初中過去進行時練習(xí)題孫楚.doc

初中英語過去進行時專項語法講解(一）定義 過去進行時，是表示過去某個具體時刻正在進行的事情或動作。（二）結(jié)構(gòu) was/were +doing (現(xiàn)在分詞）（三）用法 1、過去進行時表示過去某段時間內(nèi)持續(xù)進行的動作或者事情。常用的時間狀語this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while例如：We were watching TV from seven to nine last night.昨天晚上七點到九點的時候我們在看電視。What was he researching all day last Sunday?上周日他一整天都在研究什么？My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself.我哥哥騎自行車的時候從車上摔下來，受傷了。It was raining when they left the station.他們離開車站的時候天正在下雨。When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.當(dāng)我到達山頂?shù)臅r候，陽光燦爛。2. 過去進行時可以表示在過去某個時間點發(fā)生的事情。時間點可以用介詞短語、副詞或從句來表示。如：What was she doing at nine oclock yesterday?昨天晚上九點她在做什么？ (介詞短語表示時間點)When I saw him he was decorating his room.當(dāng)我看見他的時候他正在裝飾房間。 (when從句表示時間點)3. 在復(fù)合句中，如果主要動作和背景動作都是延續(xù)的或同時發(fā)生的，那么主從句的動詞都可用過去進行時。例如：While he was waiting for the bus, he was reading a newspaper.他邊等車邊看報。 (兩個動作都是延續(xù)的)He was cleaning his car while I was cooking.他擦車時我在做飯。(兩個動作同時進行)4. 通常不能用于過去進行時的動詞主要有：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, have(擁有), hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。例如：誤：I was knowing the answer.正：I knew the answer. 我知道答案。誤：I wasnt understanding him.正：I didnt understand him. 我不明白他的意思。典型例題：1) Mary _ a dress when she cut her finger.A. made B. is making C. was making D. makes 答案C. 割傷手指是已發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用過去時。同時，when表時間的同時性，“瑪麗在做衣服時”提供事情發(fā)生的背景，因此用過去進行時。2) As she _ the newspaper, Granny _ asleep.A. read; was fallingB. was reading; fellC. was reading; was fallingD. read;fell 答案B.句中的as = when, while，意為當(dāng)之時。描述一件事發(fā)生的背景時，用過去進行；一個長動作發(fā)生的時候，另一個短動作發(fā)生。句意為 在她看報紙時，奶奶睡著了。句中的 fell (fall的過去時)，是系動詞，后跟形容詞，如：fall sick。（四）過去進行時和一般過去時的區(qū)別 1一般過去時敘述舊事，過去進行時描述背景。、一般過去時）敘述過去狀態(tài)、動作或事件He went to Beijing the other day.（帶具體時間）表示過去的習(xí)慣a) would ,used to與過去時would 表間斷性不規(guī)則的習(xí)慣，常帶頻率時間used to 表一貫性有規(guī)律的習(xí)慣They used to meet and would sometimes exchange one or two words.He smoked a lot two years ago. （過去行為）b) Would 用于文中不用于句首，只表過去習(xí)慣。Used to 表今昔對比的含義，敘述習(xí)慣動作可與would 換用。When he was a boy , he would often go there . （敘述過去）She isnt what she used to be. (今昔對比)c) 表示狀態(tài)時一般只用used toTom used to be fat /There used to stand a tree there. (狀態(tài))d) was (were) used to +ving表示“合適于，適應(yīng)于.”He used to work at night . (“習(xí)慣”表經(jīng)常)He was used to working at night. (習(xí)慣表適應(yīng))）表示過去的經(jīng)歷，平行動作，依此事件用一般過去時。He sat there and listened to the radio.(依此發(fā)生)）表示客氣委婉的語氣，用于情態(tài)動詞，助動詞和want , wonder , hope 等How did you like the film? / Could you help me?B. 過去進行時表示在過去某階段或某一時刻正在發(fā)生What were you doing at 8:30 last night? (過去某時刻正在發(fā)生)短暫性動詞用過去進行時表示按計劃、打算During that time he was going with us.(表示打算)與always ,often ,usually 等連用表喜愛，討厭等感情色彩。He was always Changing his mind.2、過去進行時與一般過去時的區(qū)別A. 進行時表某一行為的“片斷”一般時表示行為的“整體”和存在的狀態(tài)。I was reading the book at that time. (未讀完，“讀”的片段)I read the book yesterday. (已讀完，表整個“讀”)B、一般持續(xù)時間狀語多與進行時連用It was raining all night.(優(yōu)先用was raining ,rained 為持續(xù)動詞，故也可使用)He was writing a letter the whole of afternoon. (短暫動詞與持續(xù)時間連用，表反復(fù)，連續(xù)發(fā)生，不可用一般過去時)C、while 時間狀語從句中用短暫動詞時只能用進行時。例：He broke a chair while he was jumping up and down.D、While 所在主從句動作大致持續(xù)相等時主從句一般都用進行時，但若是持續(xù)動詞可都用一般過去時，兩個動作一長一短時短的用一般時，長的用進行時。I was cooking the dinner while he was playing the piano.(平行)I cooked the dinner while he played the piano.I saw him while I was walking to the station.3、英語中有四類動詞一般不用進行時（不用現(xiàn)在進行時和過去進行時）1)表心理狀態(tài)、情感的動詞，如love ,hate ,like ,care ,respect ,please ,prefer ,know 等，若用進行時則詞意改變。Im forgetting it . (=beginning to forget )2)表存在、狀態(tài)的動詞，如appear ,exist ,lie ,remain ,stand ,seem等3)表感覺的動詞，如see ,hear ,feel ,smell ,sound ,taste等.4)表一時性的動詞，如accept ,allow ,admit ,decide ,end ,refuse ,permit ,promise等。5、例題考題1 As she _the newspaper ,Granny _ asleep .(95)A. read /was falling B .was reading /fellC. Was reading /was falling D. read/fell分析 時間從句的動作長，而“入睡”動作短，故前者用過去進行時，而較短動詞用一般過去時，選B考題2 Tom _ into the house when no one _ .A. slipped/was looking B. Had slipped /lookedC. slipped/had looked D. was slipping /looked分析 此題先要理解好when ，表“此時”，說明主句中slipped是較短行為，而look是較長行為的片斷，即湯姆溜進房子，此時沒人瞧見，故選A為正確。編輯本段時態(tài)比較過去進行時與一般過去時都強調(diào)過去發(fā)生的事 進行時強調(diào)過程，不一定完成 過去時強調(diào)事件，一定完成 p,s表示一個動作正在進行時，另一個動作發(fā)生了 如：He played when I was studying. 過去進行時與一般過去時，兩者都表示過去發(fā)生的動作,但過去進行時表示在過去某一特定的時間點或時間段正在進行的動作,而一般過去時表示在過去時間完成的動作例如: I was typing a letter last night. 昨晚我在打一封信(可能沒打完) I typed some letters last night. 我昨晚打了一些信(已經(jīng)打完) 1、一般過時往往表示某一動作已經(jīng)完成，而過去進行時卻表示動作在持續(xù)或未完成。 She wrote a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚給朋友寫了封信。 (信寫完了) She was writing a letter to her friend last night. 她昨晚一直在給朋友寫信。 (信不一定寫完) 2、一般過去時表示只做一次動作，而過去進行時卻表示動作反復(fù)地進行。 She waved to me. 她朝我揮了揮手。 3、句中有a moment ago之類的短語一般用一般過去時。 4、句中有at this time last Sunday, from 8 to 9 yesterday 之類的狀語一般用過去進行時。過去進行時可以用來代替一般過去時，表示更為偶然而非預(yù)定的動作： I was talking to Tom the other day 那天我跟湯姆聊天來著。 這里的過去進行時給人的印象是這一動作既不特殊，也不引人注目。它同時還傾向于解除主語對于這一動作所負(fù)的責(zé)任。句中誰先開口說話既不清楚，也無關(guān)緊要。要注意它與一般過去時的差異： 注意：進行時態(tài)只用于表示顯然是連續(xù)不斷的動作。如果把動作分割開，或者說出其發(fā)生的次數(shù)，就必須用一般過去時：I talked to Tom several times 我跟湯姆談過幾次話。 Tom washed both cars 湯姆把兩輛汽車都洗了。 當(dāng)然，看來是并行的兩個動作可以都用進行時態(tài)來表示： Between one and two I was doing the shopping and walking the dog一點到兩點之間我在購物、遛狗。 這樣用的進行時態(tài)通常和某些時間狀語如 today，last night，in the afternoon連用。這些時間狀語可以看做是表示某一時刻，也可以看做是表示某一段時間。如上面例句所示，某一段時間也可以用確切的時間來表示。 如想問起一段時間怎樣度過時，用過去進行時態(tài)要用比一般過去時顯得有禮貌： What were you doing before you came here？（你來這里之前做什么工作？）要比 What did you do be fore you came here？聽起來有禮貌。 另一方面， What were you doing in my room？（你在我的房間里干什么來著？）可能表示這樣一種情感：我認(rèn)為你沒有權(quán)利在我的屋子里。但 What did you do in my room？卻毫無這種含義。 不用于進行時的動詞感官動詞：hear,see,notice,feel,taste 表示態(tài)度感情的動詞：like,love,hate 表心理狀態(tài)：feel,want,prefer 表占有：own,have, 表存在狀態(tài)和持續(xù)：look,owe,be when 和while的用法區(qū)別 兩者的區(qū)別如下： when是at or during the time that, 既指時間點，也可指一段時間； while是during the time that，只指一段時間，因此when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中的動詞可以是終止性動詞，也可以是延續(xù)性動詞，而while從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞。 when 說明從句的動作和主句的動作可以是同時，也可以是先后發(fā)生；while 則強調(diào)主句的動作在從句動作的發(fā)生的過程中或主從句兩個動作同時發(fā)生。 由when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，主句用過去進行時，從句應(yīng)用一般過去時；如果從句和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，兩句都用過去進行時的時候，多用while引導(dǎo)，如： a. When the teacher came in, we were talking. 當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時，則為： While we were talking, the teacher came in. b They were singing while we were dancing.過去進行時練習(xí)題二、 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. While we _ (wait) for the bus, a girl _ (run) up to us.2. I _ (telephone) a friend when Bob _ (come) in.3. Jim _ (jump) on the bus as it _ (move) away.4. We _ (test) the new machine when the electricity _ (go) off.5. She _ (not want) to stay in bed while the others _ (all, work) in the fields.6. While mother _ (put) Cathy to bed, the door bell _ (ring).7. As I _ (walk) in the park, it _ (begin) to rain.8. Even when she _ (be) a child she _ _ (already, think) of becoming a ballerina (芭蕾舞演員).9. It was quite late at night. George _ (read) and Amy _ (ply) her needle when they _ (hear) a knock at the door.10. There _ (be) a group round the fire when they _ (reach) it. An old woman _ (sit) on the ground near the kettle; two small children _ (lie) near her; a donkey _ (bend) his head over a tall girl.1. I _ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning.2. Mary _ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter _(do) the same thing.3. What _ you _ (do) at that time? We _ (watch) TV.4. Was your father at home yesterday evening? Yes ,he was. He _ (listen) to the radio.5. They _(not make) a model ship when I saw him.6. _ they _ (have) a meeting at 4 yesterday afternoon?No, they _. They _ (clean) the classroom.7. _ it _(rain) when you left school? Yes, it _. (No, it _)8. What _ your father _ (do) when he was your age?9. One day, Edison _ (wait) for a train to arrive, and suddenly a little boy ran to the track(軌道) to play.10. He asked me if I _ (go) fishing that afternoon.11. The three of them were in a hurry because their plane _ (leave) in five minutes.12. In a letter, john told us that he _ (come) to china next month.13. When the bell rang, jenny _ (wait) in her seat.14. She _ (make) her dress the whole afternoon.15. While my father _ (look) through the evening paper, he suddenly _ a cry.三、 選擇題。1. I _ cooked a meal when you _ me.a. cooked, were ringing b. was cooking, rangc. was cooking, were ringing d. cooked, rang2. He said he _ to draw a plane on the blackboard at that time.a. tries b. tried c. was trying d. will try3. While she _ TV, she _ a sound outside the room.a. was watching, was hearing b. watched, was hearing c. watched, heard d. was watching, heard4. They _ a football game from 7 to 9 last night.a. were watching b. watch c. watched d. are watching5. What book _ you _ when I _ you at four yesterday afternoon?a. did, read, was seeing b. did, read, saw c. were, reading, saw d. were, reading, was seeing6. It was Friday evening. Mr and Mrs. Green _ ready to fly to England.a. are getting b. get c. were getting d. got7. Lei Feng _ always _ of others when he _ in the army.a. is, thinking, was b. was, thinking, is c. did, think, is d. was, thinking, was8. A girl _ my pen fall off the table when she _ me.a. saw, passed b. was seeing, passed c. was seeing, passed d. was seeing, was passing9. We _ for tom at ten last Sunday. He often kept us _.a. were waiting, waiting b. were waiting, wait c. waited, waiting d. waited, wait10. He _ his father on the farm the whole afternoon last Saturday.a. helps b. would help c. was helping d. is helping11. While mother _ some washing, I _ a kite for Kate.a. did, made b. was doing, made c. was doing, was making d. did, was making12. “_ you angry then?” “they _ too much noise.”a. are, were making b. were, were making c. are, made d. were, made13. He _ some cooking at that time, so _ mea. did, heard b. did, didnt hear c. was doing, heard d. was doing, didnt hear14. This time yesterday jack _ his bike. He _ TVa. repaired, didnt watch b. was repairing, watchedc. repaired, watched d. was repairing, wasnt watching15. His parents wanted to know how he _ on with his new classmates.a. was getting b. gets c. is getting d. will get四、 翻譯。1 昨天這個時候你們英語老師在做什么？她在和一些家長談話嗎？2 當(dāng)我離開的時候他正在畫一幅世界地圖。3 當(dāng)你看見他們的時候他們在干什么？他們在打掃教室。4 那時二班的學(xué)生沒在操場上踢足球，他們在打籃球。5 一天，母親下班回家的時候，約翰在寫給一個朋友寫信。6 上周五一下午，學(xué)生們在干什么？他們一直在往墻上貼海報。7 昨天這個時候，一些學(xué)生在植樹,一些學(xué)生在給小樹澆水。8 老師走進教室的時候，學(xué)術(shù)們正在談?wù)摦?dāng)天的新聞。9 老虎等猴子的時候，他聽到一個聲音。10. 今天上午放學(xué)的時候在下雨嗎？是的，天正下著大雨。12答案：二、1. were waiting; ran 2. was telephoning; came 3. jumped; was moving4. was testing; went 5. didnt want; were all working 6. was putting; rang選擇題。Bcdac,cdaac,cbdda用動詞的