspeakFrench.,HeistheteacherwhocanspeakFrench.,Doyouknowtheman?Themancametovisityoutoday.,Doyouknowthemanwhocametovisityoutoday?,.,.,.,Themaniskind.Everyonelikestheman.,Theman,Thewomanisbeautiful.Wesawthewomanonthestreet.,Thewoman(whom)wesawonthestreetisbeautiful.,Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Wemettheteacheryesterday.,Theteacher(whom)wemetyesterdaywillgiveusatalk.,(whom)everyonelikes(賓語),iskind.,.,Theladysteppedonhisfoot.Hewasdancingwiththelady.,Thelady(whom)hewasdancingwithsteppedonhisfoot.,Doyouknowtheman?Youwillvisithimtoday.,Doyouknowtheman(whom)youwillvisittoday?,.,.,apple,theredthegreenthesmallthebig,Theapplewhichisredismine.,Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.,Theapplewhichisredissmall,Theapplewhichisgreenisbig.,.,Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.,Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhichiseatingherflowers.,Canyoulendmethebook?Youtalkedaboutitlastnight.,Canyoulendmethebook（which）youtalkedaboutlastnight.,（主語）,（賓語）,.,.,CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutZhengHe?-Sure.HewasaMingDynastyexplorer_theChinesepeopleareproudof?A.whichB.whoseC.whomD.whereIhearthatLilysbrotherisaworkerhere.-Look,theman_isworkingoverthereisherbrother.A.whoB.whomC.whatD.which,C,A,.,Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?Ilikethemovies_areaboutChinesehistory.A.whoB.whomC.whoseDwhichIvebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudents_ImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whomB.whereC.whenD.whichWhatareyoulookingfor?-Imlookingforthering_myhusbandboughtmelastyear.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.it,D,A,A,.,Imlookingatthephoto_yousentmewithyourletter.AwhoBwhomCwhichDitWhoisyournewheadteacherthissemester?-Thewoman_iswearingaredskirt.A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.whichJimdislikespeople_talkmuchbutneverdoanything.A.whomB.whenC.whoseD.who,B,D,C,.,that指人/物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）,Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.,Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.,.,Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.,4.that指人/物，作主語或賓語(作賓語可省略）,Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.,.,that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,一般用that而不用which。,Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.,Ivereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.,Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.,Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.,(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時。,(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時。,(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。,(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。,.,(5)先行詞是who或who引導的主句。Whoisthegirlthatdrovethecar?Whothatbrokethewindowwillbepunished.(6)主句以Therebe引導時Thereare200peoplethatdidntknowthething.(7)當先行詞在定語從句中作be表語時，關系代詞用that.Sheisntthegirlthatshewas10yearsago.(8)當先行詞是which時，關系代詞用that.Whichisthebookthatyouboughtlastweek?,.,1.Thisisall_Iknowaboutthematter.A.thatB.whatC.whoD.whether2Isthereanythingelse_yourequire?A.whichB.thatC.whoD.what3.Thelastplace_wevisitedwastheGreatWall.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.it4.Hetalkedhappilyaboutthemenandbooks_interestedhimgreatlyintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.itD.whom5.Thereisnodictionary_youcanfindeverything.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.inthat6.Thisisoneofthebestbooks_.A.thathaveeverbeenwrittenC.thathaswrittenB.thathaseverbeenwrittenD.thathavewritten,A,B,B,B,C,A,.,7.Hewrotealettertome,tellingmeeverything_hesawonthewaytotheParis.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.where8.Isoxygentheonlygas_helpsfireburn?A.thatB./C.whichD.it9.Isthereanything_toyou?A.thatisbelongedB.thatbelongsC.whichbelongsD.thatbelong10.Thescientistandhisachievements_youtoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.whose11.Whichofthebooks_wereborrowedfromhimisthebest?A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whose,B,A,B,B,C,.,12.Theterribletyphoonkilledthepeopleandcattle_wereinthefields.13.Thewindblewdownthetallesttree_isinfrontofourschoolgate.14.Thisistheverything_Iwaslookingfor.15.Thisisthesecondnovel_Ihaveeverread.16.Thereisnothingintheworld_canfrightenme.17.Whoistheman_isreadingunderthetree?18.Myhometownisnotthesameone_itusedtobetwentyyearsago.,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,.,who,that（先行詞為人）區(qū)別,1.用who不用that的情況：,(1)當先行詞為one,ones,anyone,those時。(2)當先行詞為人稱代詞時。,HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.Thosewhohaveanydifficultywithpronunciationshouldpractise,2.只能用which的情況:,1.介詞前置時關系代詞只能用which(先行詞為物)2.引導非限制性定語從句修飾某物或整個句子時只能用which(1)Shefailedtheexam,whichmadeherparentsvaryangry.(2)Myglasses,withoutwhichIwaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbroke.,.,Thisteacherislikedbyallthestudents.Iworkwithherson.,Thisteacher,withwhosesonIwork,islikedbyallthestudents,Thebosshadheardabouttheaccident.MrKingworkedinhisdepartment.,ThebossinwhosedepartmentMrKingworkedhadheardabouttheaccident.,.,1Theriver_arecoveredwithtreesisverylong.AwhichbanksBofwhichbanksCwhosebanksDthebanksofwhich2shelikestousewords_iscleartohim.AofwhichthemeaningBofwhichmeaningCwhoseofmeaningDmeaningofwhich3Themanager_companytheyworkedagreed_theirdecision.Awhich,withBinwhich,toCwhose,withDinwhose,with4Look!Thedictionary,_isred,isabirthdaygiftgivenbymyparents.AwhichcoverBthecoverofwhichCthewhosecoverDthatthecover5MrBrown,_,worksasthemanagerofthecompany.AwegothereinhiscarBwegotherebycarCinwhosecarwegothereDbywhosecarwegothere,D,A,D,B,C,.,As也可以用來引導定語從句.,當先行詞與as,so,such,thesame連用或先行詞本身是such,thesame時,關系代詞用as.As在從句中作主語、賓語或表語。,1.Heisnotsuchamanasonlythinksofhimself.2.IshouldliketousethesamepenasIusedyesterday.3.Suchproblemsasareoftenmentionedshouldbesolved.4.Iwillreadasmanybooksasarerequired.5.Hereissobigastoneasnoonecanlift.,.,.,MrKingwasquicklytakentohospital.Herlegswerebadlyhurt.,MrKing,whoselegswerebadlyhurt,wasquicklytakentohospital.,WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing.Ihavetoldyouherstory.,WeshallmakeadecisionaboutMsKing,whosestoryIhavetoldyou.,.,.,Thechairisbeingrepairednow.Thelegsofthechairarebroken.,Thechair,whoselegsarebrokenisbeingrepaired.,Thebossofthecompanytoldthestoryabout.HisnamewasMrLittle.,Thebossofthecompany,whosenamewasMrLittle,toldthestoryaboutMsKing,.,6Willyoupleaseshowmethegirl_nameisLinda?AwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhich7Itwasameeting,_importanceIdidnotrealizeatthetime.AwhichBofwhichCitsDwhose8Doyouknowwhoislivinginthathouse_windowsfacesouth?AwhoseBwhichCwhichofDits9whataboutthewatchpriceis100yuan？AthatBitsCwhichDwhose,C,D,A,D,.,when在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當于“介詞+關系代詞（which）”。,IllneverforgetthedaywhenIjoinedtheleague,onwhich,where在定語從句中作地點狀語，相當于“介詞+關系代詞（which）”。,ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.,inwhich,.,why在定語從句中作原因狀語，相當于“介詞for+關系代詞（which）”。,Doyouknowthereasonwhyshewaslate.,Itrainedheavily,forwhichhewaslatefortheclass.,1.Thisisthetown_Iwasborn.Thisisthetown_Ivisitedlastweek.2.Iwillneverforgettheday_Icametoschool.Iwillneverforgettheday_Ispentwithyou.3.Thisisthereason_hewaslate.Thisisthereason_hetoldme.Thereason_heexplainedisnottrue.,where,which,when,which,why,which,which,.,“介詞關系代詞(whom/which)”引導定語從句應注意：1介詞的選用至少要考慮以下的兩個因素A.與先行詞的搭配關系1）Iwillneverforgettheday_Ijoinedthearmy.2)Iwillneverforgetthedays_Iworkedintheschool.3)Iwillneverforgettheyear_mysonwenttocollege.4)Igothomeat7:00p.m.yesterday,_mostpeoplehadhadsupper.,onwhich,duringwhich,inwhich,bywhich,.,B.與謂語動詞的搭配習慣1）Haveyoufoundthebook_Ipaid29USdollars?2)Haveyoufoundthebook_Ispent29USdollars?3)Haveyoufoundthebook_welearntalot?4)Haveyoufoundthebook_sheoftentalks?,forwhich,onwhich,fromwhich,aboutwhich,.,Theboy(whom)youwanttotalktoisinthelab.Theboytowhomyouwanttotalkisinthelab.,Theboyisinthelab.Youwanttotalktohim,Theboy(whom/that)youwanttotalktoisinthelab.,Theboytowhomyouwanttotalkisinthelab.,.,Thisistheboy.Isitbehindhim.,Thisistheboy(whom/that)Isitbehind.,ThisistheboybehindwhomIsit.,Doyoufindthepen?Iwrotewithitjustnow,Doyoufindthepen(which/that)Iwrotewithjustnow?,DoyoufindthepenwithwhichIwrotejustnow?,.,關系代詞作介詞賓語的幾種結構：,1.介詞+whomwhich,Thewomangeneralstillrememberthedayonwhichshejoinedthearmy,2.介詞短語+whichwhom,Thefishermanlivedinasmallhouseinfrontofwhichliesawell.,3.不定代詞或數(shù)詞+whichwhom,Therearemanybookshere,noneofwhichbelongstome.Chinahasalotoffamouswriters,oneofwhomisLuxun.,4.名詞+ofwhich,Shementionedamagazine,thetitleofwhichIhaveforgotten.,Shementionedamagazine,thetitleofwhichIhaveforgotten.,.,partofwhom/which,Thereare23studentsinourclass,A:_(他們都）lovemothersdeeply.B:_（大多數(shù)）arefromcountryside.C:_（有些）arefromXiabanchengD:_（沒有一個）arefromBeijing,allofwhom,mostofwhom,someofwhom,noneofwhom,Thereare23studentsinourclass.(,and)A:_(他們都）lovemothersdeeply.B:_（大多數(shù)）arefromcountryside.C:_（有些）arefromXiabanchengD:_（沒有一個）arefromBeijing,allofthem,mostofthem,someofthem,noneofthem,.,Everystudenthasmanybooks,A:_（大多數(shù)）aretextbooks.B:_（一些）areextracurricularbooks.C:_（其余的）arereferencebooks.D:_（沒有一本）arenovels.E:_（有幾本）areEnglishbooks.,mostofwhich,someofwhich,therestofwhich,noneofwhich,severalofwhich,.,1.Doyouknowwholivesinthe：building_thereisawell?A.infrontofitB.infrontofwhoseC.infrontofwhichD.infrontwhich2.Illneverforgettheday_IjoinedtheLeague.A.onwhichB.inwhichC.whichD.atwhich3.Thewoman_mybrotherspokejustnowismyteacher.A.whoB.towhomC.towhoDwhom4.Jeannewasheroldfriend,_sheborrowedanecklace.A.fromwhoB.fromwhomC.tothatD.towhom5.Hisglasses,_hewaslikeablindman,felltothegroundandbrokeitsleg.A.whichB.withwhichC.withoutwhichD.that,C,A,B,B,C,做做試試,.,6.sheisateacherofmuchknowledge,_muchcanbelearned.A.whoB.thatC.fromwhichD.fromwhom7.Hebuiltatelescope_hecouldstudytheskies.A.inwhichB.withthatC.throughwhichD.byit8.Doyouknowthereason_hewaslate?A.thatB.whichC.forwhatD.forwhich9.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,_writeswell.A.noneofwhichB.neitherofwhichC.noneofthemD.neitherofthem10.TheSecondWorldWar_millionsofpeoplewerekilledin1945.A.duringwhichB.inthatC.whereD.onwhich,D,C,D,B,A,.,11.Chinahasmanyrivers,_theChangjiangRiveristhelongest.A.whichB.inwhichC.amongwhichD.oneofwhich12.Thisistheveryknife_Iusedtocutapplesyesterday.A.thatB.bywhichC.whichD.withwhich13.Thespeed_whichyoudriveyourcarmustnttoohigh.14.Intheparktherearemanyflowers,thecolour_whichisbrightandnice.15.Thelittlegirlisreadingabook,_whichtherearemanypictures.16.Whatwerethethings_whichhewasnottoosure,C,D,at,of,in,of,.,17.Theyheldameeting,_whichthehospitaldirectormadeaspeech.18.Thebook,_whichhepaid6yuan,isworthreading.19.Isthistheman_whosehousethepolicefoundthelostcolouredTV?20.Thevillagersdugalongtunnel_whichtheycouldgotothefieldswithoutbeingfoundbytheJapanesesoldiers.21.WuDong,_whomIwenttotheconcert,enjoyeditverymuch.22.ThestoriesaboutLongMarch,_whichthisisoneexample,arewellwritten.,at,for,in,through,with,of,.,1.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof_hadnotbeencleanedforatleastoneyear.2.Inthedarkstreet,therewasnotasingleperson_shecouldturnforhelp.3.Chinahasalotofislands,thelargest_isTaiwan.4.Theoldladyhadonesonandtwodaughters,_treatedherwell,_madeherverysad.5.Therearefortystudentsinourclass,_20aregirls;therestareboys.,which,Towhom,ofwhich,noneofwhich,which,ofwhom,.,限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句：,Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.,限制性定語從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意義。這種從句和主句關系十分密切，寫時不用逗號分開。,非限制性定語從句和主句關系不很密切，只是對先行詞作些附加說明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。這種從句，寫時往往逗號分開。,.,1.Hismother,whomheloveddearly,wentabroad.2.Thismachine,whichhehaslookedafterformanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.3.Aqiao,whoseparentshaddied,hadtomakealivingbyherself.4.Thefamily,wholivedupstairs,arefondofmusic.,說明：非限制性定語不能用that引導；作賓語用的關系代詞不能??；要用逗號隔開。,.,.,*As和which引導非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：,Which引導的從句與主句關系較密切，常放在主句之后；而as引導從句，可放在句首、句中或句尾。Which既可代指先行詞，又可代指整個主句的內容。相當于“andthis”or“andthat”.譯為“這一點”。而as則只能代指整個主句的內容。譯為“正如.那樣”，且已形成固定結構。如：asisknown,asissaid,asisreported,asisoftenthecase,asisexpected.Etc.eg.Einstein,asisknown,isafamousscientist.Asisreported,Chinahasbecomeanimportantcountryintheworld.Hedidntcometoattendthemeeting,asisexpected.Bambooishollow,whichmakesitverylight.Mysonnowgoestotheschool,whichIusedgotowhenIwasachild.,.,1._wasnatural,hemarriedJenny.A.WhichB.ThatC.ThisD.As2.Suchsigns_weuseintheexperiment_Greekletters.A.as,areB.as,isC.that,areD.that,is3.Ipassedhimalargeglassofwhisky,_hedrankimmediately.A.thatB.asC.whichD.who4.Sheisverygoodatdance,_everybodyknows.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as5.Itwasraining,_wasapity.A.whatB.thatC.thewhichD.which6._hasbeensaidabove,grammarisasetofdeadrules.A.WhichB.WhatC.ThatD.As7.Wedothesamework_theydo.A.whichB.asC.thanD.like8.Theearthisround,_weallknow.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as,D,A,C,D,D,D,D,B,D,.,定語從句和其它句型的轉換,從句是主動形式，用現(xiàn)在分詞;從句是被動形式，用過去分詞?；蛘呖炊ㄕZ和被修飾詞之間的關系，如果定語和被修飾詞之間是主謂關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果定語和被修飾詞之間是動賓關系，用過去分詞；,1.定語從句和非謂語動詞：從句是主動形式，用現(xiàn)在分詞;從句是被動形式，用過去分詞?；蛘呖炊ㄕZ和被修飾詞之間的關系，如果定語和被修飾詞之間是主謂關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞；如果定語和被修飾詞之間是動賓關系，用過去分詞；,1.定語從句和非謂語動詞：(1)TherearelotsofgoodEnglishprogrammeswhicharebroadcastonTVortheradioinChina.-TherearelotsofgoodEnglishprogrammes_onTVortheradioinChina.(2)AtonetimetherewerelongqueuesofpeoplewhowerewaitingoutsidetheCAACoffices.-Atonetimetherewerelongqueuesofpeople_outsidetheCAACoffices.,(1)TherearelotsofgoodEnglishprogrammeswhicharebroadcastonTVortheradioinChina.TherearelotsofgoodEnglishprogrammes_onTVortheradioinChina.(2)AtonetimetherewerelongqueuesofpeoplewhowerewaitingoutsidetheCAACoffices.-Atonetimetherewerelongqueuesofpeople_outsidetheCAACoffices.,broadcast,waiting,.,2.定語從句和并列句是否有連詞是區(qū)分定語從句和并列句的一個關鍵1.Isawsometrees,andtheleavesofthetreeswereblackwithdisease.-Isawsometrees,theleavesof_wereblackwithdisease.2.Theprofessorisanordinary-lookinglittleman,onthenoseof_thereisapairofglasses3.TheWorldTradeOrganization(WTO)finallyopeneditsdoortoChinaonNovember10,_a15-yearwait.A.toendB.endedC.endingD.ends,which,whom,C,.,AwhomBthemCtheyDwho1）MrSmithhasthreesons，noneofisacomputerexpert2Hehasthreesisters，aredoctors3）ShehasthreeCDs，butnoneofisinteresting4）Ihavemanyfriends，andallofareniceandfriendly5）MissYanghassomerelativeshere；likeherverymuch6)Hehastwosons,neitheroflookslikehim.7)Hehastwosons,andneitheroflookslikehim.8)Hehastwosons.Bothof_looklikehim.,A,D,B,B,C,A,B,B,.,（1）句從引導詞來看，狀語從句中的that是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成分，而定語從句中的as在從句中要作一個成分（主語，賓語或表語）。,3.定語從句和狀語從句（1）句從引導詞來看，狀語從句中的that是連詞，在從句中不充當任何成分，而定語從句中的as在從句中要作一個成分（主語，賓語或表語）。,(1)Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanliftit.Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanlift.(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawer_hecaneasilyfindit.(=where)Pleaseputtheletter_hecaneasilyfindit.,(1)Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanliftit.Thisissuchabigstone_noonecanlift.(2)Pleaseputtheletterinthedrawer_hecaneasilyfindit.Pleaseputtheletter_hecaneasilyfindit.,that,as,where,where,.,1Youmaystay_youlike.2Weputthecorn_thebirdscouldfinditeasily.3Idlikeyoutotakemypicture_standstheancienttower4Bamboogrowswell_itiswarmerandwetalltheyearround.AintheplaceBintheplacewhereCtheplacewhereDinwhich5Iveneverbeento_mygrandfatherwasborn.AwhichBinwhichCwhereDthat,where,where,where,B,C,.,4.定語從句和名詞性從句(1)Hedidall(that)hecouldtohelpme.(=what)(2)Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.(=what)(3)_isknowntousall,theearthturnsroundthesun.Itisknowntousall_TaiwanbelongstoChina.(4)_isknowntousallisthattheearthissmallerthanthesun.,As,that,What,.,定語從句和強調句強調句句型：Itis/was+被強調的成份+that/who+其它部分去掉Itis/was.that/who,句子照樣成立。(1)Ilivedinthisroomlastyear.(2)Hewenttoschoolatseventhismorning.而定語從句的引導詞在句中要作一成份。,(1)Itisinthisroom_Ilivedlastyear.Itistheroom_Ilivedlastyear.(2)Itwasatsevenoclock_hewenttoschoolthismorning.Itwassevenoclock_hewentto