水手英語(yǔ)單詞.doc

LESSON 1 Types of ship 船舶類型1、classify klsifai vt. 分類; 歸類 be classified as 分成（為）類2、carry kri vt. & vi. 運(yùn)送, 搬運(yùn),攜帶 carry on 繼續(xù)進(jìn)行 carry out 貫徹，執(zhí)行3、design dizain vt. & vi. 設(shè)計(jì), 繪制4、passenger psind n. 乘客, 旅客 passenger ship 客輪5、special spel adj. 特殊的, 特別的6、shipping ipi n. (貨物的)運(yùn)輸, 運(yùn)送 7、liquid likwid n. 液體 adj. 液體的, 、multi-purpose mltip:ps adj. 多用途的9、vessel vesl n. 船, 艦 multi-purpose vessle 多用途船10、bulk blk n. 散裝 bulk vessel 散貨船11、carrier kri n. 運(yùn)輸船, 承運(yùn)人12、container kntein n. 容器 集裝箱 container ship 集裝箱船13、refrigerated rifridreitid adj. 冷藏的 refrigerated ship 冷藏船14、tanker tk n. 液貨船, 油輪15、liquefied likwifaid adj. 液化的16、natural ntrl adj. 天然的 liquefied natural gas carrier （LNG） 液化天然氣船17、chemical kemikl adj. 化學(xué)的 Liquefied Chemical Gas carri（LCG） 液化化學(xué)品船18、liner lain n. 班輪; 班機(jī)19、tramp trmp n. 不定期船19、cruiser kru:z n. 大型旅游船20、ferry feri n. 渡船21、tug t n. 拖輪 ocean-going tug 遠(yuǎn)洋拖輪 coastal tug 沿海拖輪22、barge b:d n. 駁船 oil barge 油駁23、pilot pailt n.引航；引航員 pilot boat 引航艇24、port p:t n. 港口, 商港25、channel tnl n. 海峽 通道; 水溝, 水渠26、operate preit vt. & vi. 管理 ; 操作 operate on diesel oil 用柴油啟動(dòng)27、sail seil vi. 起航, 開船；航行 sail for 開往（bound for） sail fromto 從開往28、regular rejul adj. 有規(guī)律的, 定期的 regular interval 定期29、route ru:t n. 路, 路途, 路線, 路程30、fix fiks vt. 固定；確定 fix ones attention on 集中注意力31、standard stndd n. 標(biāo)準(zhǔn), 規(guī)范32、dimension dimenn n. 尺寸33、hold huld n. 貨艙 cargo hold 貨艙34、deck dek n. 甲板35、traditional trdinl adj. 傳統(tǒng)的36、quantity kwntiti n. 數(shù)目, 數(shù)量37、loose lu:s adj. 松的, 寬松的38、iron-ore ain : n. 鐵礦石39、etc. etsetr adv. 拉等等40、tween twi:n prep. 在之間; 在之中 tween deck 二層甲板41、vehicle vi:ikl n. 交通工具, 車輛42、bow bu n. 船首43、stern st:n n. 船尾44、 chilled tild adj. 冷凍的；冷藏的45、alongside lsaid adv. 在旁邊 get alongside 靠岸46、wharf w:f n. 碼頭; 停泊處47、board b:d n. 板；船側(cè) on board 在船上48、harbour h:b n. 海港, 港口49、launch l:nt vt. 使(船)下水; 發(fā)射 launch out 出航 50、engine endin n. 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī), 引擎51、tow tu vt. 拖, 拉, 拽52、anchor k n. 錨 vt. 拋錨53、foghorn fh:n n. 霧號(hào)54、beacon bi:kn n. 燈標(biāo)，信號(hào)標(biāo)55、 power driven vessel drivn 機(jī)動(dòng)船56、 Liquefied Petroleum Gas carrier pitrulim （LPG）液化石油氣船57、 very large crude carrier kru:d (VLCC)大型油輪58、timber carrier timb 木材船59、 garbage boat :bid 垃圾船60、rescue boat reskju: 救助船61、patrol boat ptrul 巡邏船62、surveying vessel sveii 水道測(cè)量船63、dredger dred 挖泥船64、ice-breaker aisbreik 破冰船65、yacht jt 游艇66、warship w:ip 軍艦, 戰(zhàn)艦key sentencesv Ships can be classified according to what they carry. 船舶可以根據(jù)它們所載的貨物進(jìn)行分類。 according to 根據(jù)v Cargo ships can be divided into two basic types. 貨船可以分成兩種基本類型。 be divided into 被分成v One type carries dry cargo, the other carries liquid cargo. 一類運(yùn)載干貨，另一類運(yùn)載液貨。 onethe other 一個(gè)另一個(gè) dry cargo 干貨 liquid cargo 液貨v Ships can operate as liners and tramps. 有些船舶還可以作為班輪和不定期船使用。 operate as = be worked asv Liners sail on regular routes and keep to a fixed timetable. 班輪按照既定的時(shí)間表形式行駛在固定的航線上。 regular route 固定航線 a fixed timetable 固定時(shí)間表v Tramps run in all parts of the world where there is cargo for them to carry. 不定期船運(yùn)營(yíng)于世界各地，哪兒有貨就到哪兒。 v The most modern type of dry cargo carrier is the container ship. They carry containers of standard dimensions either in the holds or on deck. 最現(xiàn)代化的干貨船是集裝箱船。它們將標(biāo)準(zhǔn)尺寸的集裝箱裝載在貨艙內(nèi)或是甲板上。v General cargo ships are traditional dry cargo carriers. They can carry almost all kinds of cargo. 雜貨船是傳統(tǒng)型的干貨船。它們幾乎能運(yùn)載所有類型的貨物。v Bulk carriers carry large quantities of loose cargo. They do not have tween decks and their holds are much larger. 散貨船運(yùn)載大量的松散貨。它們沒(méi)有二層甲板，貨艙比較大。v Ro-Ro ships have doors at the bow and stern. 滾裝船首尾都有門。v Refrigerated ships carry frozen or chilled cargoes. Their speed is often fast. 冷藏船可以運(yùn)載冷藏或冷凍的貨物。它們的速度通常很快。 v The largest type of cargo ship is the tanker. 最大型的貨船是液貨船。v Oil tanker are the most common type of liquid cargo carriers. 油輪是最普通的液貨船。v The traditional passenger ship is the passenger liner. 傳統(tǒng)的客輪是客班輪。v The most common type of passenger vessel is the ferry。 最普通的客輪是渡輪。v Light ship dont have engines. They are towed into position and then anchored there. 燈船沒(méi)有主機(jī)。它們要被拖帶到指定位置并在那兒拋錨。1、The merchants ships can be designed as .A. cargo ships and passenger ships B. dry cargo ships and liquid cargo shipsC. cargo ships and oil tankers D. cargo ships and container ships2、Which of the following are not dry cargo ships?A. Multi-deck vessels and bulk carriers B. Container ships and refrigerated shipsC. LNG carrier D. General cargo ship3、 The most common type of liquid cargo carrier is .A. the LNG carrier B. the oil tanker C. the chemical tanker D. the LPG carrier 4、 do not have tweendecks. Their holds are much wider. They carry cargo in bulk.A. Bulk carriers B. General cargo ships C. Multi-purpose ships D. Timber carriers5、The ship carries non-packed cargo or unprotected cargo, such as coal, ore or grain. It is called a .A. general cargo ship B. container ship C. bulk carrier D. oil tanker6、Bulk carriers carry large quantities of loose cargo, therefore they have .A. more than one tween deck B. large holds C. a lot of decks D. many holdsLESSON 2Deck department 甲板部門1、 crew kru: n. 全體船員 crew members 船員2、master m:st n. 船長(zhǎng)3、political plitikl commissarkmi,s: 4、assistant sistnt officer 駕助5、apprentice prentis officer 實(shí)習(xí)駕駛員6、cadet kdet n. 實(shí)習(xí)生；學(xué)員7、purser ps n. 事務(wù)長(zhǎng)8、surgeon s:dn n. 外科醫(yī)生9、boatswain butswein n. 水手長(zhǎng) bosun busn 10、 carpenter k:pint n. 木工, 木匠11、quartermasterkw:rt,m:st n.舵工12、helmsman helmzmn n. 舵工13、coxswain kkswein n. 艇長(zhǎng)14、engineer ,endini n.輪機(jī)員15、 department dip:tmntn. 部, 部門16、discharge dist:d v. 卸載；排放 同義詞：unload discharge outlet 排水口17、load lud v. 裝載 load line 載重線 safe working load（SWL） 安全工作負(fù)荷量18、maintain meintein v. 維護(hù)；保養(yǎng) 同義詞：keep 維持19、seamanship si:mnip n. 船藝 good seamanship 良好的船藝20、appropriate prprit adj. 適當(dāng)?shù)?be appropriate to/for 21、 besides bisaidz prep. 除之外(還有) 同義詞：in addition to 近義詞：except/apart from 排除在22、depend dipend vi. 依靠, 依賴 depend on(upon) 依靠 It(That) depend! 看情況而定 23、 tonnage tnid n. 噸位 gross tonnage 總噸位 net tonnage 凈噸位 deadweight tonnage 載重噸位24、responsible rispnsbl adj. 有責(zé)任的 be responsible for sth. 對(duì)某事負(fù)責(zé) be responsible to sb. 對(duì)某人負(fù)責(zé)25、navigation ,nvigein n. 航行 navigate nvigeit vt. & vi. 航行 navigator nvigeit n. 航海者26、legal lil adj. 合法的；法定的27、handle hndl v. 處理 n. 手柄 同義詞：deal with 處理 28、merchant m:tnt ship 商船29、 overall uvr:l adj. 總體的; 全面的 overalls n. 工作服30、acquaint kweint v. 熟悉 be acquainted with 熟悉 = be familiar with / familiarize with31、perform pf:m v. 執(zhí)行；履行 performance pf:mns n. 32、represent ,reprizent v. 代表 representative ,reprizenttiv n.33、adverse dv:s weather 惡劣天氣34、stretch stret v. 有彈性；拉緊 n. 拉緊的狀態(tài)；彈力35、emergency Im:dnsi n. 緊急狀況 on emergency 36、responsibility ri,spnsbiliti n. 責(zé)任37、closely klsli adv. 嚴(yán)密地；仔細(xì)地38、command km:nd v. 指揮；n. 命令 take command of 指揮 under sb.s command 在某人的指揮下 39、although :lu conj. 盡管 40、stand watch 值班 類似的表達(dá)方式還有： keep watch； be on watch officer on watch （OOW）值班駕駛員41、stowage stuid n. 積載, 裝載 stow stu vt. 裝, 裝載 stowage plan 積載圖42、thorough r adj. 徹底的 thoroughly rli adv. 徹底地 thorough clean = clean thoroughly 43、celestial slestl adj. 天的, 天空的 celestial body 天體44、fix fiks v. 定位；固定 fix ones attention to 集中注意力于 fix ships position 確定船位 running fix 移線定位45、assume sju:m v. 假設(shè) assumption smpn n. 假設(shè) make assumption 做假設(shè)46、supervise sju:pvaiz v. 監(jiān)督；管理 supervision ,sju:pvin n. 監(jiān)督 under the supervision of 在的監(jiān)督下47、possess pzes v. 擁有；具有48、quality kwliti n. 質(zhì)量49、leadership li:dip n. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)；領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)50、in the event of 萬(wàn)一；如果發(fā)生51、inability ,inbiliti: n. 無(wú)能52、junior du:nj adj. 地位較低的 反義詞：senior si:nj 地位高的53、assist sist vt. & vi. 幫助, 促進(jìn) assist sb. to do/ in doing sth. 幫助某人做某事54、training treini n. 訓(xùn)練；培訓(xùn) training manual 培訓(xùn)手冊(cè)55、purpose p:ps n. 目的; 意圖;用途 on purpose 故意56、consist of 由組成（使用主動(dòng)形式）57、be made up of 由組成（只有被動(dòng)形式）58、electrical officer 電機(jī)員59、storekeeper 物料管理員60、donkeyman 輔機(jī)操作員；副司爐61、pumpman 泵工62、fireman（stroker） 司爐63、greaser （oiler） 加油工64、Chief Steward 事務(wù)長(zhǎng)65、Second Steward 二管事66、Ships Cook 大廚key sentencesv There are about 12 crew members in the Deck Department. They are 3 officers, a bosun, a carpenter and a number of sailors. 甲板部大約有12名船員。他們是3名駕駛員，一名水手長(zhǎng)，一名木匠和一些水手。v The captain is an experienced navigator. He usually works out the best course. 船長(zhǎng)是名經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的航海員。他通常會(huì)制定出最佳的航海路線。 work out 制定出；計(jì)算出v The Second Officer also looks after all the equipment used for navigation. 二副也負(fù)責(zé)所有用于航行的儀器。 look after 負(fù)責(zé)；照看 v The bosun has a lot of knowledge and practical experience in seamanship. He is in charge of the sailors work. 水手長(zhǎng)有豐富的船藝知識(shí)和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。他負(fù)責(zé)水手的工作。 in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)v The carpenter is directly responsible to the Chief Officer. He sounds the tanks and bilges every day. He also operates the windlass when lowering and raising the anchors. 木匠直接對(duì)大副負(fù)責(zé)。他每天要測(cè)量油水艙和底艙的深度。當(dāng)起錨和拋錨時(shí)還要操作錨機(jī)。 sound 測(cè)深 bilge 底艙 windlass 錨機(jī) raise 升高 lower 降低1、The carpenter and the bosun also belong to the .A. deck department B. service department C. engine department D. department2、 is in charge of the life-saving equipment.A. The bosun B. The third officer C. The second officer D. The chief officer3、The chief officer is in charge of the .A. departments B. service department C. engine department D. deck department4、Its the job of to look after all the equipment used for navigation.A. the chief officer B. the second officer C. the third officer D. the captain5、The captain is an experienced .A. navigating B. navigation C. navigator D. navigability6、The carpenters most important regular job is .A. to operate the windlass B. to sound the tanks and bilgesC. to work with wood D. to make the furniture7、 The captain is the ship.A. in overall command of B. in charge of C. responsible for D. all of the above8、The carpenter is directly responsible to .A. the captain B. the bosun C. the third officer D. the chief officerLESSON 3 Ship structure 船舶結(jié)構(gòu)v In general, a vessel is made up of two parts: the hull and the superstructure.一般來(lái)說(shuō)，船舶由兩部分組成：船體和上層建筑。 in general 一般來(lái)說(shuō)，總的來(lái)說(shuō) be made up of 由組成v The hull is made up of frame covered with plating. 船體是由覆蓋著鋼板的框架組成。 covered with 覆蓋 過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ) v The hull is divided up into a number of watertight compartments by decks and bulkheads. 船體由甲板和隔艙壁分隔成許多的水密艙。 Bulkhead 隔艙壁 v Bulkhead are vertical steel walls going across the ship and along. 隔艙壁是橫穿過(guò)船體的垂直鋼板墻。 go across 橫穿 v At fore end of the hull are the fore peak tanks and at the after end are the after peak tanks. 在船體的前端是首尖艙，在后端是尾尖艙。 fore end 最前端 after end 最后端v They are used for fresh water and water ballast. 它們用來(lái)裝淡水和壓載水。 be used for 被用來(lái)做 water ballast = ballast water 壓載水v The space between the holds and the bottom of the hull contains double bottom tank. 貨艙和船底中間的空間是雙層底艙。 double bottom tank 雙層底艙 v The superstructure includes forecastle, bridge and poop. 上層建筑包括首樓、駕駛臺(tái)和尾樓。v An ordinary cargo ship usually has five holds. They are numbered from forward to aft.一艘普通的貨船通常有五個(gè)貨艙。它們從前往后進(jìn)行編號(hào)。 number v. 編號(hào) v The deck below the main deck are known as tween deck. 主甲板之下的甲板稱為二層甲板。v A short raised deck above the main deck at the bow is the forecastle deck. The poop deck is at the stern. 船頭主甲板上面凸出的一小塊甲板叫首樓甲板。尾樓甲板位于船尾。v When standing on a ship and facing the bow, the left-hand side is called the port side, and the right-hand side is called the starboard side. 當(dāng)站在船上面向船首時(shí)，左手一側(cè)稱為左舷，右手一側(cè)稱為右舷。v The port side aft part of a vessel is called the port quarter, and the aft part on the starboard side is called the starboard quarter. 船的左后部分稱為左胯，右后部分稱為右胯。v The forward part of the vessel on the port side is called the port bow and on the starboard side the starboard bow. 船的左前部稱為左船首，右前部稱為右船首。v The height from water level to the top of weather deck is called freeboard. 水線到露天甲板頂部的高度叫做干舷。 water level = waterline 水線v The depth from waterline to the vessels bottom is called draft. 水線到船底的深度稱為吃水。 fore draft 前吃水 aft draft 后吃水Additional phrases1、crews cabin kbin 船員房間2、 wheel house wi:l 操舵室3、laundry room l:ndri 洗衣房4、refrigerator room rifridreit 冷藏間5、 galley li 廚房6、 store room st: 物料間7、 chain locker tein lk 錨鏈艙8、 paint locker peint 油漆間9、bath room b: 浴室10、ballast water tank blst 壓載水艙11、bunker tank bk 燃料艙12、daily supply tank deili splai日用柜13、accommodation ,kmdein deck 起居甲板14、boat deck 艇甲板15、embarkation ,emb:kein deck 登艇甲板16、upper deck 上甲板17、lower deck 下甲板1、The forward part of the vessel on port side is called .A. the port side B. the port quarter C. the port bow D. the port side aft2、The superstructure is .A. below the main deck B. on the bridge C. above the main deck D. above the bridge 3、Watertight compartments are separated by .A. engine rooms B. tweendecks C. dunnages D. decks and bulkheads4、A modern general cargo ship has her engine room and bridge .A. amidships B. forward C. aft D. anywhere on board5、 A short raised deck above the main deck at the bow is called .A. the fore deck B. the weather deck C. the superstructure D. the forecastle deck6、 When standing on a ship and facing the bow, the left-hand side is called .A. the left side B. the port side C. the starboard side D. the right side6、 The hull is the ships body.A. main B. outer C. upper D. inner7、Double bottom tanks are in the space between the and the bottom of the hull.A. tanks B. holds C. cabins D. tweendecks8、Freeboard is the height from to the top of weather deck.A. water level B. bottom level C. deck level D. boat deck levelLESSON 4Navigational aids 航海儀器New words and expressions1、aids eidz n. 幫助；援助 navigational aids 助航儀器 aids to navigation 助航儀器2、berth b: n. (船舶的)停泊位或錨位 3、arrival raivl n. 到達(dá), 抵達(dá)4、constantly knstntli adv. 經(jīng)常地5、plot plt vt.繪制; 標(biāo)出 6、chart t:t n. 圖表 航海圖7、accurate kjurit adj. 精確的, 準(zhǔn)確的8、sextant sikstnt n. 六分儀9、radar reid n. 雷達(dá)10、observe bz:v vt. & vi. 觀察; 研究 observation ,bz:vein n. 注意; 觀察 take observation of 觀測(cè)，觀察11、binoculars bainkjulz n. 雙筒望遠(yuǎn)鏡12、distant distnt adj. 遠(yuǎn)隔的, 遙遠(yuǎn)的13、object bdikt n. 物體；目標(biāo)14、frequency fri:kwnsi n. 頻率15、communication k,mju:nikein n. 通訊 communicate with 與聯(lián)絡(luò)16、steer sti vt. & vi. 駕駛, 掌舵 steer the wheel 操舵17、gear i n.齒輪; 傳動(dòng)裝置; 18、quartemaster kw:tm:st n. 舵工 19、mode mud n. 方式, 樣式；模式20、automatic ,:tmtik adj. 自動(dòng)的 automatic mode 自動(dòng)模式21、manual mnjul adj. 用手的 manual mode 手動(dòng)模式22、vice versa vaisiv:s adv. 反之亦然23、compass kmps n. 羅盤, 指南針24、magnetic mnetikadj. 有磁性的 magnetic compass 磁羅經(jīng)25、gyro dair adj. 回轉(zhuǎn)的 gyro compass 陀螺羅經(jīng)26、attraction trkn n. 吸引, 吸引力27、electricity ilektrisiti n. 電, 電流28、value vlju n. 價(jià)值, 價(jià)格29、visibility ,vizibiliti n. 能見度30、telegraph telir:f n. 車鐘；電報(bào) telegraph order 車鐘令 31、signal sinl n. 信號(hào), 暗號(hào)32、seabed si:bed n. 海底 3