連系動詞的用法講解及練習(xí)題.doc

連系動詞的用法講解及練習(xí)題一be:is am are四變:get become turn go五感官:feel taste smell sound look系動詞系動詞亦稱聯(lián)系動詞（Link Verb），作為系動詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語（亦稱補語），構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。說明：有些系動詞又是實義動詞，該動詞表達實義時，有詞義，可單獨作謂語，例如：He fell ill yesterday.他昨天病了。（fell是系動詞，后跟補足語，說明主語情況。）He fell off the ladder.他從梯子上摔下來。fell是實義動詞，單獨作謂語。1）狀態(tài)系動詞用來表示主語狀態(tài)，只有be一詞，例如：He is a teacher. 他是一名教師。（is與補足語一起說明主語的身份。）2）持續(xù)系動詞用來表示主語繼續(xù)或保持一種狀況或態(tài)度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：He always kept silent at meeting. 他開會時總保持沉默。This matter rests a mystery. 此事仍是一個謎。3）表像系動詞用來表示看起來像這一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：He looks tired. 他看起來很累。He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起來很傷心。4）感官系動詞感官系動詞主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：This kind of cloth feels very soft.這種布手感很軟。This flower smells very sweet.這朵花聞起來很香。5）變化系動詞這些系動詞表示主語變成什么樣，變化系動詞主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.例如：He became mad after that. 自那之后，他瘋了。She grew rich within a short time. 她沒多長時間就富了。6）終止系動詞表示主語已終止動作，主要有prove, trun out, 表達證實，變成之意，例如：The rumor proved false. 這謠言證實有假。The search proved difficult. 搜查證實很難。His plan turned out a success. 他的計劃終于成功了。（turn out表終止性結(jié)果）.系動詞與動詞的區(qū)別系動詞亦稱聯(lián)系動詞（Link Verb），作為系動詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語（亦稱補語），構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)說明主語的狀況、性質(zhì)、特征等情況。但是，有些系動詞又是實義動詞，該動詞表達實義時，有詞義，可單獨作謂語。例如： He felt ill yesterday. 他昨天病了。（felt是系動詞，后跟補足語，說明主語情況。） He fell off the bike. 他從自行車上摔下來。fell是實義動詞，單獨作謂語。表示動作中狀態(tài)的詞叫做動詞。根據(jù)其在句中的功能，動詞可分為四類，分別是：實義動詞、系動詞、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞。但是，有些情況下，有些動詞是兼類詞。例如： We are having a meeting. 我們正在開會。（have是實義動詞。） He has gone to New York.他已去紐約。（have是助動詞。）動詞根據(jù)其后是否帶有賓語，可分為兩類，分別是：及物動詞、不及物動詞，英語縮寫形式分別為vt. 和vi.。但是，同一動詞有時可用作及物動詞，有時可用作不及物動詞。例如： She can dance and sing. 她能唱歌又能跳舞。（sing在此用作不及物動詞。） She can sing many English songs. 她能唱好多首英文歌曲。（sing用作及物動詞。）比較法比較下列各組句子(1) A Please look at the blackboard請看黑板。B He looked a perfect fool他看上去是個十足的神經(jīng)病(2) ATurn to Page 16翻到 16頁。BHe turned traitor to his country他背叛了祖國。(3)AHe felt it his duty to help others他認為幫助別人是自己的責(zé)任。BI felt very hungry after a long walk走了一段長路，我感到很餓。(4)A.Get me some ink給我一些墨水。BOur motherland is getting stronger and stronger我們國家變得越來越強大了。(5)ASuch words do not become a scholar那樣的話不像出自學(xué)者之口。BSome of the fields became covered with water一些田地覆蓋著水。(6)AThis black key on the piano wont sound這鋼琴上的黑鍵按下去不響。B The story sounds interesting這故事聽起來很有趣。(7)A.I am sure I smell gas我肯定聞到了煤氣味。BTheflowers smell sweet花朵散發(fā)芳香。(8)AHe was too weak to stand他太虛弱，不能站立。BHolding the note in his hand，he stood there dumbfounded他拿著鈔票，站在那里，目瞪口呆。(9)AHe goes to school early every morning.他每天早上很早上學(xué)。B They went mad他們發(fā)狂了。(10)A I remained 3 weeks in Paris我在巴黎逗留了三周。BHe never remained satisfied with his success他從不滿足于自己的成績。練習(xí)題1. What is Mr Wang like? _.A. He is a teacher B. He is old and kindC. He looks like a balloon D. He likes English2. What Mr White said sounds_.A. friendly B. wonderfully C. pleasantly D. nicely3. The poor boy _ blind at the age of three.A. turned B. goes C. became D. went4. When he was a child he_ .A. grew patience B. was alive C. ran wild D. came true5. His voice_ as if he has a cold. A. sounds B. listens C. hears D. seems6. This shirt_ as if it is made of cotton. A. is B. looks C. feels D. seems7. He looks _ he hadnt had a good meal for a monthA. that B. as if C. when D. so far8. It _that he was late for the train. A. looks B. turns C. gets D. seems9. These apples taste_.A. to he good B. to be well C. well D. good10. Do you like the shirt? Yes, it _ very soft.A. feels B. felt C. is feeling D. is felt11. The moment Mr Zhang went to bed, he_ asleep A. kept B. got C. fell D. fall12. When I went home yesterday, it was _ dark. A. going B. getting C. running D. coming13. Their plan _ to be a perfect one. A. proved B. was proved C. is proving D. proving14. The flowers in the garden _ sweet. A. sound B. taste C. become D. smell15. She_ like her mother in character. A. looks B. seems C. is D. feels16. It_ another fine day tomorrow. A. seems B. promises C. appears D. looks17. He _ much younger than he really is. A. appears B. grows C. becomes D. turns18. You_ very pale. Do you feel sick? A. looked B. look C. looking D. are looked19. His wish to become a driver has _true. A. turned B. realized C. come D. grown20. Her father _a writer. A. turned B. grew C. has turned D. has become21. Neither of us _ a doctor. A. am B. are C. is D. were22. He _ a famous writer. A. turns B. become C. has become D. has turned23. The girls face _ red. A. turned B. got C. feel D. look24. He _ very glad. A. looked B. turned C. feel D. looks25. The flowers _ fragrant （芳香）. A. get B. smells C. smell D. feels26. The table _ very smooth. A. look B. turn C. feels D. smell27. Jack _ younger than Tom. A. look B. feel C. feels D. looks28. She looks _. A. happy B. to be happy C. happily D. that she is happy（二）用smell，taste，go，get，become，grow，seem，look，feel，turn的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. You _ _ _ very young.2. At first those questions_ _ _easy, but later I found them difficult.3. After the sports meeting, he _ _ _very tired.4. My younger brother _ _ _a student last year.5. When we_ _ _ up, were going to help build up our country.6. The flowers _ _ _very sweet.7. Her face _ _ _red.8. Jack _ _ _very happy.9. The mooncake _ _ _good.10. The meat_ _ _bad.答案與分析1. B Whats.like?是詢問人或事物的性質(zhì)特征情況的交際用語，答語中常含有說明性質(zhì)特征情況的形容詞。2. A sound表示“聽起來”，后面接形容詞作表語，答案B、C、D均為副詞。3. D若人或事物的情況變化是永久性的或難以扭轉(zhuǎn)的壞變化時，用系動詞go表示。4. C run wild是固定搭配，表示“放蕩不羈”。5. A sound表示“聽起來”，后面接as if 引導(dǎo)的表語從句，表示對主語所表示的特征、狀態(tài)或性質(zhì)作出的反應(yīng)及判斷。6. C feel作系動詞用時，表示“(東西)摸上去令人有某種感覺”。7. B as if引導(dǎo)表語從句時，從句謂語動作發(fā)生在主句謂語動作之前，從句謂語用過去完成式。8. D “ It seems that” 表示“看起來”。是固定句型，強調(diào)根據(jù)一定的事實所得出的一種接近于實際情況的判斷。9. D taste表示“嘗起來”時，是系動詞，后面接形容詞作表語。10. A feel表示“(某物)摸上去(令人)有某種感覺”時，是系動詞，用于一般現(xiàn)在時。11. D fall asleep表示“入睡”，是固定搭配，根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)用過去時。12. B get表示“逐漸起來”、“開始起來”時，是系動詞，多用于進行時。13. A prove表示“證明是”時，是系動詞。14. D smell表示“有的氣味”、“散發(fā)氣味”時，是系動詞，后面接形容詞。15. C belike表示“看起來像”時，既可指外貌，又可指品質(zhì)和特征，側(cè)重于特征。16. B promise表示“有的可能”、“給人以的指望”時，是系動詞，后面接名詞作表語。17. A appear表示“看起來”時，是系動詞。側(cè)重于在外表給人某種印象，常為“假象”。18. B look表示“顯得”、“看起來”時，是系動詞，后面接形容詞作表語，用進行時態(tài)，常帶有感情色彩。19. C come true是固定搭配，表示“實現(xiàn)”，其中come是系動詞，表示“成為”、“變得”。20. D become表示“變成”，作系動詞用，在后面作表語的名詞前要加a或an。turn后跟可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)要去掉a(n)。漢語中表示兩個過程按比例同時增加時，用“越越”結(jié)構(gòu)。英語中用“the +比較級，the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)通常從句在前，主句在后，即：第一個the+比較級為狀語從句，第二個the+比較級為主句。句型中的連個“the”都是指示副詞。兩個“the”的后面都必須跟形容詞或副詞的比較級形式。不過有的語法書中說“第一個the引導(dǎo)的句子是比較狀語從句”。 這種結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動詞一般情況下：主句用將來時態(tài)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)（代替將來時態(tài)）。試比較下列例句的用法:1.The more, the better.多多益善。2.The sooner, the better.愈快愈好。3.The more you learn, the more you wish to learn.你學(xué)得越多，你越是想學(xué)。4.The sooner you start, the sooner you will finish. 你開始的越早，你就完成得越快。5.The more exciting it is, the happier they are.越是有趣，他們就越是高興。6.The more I know him, the more I like him.我越認識他，就越喜歡他。7.The more you read, the better you understand.你看的書越多，你懂得就越多。8.The hotter the air is, the more quickly it will rise.空氣越熱，它就上升得越快。9.The more learned a man is ,the more modest he usually is.一個人越有學(xué)問，就往往越謙虛。10.The more you know ,the more you will realize how little you know.知道得越多，越會體會到自己知道得有限。注意：有時這種句型中主句用主謂倒裝形式。例如：The smaller the house is, the less will it cost us to heat.房子越小，花的取暖費就越少。The more we thought of the lost boy, the more did we get worried. 我們越想那個丟失的孩子，就越是著急。（1）“the more,the more”句型為“the+比較級，the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)，常表示“越,就越”，是一個復(fù)合句，其中前面句子是狀語從句，后面的句子是主句。The用在形容詞或副詞的比較級前。The more he gets, the more he wants.他越來越貪（他得到的越多，就越想要）。The more she learns, the more she wants to learn.她越學(xué)就越想學(xué)。（2）“the+比較級，the+比較級”句型主從句的時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時或一般過去時。The higher the ground is, the thinner the air becomes.離地面越高，空氣就越稀薄。The harder he worked, the more he got.他工作越努力，得到的