初中定語從句教學(xué)說課稿.doc

初中定語從句教學(xué)說課稿一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)：通過本章復(fù)習(xí), 使學(xué)生明白定語從句的構(gòu)成和用法。二、教學(xué)重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)：限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別；關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的不同；介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句；關(guān)系代詞who, that, which的用法區(qū)別。定語從句與同位語從句及其一些句子結(jié)構(gòu)的區(qū)別。三、教學(xué)過程1What is an attributive clause?2被定語從句修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞。連接先行詞與定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞叫關(guān)系詞，其中which, that, who, whom 這些詞叫關(guān)系代詞，它們在句中用來指人或事物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語，whom只能作賓語。作賓語時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略。請同學(xué)們根據(jù)以上所述, 給出一些例句, 用來說明。1. The students (who dont study hard) will not pass the exam.主句: The students will not pass the exam.限制性定語從句不能被省略,因?yàn)槠渲邪兄匾男畔?如果我們?nèi)サ粝拗菩远ㄕZ從句,句子的意義會(huì)變的不明確.比如: 2. The woman (whom you saw in the park) is our English teacher.主句:The woman is our English teacher.3以上關(guān)系代詞在使用時(shí)也是有很多區(qū)別的。用來引導(dǎo)定語從句，并且代替先行詞作定語從句的一個(gè)成分的詞，叫關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞常見的有that, which,who,whom,whose等。關(guān)系代詞放在先行詞和定語從句之間，起連接作用，同時(shí)又作定語從句的一個(gè)成份。請同學(xué)們看下面的句子, 然后說出使用關(guān)系代詞的原因。1.The man (who told us a funny story) is in the next room.2.I lost the book (which you gave me).3. A shoe shop is a shop (that sells shoes).在定語從句中,使用了關(guān)系代詞來代替先行詞,從句中不能再使用代替先行詞的人稱代詞.4下面講一下只能用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)的定語從句。1) 先行詞既有指人又有指物2)當(dāng)先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級時(shí)，有theonly, the very 等修飾時(shí) 3 先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing等不定代詞4 主句是以who/which開頭的特殊疑問句時(shí)請同學(xué)們看下列例句1. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school.2.The terrible typhoon killed the people and cattle_ were in the fields.3.The wind blew down the tallest tree _ is infront of our school gate.4.This is the very thing _ I was looking for.5.This is the second novel _ I have ever read.6.There is nothing in the world _ can frightenme.7.Who is the man _ is reading under the tree?5對于“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)賓語從句, 如何選介詞這個(gè)問題, 可歸納為下面幾點(diǎn)：A根據(jù)賓語從句謂語動(dòng)詞的習(xí)慣搭配。如：Do you know the man with whom you just shook hands? （句中的 with來自習(xí)慣搭配 shake hands with）B由先行詞來決定。如：Ill never forget the day on which I joined the Party. C由句子表達(dá)的全部意義來確定。如：Water is very important for us without which we cant live. 6請看下面句子, 然后分析一下：AThe engineer whose son is in America is very kind. BLook at the house whose roof is red. 8Look at the following sentences and then explain the attributive clause. AIll go to any place where people need me.BI still remember the day when I joined the army. CI dont know the reason why he was late.定語從句教案、學(xué)案漕橋初級中學(xué) 許正華 2008.4教學(xué)目標(biāo)：1、認(rèn)識(shí)定語從句和定語從句的位置2、認(rèn)識(shí)先行詞3、認(rèn)識(shí)并會(huì)使用關(guān)系代詞教學(xué)過程一、概念: He is the boy who often goes to school late. 先行詞 關(guān)系詞 定語從句二、原則： a.定語從句必須緊緊地跟在先行詞后面，限制修飾先行詞。b.定語從句必須用關(guān)系詞來引導(dǎo)。c.關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作一個(gè)句子成分.三、鞏固新知She is the old woman whom I saw this morningMary is the girl whose parents work in Japan.Is this the key which you are looking for?October 1, 1949 is the day when New China was founded.This is the house where the great man was born.I dont know the reason why she looks unhappy today.四、下列定語從句只能用that來引導(dǎo)：1.先行詞為形容詞最高級所修飾This is the longest bridge that I have ever seen.2.先行詞為序數(shù)詞所修飾I happened to be the thousandth guest that visited the great hotel.This is the first composition that he has ever written in English.3.先行詞既包括人又包括物They talked of things and persons that happened in the school.He talked about the teachers and schools that he had visited.4.主句是who或which開頭的特殊疑問句中的定語從句 Who is the man that came this morning?Which is the bag that you lost?5.先行詞為the only, the very, the last, the same所修飾的定語從句He is the very person that the police are looking for.This is the only thing that I can remember.6.先行詞是everything, nothing, something, all, little, much, everybody等不定代詞Tell us everything that you know, please.Is there anything that you dont understand?7.先行詞被all, every, no, some, any, little, much修飾時(shí)All that glitters is not gold.Ive read all the books that you gave me.五、“介詞+ 關(guān)系詞” 及關(guān)系副詞when, where, why1). The box is full of bottles. He is standing on the box.- The box on which he is standing is full of bottles.The box where he is standing is full of bottles.2). This is the train. We work on the train.-This is the train on which we work.This is the train where we work.3). I know the reason. She did it for the reason.-I know the reason for which she did it.I know the reason why she did it.4). The man is our school master. You shook hands with the man just now.- The man with whom you shook hands is our schoolmaster.5). The pen is made in Shanghai. She is writing with the pen.- The pen with which she is writing is made in Shanghai.不能拆開的詞組： look for / look after / catch hold of /take care of / put on / take off.六、非限制性定語從句只對先行詞起補(bǔ)充，說明的作用，常用逗號分開。關(guān)系代詞用who(m), which，關(guān)系副詞用where ,when. 非限制性定語從句不能用that來引導(dǎo).This was the American Civil War, which lasted 4 years before the North won in the end.He was taken to another room, where he found a wounded boy, who was dying.七、as 作為關(guān)系代詞，習(xí)慣上用于下列詞組：the same.as such .as as . as， soas1. Take as many books as you want.2. Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.3. He read such books as will make him wiser.4. The town is about the same distance from Nanjing as Yangzhou is.As 用于非限制性定語從句，常見以下句型：as you know, as we have seen, as is known to all, as anybody can see, as was expected, as we can imagine, as has been pointed outas與which的用法區(qū)別：as與 which在非限制性定語從句中，都可指代整個(gè)主句，但as引導(dǎo)的從句可放在主句的句首, 句中或句尾，而 which引導(dǎo)的從句只可放在主句的句尾As we have seen, oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth.Oceans cover more than 70 percent of the earth, as we have seen.She was awarded a gold medal, which the whole family considered a great honour.八、the sameas, the same that 的區(qū)別This is the same bag as I lost yesterday. （相似的事物）I am wearing the same coat that I wore yesterday. （同一事物）定語從句教學(xué)反思定語從句是九年級學(xué)習(xí)階段的一個(gè)重要知識(shí)點(diǎn)。它既是重點(diǎn)又是難點(diǎn),在引導(dǎo)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)要把握好尺度既不能將其復(fù)雜化,又不能解釋的片面。而且從其兩個(gè)功能入手，即定義和描述，來幫助學(xué)生理解用法，并能讓學(xué)生感到能學(xué)有所用，真正體現(xiàn)英語語法的作用。教學(xué)過程中應(yīng)用多媒體輔助教學(xué)，即通過展示軟件，達(dá)到講解的目的，突破難點(diǎn)。由于本課的難點(diǎn)，用多媒體課件來代替老師講解，這樣，既增加了課堂容量 ,又不使學(xué)生感覺壓力過重，容易理解接受。先獲得感性認(rèn)識(shí)，然后才是理性的總結(jié)，符合認(rèn)識(shí)事物的規(guī)律。也就是通過幫助學(xué)生理解、歸納、總結(jié)、討論等方式學(xué)習(xí)定語從句。采用圖文并茂的方法，仿造例句根據(jù)提出的問題去描述圖片，運(yùn)用這種方法，學(xué)生就會(huì)從原來的從書本，從老師那里被動(dòng)地接受知識(shí)變成現(xiàn)在的主動(dòng)，積極地探索知識(shí)，在觀察，發(fā)現(xiàn)，記憶，聯(lián)想中學(xué)習(xí)到知識(shí)。新課