各個關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法.doc

各個關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法1. who 指人，在定語從句中作主語。例如：The person who broke the window must pay for it.The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.2. whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語。例如：Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?Mr. Lee (whom) you want to see has come.3. whose 指人，在定語從句中作定語。例如：The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.I know the boy whose father is a professor.4. which指物，在定語從中作主語或賓語。例如：A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.5. that多指物，有時也指人，在定語從句中作主語或賓語。例如：Ive read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?6. when 指時間，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：Ill never forget the time when we worked on the farm.He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.7. where 指地點，在定語從句中作狀語。例如：This is the house where we lived last year.The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.四. 關(guān)系代詞whom，which 在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，可以和介詞一起放于先行詞與定語從句之間，有時為了關(guān)系緊湊也可以將whom與which 與先行詞緊挨著書寫，而將介詞置于定語從句的后面，如：That was the room in which we had lived for ten years. = That was the room which we had lived in for ten years.五. 具體使用時還要注意下列問題：1. 只能使用that,不用which 的情況：(1) 先行詞是all, few, little, nothing, everything, anything 等不定代詞時。例如：All that he said is true. (2) 先行詞被only, no, any, all,等詞修飾時。例如：He is the only foreigner that has been to that place. have been to v.曾經(jīng)到過(3) 先行詞是序數(shù)詞或被序數(shù)詞修飾的詞。例如：He was the second (person) that told me the secret.(4) 先行詞是形容詞最高級或被形容詞最高級修飾的詞。This is the best book (that) I have read this year.(5) 先行詞既包括人又包括物時。例如：He talked about the people and the things he remembered.2. 只能用which，不用that的情況：(1) 在非限制性定語從中。例如：The meeting was put off, which was exactly what we wanted.(2) 定語從句由介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)，先行詞是物時。例如：The thing about which he is talking is of great importance.【中考范例】1. (2004年哈爾濱中考試題)-Does the teacher know everybody _ planted the trees?-Yes, he does.A. which B. whose C. where D. who【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因為先行詞是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語從句中作主語，所以只有who合適。2. (2004年常州市中考試題)The letter _ I received from him yesterday is very important.A. who B. where C. what D. that【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因為先行詞是物，而關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語，所以只有that合適。3. (2004年揚(yáng)州市中考試題)-Where is the scientist _ gave us the talk yesterday?-He has gone back to Qinghua University.A. whom B. who C. whose D. which【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因為先行詞是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語從句中作主語，所以只有who合適。 4. (2004年益陽市中考試題)I hate people _ talk much but do little.A. whose B. whom C. which D. who【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因為先行詞是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語從句中作主語，所以只有who合適。【滿分演練】一. 單項填空1. -Who is the man _ was talking to our English teacher?-Oh! Its Mr. Baker, our maths teacher.A. he B. that C. whom D. which2. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble.A. who B. which C. they D. where3. The foreigner _ visited our school is from Canada.A. which B. when C. who D. whom4. George Mallory was an English school teacher _ loved climbing.A. who B. whom C. he D. which5. This is the place _I have ever visited.A. there B. when C. where D. which6. Nobody knows the reason _ she didnt come to the meeting.A. that B. which C. why D. when7. The moon is a world _ there is no life.A. that B. which C. where D. why8. He has forgotten the day _ he arrived.A. when B. where C. that D. which9. He still remembers the days _ he spent with your family.A. when B. where C. that D. on which10. Mr. White, _ car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which11. He got to the village _ his family once lived before liberation.A. that B. which C. when D. where12. This is the house _ I want to buy.A. in which B. that C. whose D. where13. This is the house _ our beloved Premier Zhou once lived and worked.A. which B. that C. when D. where14. He didnt tell me the place _ he was born.A. that B. which C. when D. where15. He lived in a small village, _ was a long way from the railway station.A. that B. which C. where D. when三. 用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空1. The house _ we live in is very big.2. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever.3. This is the present _ he gave me for my birthday.4. The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer.5. He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.6. There is nothing in the world _ can frighten him.7. She wears a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class.8. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children.9. Is this the place _ your father once lived?10.