英語(yǔ)四級(jí)模擬練習(xí)翻譯.doc

1. Female students constitute the majority of our class. .（相比之下，他們班全由男生組成）2.As our time was running out, we drove even faster （希望能夠準(zhǔn)時(shí)趕到機(jī)場(chǎng)）.3.（這些問題連續(xù)不斷地出現(xiàn)）suggests that our plan should be adjusted.4.In his recently written autobiography, （他把自己的成功歸功于父母的鼓勵(lì)）.5.（我們現(xiàn)在必須喚醒人們認(rèn)識(shí)到環(huán)保的重要性），or it would be too late.6.If he had known this would happen, （他當(dāng)初也許會(huì)以不同方式行事）.7.（只要你一直努力工作），you will recall your past with satisfaction.8.Every mother is proud of her child and （父親也一樣）.9.No one knows exactly （信息高速路的發(fā)展將把我們帶往何處）.10.（他剛到家）when it started raining.11.If I had remembered to close the window, （小偷就不會(huì)進(jìn)來(lái)）.12. Ill never forget （第一次和你見面）.13.Mary rushed into the room, （抱著一個(gè)大紙箱）.14.A minute ago the old lady （撕開信封）with great excitement.15.My washing machine broke down this morning. （我打算明天把它送去修理）.16.The report said that the sample water had too much lead in it, （可能對(duì)我們的健康有害）.17.（信已經(jīng)寫完了）by the time you come back.18.（盡管不富裕），they feel quite satisfied with their standard of living condition.19.（我以前常去看電影），but I never get the time now.20.The pictures make （孩子們理解文字更容易）.21.（既然你們明天才走）,we can have dinner together tonight.22. In terms of experience, Mr. Green has the right stuff for the work, （但目前他的健康狀況不佳）.23.（地震的破壞非常嚴(yán)重）that the city took decades to recover.24.The speaker, （以精彩的演講而聞名）, was warmly received by the audience.25.By the time you get to Greenwich （你會(huì)看到倫敦最古老的部分）.26. （那天已經(jīng)不遠(yuǎn)了）modern communication becomes widespread in Chinas countryside.27. （我以前從沒見過任何人）who has the skill John has when it comes to repairing cars.28.The second book was （完成）by this March, but two months later, the end was still nowhere in sight.29.He set out again on his journey around the world, （盡管他的朋友們勸他不要去）.30.（學(xué)生不喜歡傳統(tǒng)課堂的原因之一）is that students are seldom allowed to express their ideas in a traditional classroom.31.The supermarket sells various kinds of things, （從衣物食品到電腦游戲）.32.The new type of machine has been put in service, （讓我們年底完成工程成為可能）.33. It is true that humans have an extraordinary genius for working wonders, but （污染仍是當(dāng)前及未來(lái)最嚴(yán)重的問題之一）.34. It is true that the world faces problems of pollution, but （這個(gè)問題可以通過全球的努力加以控制）.35.（在任何一個(gè)存在種族歧視的社會(huì)里）, there will always be tension.36.Some people say that in the next 30 years the population of Antarctica will grow steadily, （印度也同樣）.37. Someday, perhaps, （科學(xué)家能夠準(zhǔn)確地預(yù)報(bào)地震）.38.（整夜他清醒地躺在床上）worrying about his financial problems.39.It is widely accepted that （社會(huì)的整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)都依賴于相互信任）.40. By six thirty every morning, （操場(chǎng)上滿是晨練的學(xué)生）.41.For some reason, she was not well prepared for the test. But （她是個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)的女孩），she would not cheat on an exam.42.（無(wú)論你怎樣看他），there is no reason to suspect him of doing this deliberately.43.You have neglected your work for too long and （你不可能在一周內(nèi)趕上來(lái)）.44.（位于倫敦西北），Oxford University is noted far and wide for its academic excellence.45.This medical research （目的在于找出治療遺傳性血液病的新方法）because the drugs now in use cannot cure these complicated diseases.46.（當(dāng)被問及對(duì)這次試題的感覺）, nearly all students in this class said it was too difficult.47.During her school days, （她經(jīng)常學(xué)習(xí)到很晚）because she wanted to be qualified for the scholarship.48. A mature man is one （善于把失敗轉(zhuǎn)化為成功）.49.The little girl was alert to every sound in the house （因?yàn)樗荒遣靠植离娪皣樀沽耍?50.Some construction workers （偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)一些古幣）that were made in the 9th century.【答案及解析】1.【答案】By contrast, their class is made up of male students only.或By contrast, only male students constitute their class.【解析】本題的主要考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配。表達(dá)“相比”或“與相對(duì)”之意可用詞組by contrast，而“組成”之意可使用前文提到的動(dòng)詞constitute也可使用詞組be made up of。2.【答案】in hopes that we could arrive at the airport on time或in hopes that we could reach the airport on time又或in hopes that we could make it to the airport on time【解析】本題的主要考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配。通過分析前半句可知，“希望”并非句子的謂語(yǔ)，因此不可直接使用動(dòng)詞hope，而應(yīng)使用固定搭配in hopes that意為“懷著的希望”?！皽?zhǔn)時(shí)”之意考查的是比較基礎(chǔ)的詞組on time,此處應(yīng)注意其與表達(dá)“即時(shí)”之意的in time相區(qū)別。而“趕到”之意可用arrive at或reach，也可用表達(dá)“成功地”之意的固定搭配make it to。3.【答案】The fact that these problems are continually showing up或The continual appearance of these problems【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法。通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句謂語(yǔ)為suggest，所以需要翻譯的部分充當(dāng)句子的主語(yǔ)，故可以考慮使用從句或使用名詞性詞組。需要注意的是使用從句時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)法需要補(bǔ)出漢語(yǔ)中沒有體現(xiàn)出的部分the fact，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整。4.【答案】he owes his success to his parents encouragement或He attributes his success to his parentsencouragement【解析】本題考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配。“把歸功于”或“把歸因于”可使用詞組owe.to.或attribute.to.。本題另一個(gè)易錯(cuò)之處在于所有格的使用。以-s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞所有格只需加。5.【答案】We must awaken people to the importance of environment protection【解析】本題主要的考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配。表達(dá)“喚醒對(duì)的注意或警惕”之意應(yīng)使用動(dòng)詞詞組awaken.to.。另一需要注意的地方時(shí)所有格的使用。本題中“環(huán)保的重要性”不可用s表示，而應(yīng)使用of結(jié)構(gòu)。6.【答案】he would have acted differently或He would have acted in a different way【解析】本題主要考查語(yǔ)法，考點(diǎn)是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。由句意提示可知，本句是if引導(dǎo)的虛擬句，表示對(duì)過去情況的假設(shè)。由于前半句出現(xiàn)了had加動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，后半句應(yīng)使用would加have done的結(jié)構(gòu)。7.【答案】As long as you keep working hard或As long as you work hard all the time【解析】本題考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配。表達(dá)“只要”之意可用詞組as long as.，而提示中出現(xiàn)的“一直”則可使用動(dòng)詞詞組keep doing.，意為“一直或持續(xù)做某事”，也可考慮用all the time來(lái)表示時(shí)間。8.【答案】so is every father【解析】本句主要考點(diǎn)為語(yǔ)法，考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。當(dāng)so表示“同樣”或“也”之意時(shí)，其后的句子需要倒裝。翻譯本句時(shí)還要注意every father作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)為單數(shù)形式。9.【答案】where the development of the information highway will lead us【解析】本題的主要考點(diǎn)在語(yǔ)法，考查考生對(duì)從句的掌握情況。由提示可知，從句應(yīng)由where引導(dǎo)，且考生應(yīng)特別注意從句不能為疑問句語(yǔ)序而應(yīng)為陳述句語(yǔ)序。關(guān)于從句的時(shí)態(tài)選擇，根據(jù)中文提示可清楚判斷為一般將來(lái)時(shí)。10.【答案】Hardly had he arrived home或He had hardly arrived home【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配。句意為“他剛到家就開始下雨了?！庇捎诤蟀刖溆蓋hen代起，前半句應(yīng)出現(xiàn)hardly,構(gòu)成固定搭配hardly.when.，且根據(jù)此固定搭配的使用要求，前半句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為過去完成時(shí)。本題由兩種可能的答案，若以hardly開頭，句子需要倒裝，以he開頭則保持正常語(yǔ)序。11.【答案】the thief would not have got in【解析】本題考查考生對(duì)虛擬語(yǔ)氣的掌握。句子由if引導(dǎo)，表示對(duì)過去情況的虛擬，從句時(shí)態(tài)為過去完成時(shí)，主句應(yīng)使用would加have done的結(jié)構(gòu)。12.【答案】meeting you for the first time【解析】本題主要考查核心動(dòng)詞詞組。動(dòng)詞forget之后可加不定式或動(dòng)名詞構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞詞組，forget to do意為“忘記做某事”，其中do所表示的動(dòng)作時(shí)沒做或沒發(fā)生的；而forget doing表示“忘記做過某事”，doing所反映的動(dòng)作為做了或已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的。本句表達(dá)的意思是“我從未忘記第一次和你的見面?！焙苊黠@，“見面”為已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事，故meet應(yīng)以動(dòng)名詞的形式出現(xiàn)。13.【答案】holding a big paper box【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)為語(yǔ)法，考查分詞的使用。通過中文提示及分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，需要翻譯的部分并非句子的謂語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)而是表示伴隨的狀況。應(yīng)注意，因?yàn)閞oom之后出現(xiàn)了逗號(hào)，本題不可用with結(jié)構(gòu)而應(yīng)使用分詞。又因Mary是“抱著”的邏輯主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)選動(dòng)詞hold的現(xiàn)在分詞形式holding。14.【答案】tore the envelope open【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于核心動(dòng)詞。表達(dá)“撕開”之意應(yīng)選擇動(dòng)詞tear，tear是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞,過去式為tore。本題另一個(gè)易錯(cuò)之處在于選擇表示“開”的詞。由句意可知，“開”指的是信封的狀態(tài)而不是對(duì)動(dòng)詞“撕”的修飾，故應(yīng)用形容詞。15.【答案】Ill have it fixed tomorrow.或Im going to have it fixed tomorrow.【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配。have.done與do sth的區(qū)別在于前者意為“讓別人做某事”。本題需要表達(dá)讓別人修理洗衣機(jī)，故應(yīng)為have it repaired。16.【答案】which might damage our health【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法，主要考查對(duì)從句的使用。由于空格前出現(xiàn)了逗號(hào)，空格部分應(yīng)補(bǔ)出從句而而非一個(gè)完整的句子。由句意可知，逗號(hào)之前出現(xiàn)的it指的是water，而對(duì)健康有害的東西正是water,故因翻譯出一個(gè)以it為先行詞的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。17.【答案】The letter will have been finished【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)為語(yǔ)法，主要考查時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)中文提示不難判斷出需要翻譯的部分應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，而后半句出現(xiàn)了by the time you come back,表達(dá)的是將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間，因此前半句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為表示將來(lái)的時(shí)態(tài)，又因句意為“已經(jīng)寫完”，故應(yīng)選擇將來(lái)完成時(shí)。18.【答案】Although they are not rich【解析】本題考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法。“盡管”之意出現(xiàn)在句首，故最好選擇用although表達(dá)。需要注意的是空格部分應(yīng)為從句，需要根據(jù)語(yǔ)法要求補(bǔ)充出從句的主語(yǔ)they，這個(gè)部分在中文中沒有體現(xiàn)出來(lái)，所以是常見的出錯(cuò)點(diǎn)。19.【答案】I used to go to the cinema a lot【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配。有幾個(gè)看起來(lái)相似的詞組是?？嫉目键c(diǎn)，即used to do, be used to do和be used to doing。used to do意為“過去常?！保琤e used to do是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的體現(xiàn)，意為“被用于”而be used to doing意思是“習(xí)慣”。本題應(yīng)選用used to do這一固定搭配。另一需要注意的考點(diǎn)是“看電影”的說(shuō)法，習(xí)慣上看電影并不直譯為see films或see movies而用go to the cinema來(lái)表達(dá)。20.【答案】it easier for the children to understand the words【解析】本題考點(diǎn)在于固定句型。It is.for sb to do.意為“對(duì)某人而言做某事是的”，而本題空格部分是整句的賓語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)句型相應(yīng)補(bǔ)入需要的詞即可。21.【答案】Since you are leaving tomorrow或Since you will leave tomorrow【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于核心詞的使用。表達(dá)“既然”之意應(yīng)使用since，此外還需注意，“既然你們明天才走”描述的是事實(shí)而非假設(shè)的情況，因此無(wú)需使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。22.【答案】but his health is in poor condition now或but he is not in good health now【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配及核心詞的使用。在表達(dá)健康狀況時(shí)，中英文存在語(yǔ)言差異，中文可以有“他的健康很好”這樣的說(shuō)法，而英文不可說(shuō)His health is good.故本題易錯(cuò)譯為but his health is not good now或his health is poor now.正確的做法應(yīng)使用固定搭配in condition,意為“處于的狀況或狀態(tài)”或使用習(xí)慣說(shuō)法be in good health。23.【答案】The destruction brought by the earthquake was so serious或So great was the destruction brought by the earthquake【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法及固定搭配。聯(lián)系中文提示及空格后出現(xiàn)的that不難看出，本句需要用so.that.表示“如此以致于”。本題有兩種正確答案，若以so開頭則句子需要倒裝，若以the destruction開頭則保留正常語(yǔ)序。另外還需注意，“地震的破壞”不可翻譯為所有格，而應(yīng)根據(jù)意思表達(dá)為“地震帶來(lái)的破壞”。24.【答案】who is famous for his/her splendid speeches或known for his/her splendid speeches【解析】本題的主要考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法。通過分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句主語(yǔ)為the speaker，謂語(yǔ)部分為was warmly received，需要翻譯出的部分是對(duì)主語(yǔ)情況的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。由此可看出，空格部分可以是以句子主語(yǔ)為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句也可以是用分詞來(lái)表示修飾的結(jié)構(gòu)。故本題有兩種可能性，可譯為從句或分詞結(jié)構(gòu)。25.【答案】you will have seen the most historic parts of London【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)為語(yǔ)法，考查考生對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)的判斷。By the time you get to Greenwich表示的是將來(lái)的時(shí)間，而根據(jù)中文提示可知，需要譯出的部分應(yīng)使用將來(lái)完成時(shí)，故謂語(yǔ)部分應(yīng)為will have seen。26.【答案】The day is not far away when【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法，要求考生體現(xiàn)對(duì)從句的掌握。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句的主干為the day is not far away,而已經(jīng)給出的英文部分是一個(gè)時(shí)間從句，指的是句子的主語(yǔ)the day,因此空格部分應(yīng)譯為The day is not far away when，考生應(yīng)注意不能忽略了從句的引導(dǎo)詞when。27.【答案】Never before have I seen anyone或I have never seen anyone【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法。完整的句子意思是“在修車方面我從未見過誰(shuí)有約翰那樣高明的技術(shù)?！笨梢娨呀?jīng)給出的英文部分是一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，其先行詞為“任何人”。本題有兩種可能的答案，比較簡(jiǎn)單和直觀的是正常語(yǔ)序的I have never seen anyone。但也可將never置于句首，后接一個(gè)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，即Never before have I seen anyone。28.【答案】to have been completed【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法。由句意可知，需要翻譯的部分應(yīng)使用過去將來(lái)時(shí)，但應(yīng)為空格前已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了be動(dòng)詞was,所以“完成”之意不可能表達(dá)為would be completed，只能考慮用不定式表將來(lái)。聯(lián)系句意，最好把“完成”譯為完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故答案為to have been completed。29.【答案】despite his friends attempt to persuade him not to或though his friend persuaded him not to【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于核心詞。表達(dá)“勸說(shuō)”之意可用比較基礎(chǔ)的動(dòng)詞詞組persuade.to do，而“盡管”可以選擇though/although或despite。需要特別注意的是though或although引導(dǎo)從句而despite后應(yīng)加名詞性結(jié)構(gòu)。故本題可能有兩種正確答案。30.【答案】One of the reasons why students dont like the traditional class或One of the factors that make the students dislike the traditional class【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法。翻譯時(shí)可考慮使用makedo這一方式表達(dá)“讓某人做某事”，當(dāng)然也可根據(jù)中文提示使用表達(dá)原因的reason,故本題同樣可以有兩種正確答案。31.【答案】ranging from clothes and food to computer games【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于固定搭配即及語(yǔ)法。見到“從到”，大多數(shù)考生會(huì)想到from.to.。需要注意，from.to.可以表示時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)方面的范圍，而根據(jù)句意，在表達(dá)經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍時(shí)，最好在前面加一個(gè)動(dòng)詞range。又因需要翻譯的部分并非句子的謂語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞range應(yīng)變?yōu)楝F(xiàn)在分詞的形式。32.【答案】making it possible for us to finish the project【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法及固定句型。有句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，需要翻譯的部分并非句子的謂語(yǔ)部分，故“讓”之意不能用動(dòng)詞原型make而應(yīng)使用現(xiàn)在分詞making。此處還需使用固定句型It isfor to do,意為“對(duì)某人而言做某事是的”。33.【答案】pollution still remains one of the most serious problems of the present and future或pollution is still one of the most serious problems of the present and future【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于核心詞的選擇及使用。表達(dá)中文提示中“仍是”之意最好選擇動(dòng)詞remain，但選用be動(dòng)詞也能作出正確的翻譯。另一個(gè)需要注意的考點(diǎn)在于“最嚴(yán)重”應(yīng)使用形容詞的最高級(jí)來(lái)表示。34.【答案】it can be brought under control by effort on a global basis【解析】本題主要考查核心詞的使用。表達(dá)“控制”之意時(shí)中英文的習(xí)慣說(shuō)法有差異，中文常說(shuō)“這個(gè)問題已被控制”而英文不可逐字譯為This problem has been controlled.而應(yīng)使用習(xí)慣說(shuō)法be under control。35.【答案】In any society where racial discrimination exists或In a society with racial discrimination【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法，主要考查從句知識(shí)。由句子結(jié)構(gòu)及句意可知，需要翻譯的部分是整句的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，而這個(gè)部分的中心詞是“社會(huì)”，“任何一個(gè)存在種族歧視”是“社會(huì)”的限定成分。本題可能出現(xiàn)兩種正確答案，其一為使用以society為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句，其二為使用with表示伴隨的狀況。36.【答案】so will the population of India【解析】本題的靠點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法，主要考查倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。以so開頭表達(dá)“也”或“同樣”的句子需要倒裝，故應(yīng)譯為so will the population of India。另一個(gè)易錯(cuò)之處在于“印度”，由于動(dòng)詞grow的邏輯主語(yǔ)是population而非India,翻譯時(shí)中文的“印度”應(yīng)譯為“印度的人口”。37.【答案】scientists will be able to exactly predict the occurrence of earthquakes【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法及英文習(xí)慣表達(dá)。由于中英文的語(yǔ)言差異，本題不可逐字翻譯為scientists will be able to predict earthquake,而應(yīng)根據(jù)句意補(bǔ)充出“出現(xiàn)”或“發(fā)生”這個(gè)意思。38.【答案】All night long he lay awake【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于核心詞的選擇及使用。表達(dá)“清醒”之意應(yīng)使用形容詞awake，需要特別注意的是在英文中“清醒”并非修飾“躺”的副詞。而“整夜”之意可用固定表達(dá)all night long來(lái)表示。39.【答案】the whole structure of our society depends on mutual trust【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法及固定搭配。很明顯，需要翻譯的部分是accept的賓語(yǔ)從句，而“依賴于”可使用詞組depend on。應(yīng)注意，“社會(huì)的整個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)”不可用s表示所有格而應(yīng)使用of結(jié)構(gòu)。40.【答案】the playground has been full of students doing morning exercises或the playground has been full of students who are doing morning exercises【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于語(yǔ)法，主要考查時(shí)態(tài)選擇、從句或分詞的使用。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)by six thirty every morning可知，本句應(yīng)使用完成時(shí)態(tài)。而“晨練的學(xué)生”可用兩種方法翻譯，一為以“學(xué)生”為先行詞的定語(yǔ)從句，其二為使用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞。41.【答案】being an honest girl或as an honest girl【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)是語(yǔ)法，主要考查非謂語(yǔ)成分。不難看出，帶有空格的句子主語(yǔ)為she，謂語(yǔ)部分是would not cheat。需要翻譯的部分不作謂語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)考慮非謂語(yǔ)形式，可用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞，也可用as表示“作為”之意。42.【答案】No matter how you think of him【解析】本題的考點(diǎn)在于核心詞的選擇及使用。由于中英兩種語(yǔ)言的差異，本題不可逐字翻譯，特別是此處中文的“看”不能譯為see，而應(yīng)根據(jù)英文的表達(dá)習(xí)慣調(diào)整為think。另一容易錯(cuò)譯之處在于語(yǔ)序，從句中不可用疑問句語(yǔ)序no matter how do you think of him，而應(yīng)改為陳述句語(yǔ)序。43.【答案】it is impossible for you to catch up on it in a week【解析】本題考點(diǎn)在于固定句型，考查it is.for.to do這