賓語從句2ppt.ppt

賓語從句三要點(diǎn) 一 賓語從句的概念 賓語從句 在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句 在句中作動(dòng)詞 介詞的賓語 eg WeknowMrGreenteachesEnglish Createaninterestinwhatyoulerrn 賓語從句是初中英語教材中重點(diǎn)語法之一 也是中考一個(gè)考查熱點(diǎn) 二 賓語從句三要素 引導(dǎo)詞 連接詞 語序時(shí)態(tài) 要點(diǎn)一 賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞 當(dāng)賓語從句是由陳述句變化而來時(shí) 該從句通常由that引導(dǎo) 此時(shí)that沒有具體意義 口語中可以省略 例如 I msure Youhaveseenthatbookbefore 合并句子 I msure that youhaveseenthatbookbefore 2 當(dāng)賓語從句是由一般疑問句變化而來時(shí) 用連詞if或whether引導(dǎo) 意思為 是否 表示選擇 例如 Couldyoutellus Willhereallycomehere 合并句子 Couldyoutellusif whetherhewillreallycomehere 注意 if和whether在引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí) 一般可以互換 但下列5種情況中只能用whether 而不能用if 1 當(dāng)和ornot一起使用時(shí) 例如 Wedidn tknowwhetherornotshewasready 我們不知道她是否已做好準(zhǔn)備 2 賓語從句用作介詞賓語時(shí) 例如 Iaminterestedinwhetherhejoinedthearmy 我對(duì)他是否參軍了很感興趣 3 當(dāng)賓語從句移到句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí) 例如 Whetherthisistrueornot I mnotsure 這是否真實(shí) 我不敢肯定 4 連詞處于動(dòng)詞不定式前 用whether而不用if 例如 Wedecidedwhethertowalkthere 5 用在discuss后面時(shí) Theyarediscussingwhethertheyshouldgobybus 小結(jié) 三前二后 句子前面 ornot前面 不定式前 介詞之后與discuss后 要用whether不用if 3 當(dāng)賓語從句由特殊疑問句變化而來時(shí) 則用該特殊疑問詞來引導(dǎo)賓語從句 例如 Couldyoutellme Whereisthenearestpostoffice 合并句子 Couldyoutellmewherethenearestpostofficeis 注意 連接詞作定語時(shí) 和它所修飾的詞是不可以分開的 例如 Whattime whichroom howmanypeople等 例如 Idon tknowhowmanypeoplethereareintheroom 要點(diǎn)二 賓語從句的語序 賓語從句一律用陳述句語序 從句的結(jié)構(gòu)均為 引導(dǎo)詞 主語 謂語 其他成分 例如 1 Wedon tknowwhentheywillarrive 2 Couldyoutellmewhichwaywemusttaketogettothemuseum Choose 1 I mnotsure A wheredoyouliveB whereyoulive B 2 Theydon tknow A wherethemuseumisB whereisthemuseum A 3 Doyouremember A wheredidyouputthekeysB whereyouputthekeys B 4 Ihavenoidea A howmuchaconcertticketcostsB howmuchdoesaconcertticketcost A 5 Doyouknow A isitgoingtorainB ifitisgoingtorain B 6 Canyoutellme A wherehavetheymovedB whethertheyhavemoved B 7 I mnotreallysure A whethertheplanewillbelateB willtheplanebelate A 要點(diǎn)三 賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài) 有三條規(guī)則 1 如果主句是祈使句或是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或一般將來時(shí)態(tài) 賓語從句可根據(jù)句意選擇任何一種時(shí)態(tài) 例如 1 Doyouknowwhohewastalkingwithateightlastnight 2 Pleasetellmehowmanypicturestheyhavedrawn 3 Marysaysshewillcomebacksoon 2 如果主句是一般過去時(shí) 則賓語從句常用表示過去的任意時(shí)態(tài) 例如 1 Hesaidthathewasacleaner 2 Iknewshehadcleanedthehousealready 3 如果賓語從句表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí) 真理 自然現(xiàn)象 名言 諺語等時(shí) 主句即使使用了過去時(shí) 賓語從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 例如 1 Hesaid that timeismoney 2 Ourteachertoldusthatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound 3 Shesaidthatoneandonemakestwo 1 Theheadmasterhopeseverything well go 2 Tomsaysthatthey play basketballatsixo clockyesterdayevening 3 Ihearthey return italready 4 Heaskedwhatthey ateightlastnight do 5 Hesaidthatthey membersofthePartysince1948 be Exercise goes wereplaying havereturned weredoing hadbeen 6 Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight fasterthansound travel 7 Ithinkyou abouttherelayracenow talk 8 Ididn tknowwhomtheletters from be 9 Theradiosaysit cloudytomorrow be travels aretalking were Willbe 例2 Idon tknow hewillcometomorrw hecomes I lltellyou 2005江蘇 A if WhetherB whether WhetherC if ThatD if If 解析 例 中 前一句是賓語從句 用if和whether均可 但后一句為條件狀語從句 只能用if 故答案為D D 例3 Idon tknowifhe Hewillcomeifit A comes won trainB willcome doesn trainC comes doesn trainD willcome won train 解析 例 中 前一句是if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句 根據(jù)意思判斷應(yīng)為將來時(shí) 后一句是條件狀語從句 主句為將來時(shí) 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 故答案為B B 在中考試題中 對(duì)賓語從句的考查主要體現(xiàn)在三個(gè)方面 連詞 語序和時(shí)態(tài) 近年來對(duì)狀語從句和賓語從句的混合考查更加頻繁 要注意綜合分析 下面還有五道模擬中考題 大家做做看 1 Iwanttoknowifthey thespringsportsmeetingnextmonth Ifthey it Imustgetreadyforit A hold willholdB willhold holdC hold holdD willhold willhold B 2 Excuseme sir couldyoutellme A whereIcanfindthetoiletB wherecanIfindthetoiletC wheredoIfindthetoiletD thetoiletiswhere 3 Couldyoutellme Yes They tothelibrary A Wherearethetwins havebeenB Wherewerethetwins havegoneC Wherewerethetwins havebeenD Wherethetwinswere havegone A D 4 Doyouknow Yes hecamehereonatrain A whenhecamehereB ifhewillcomehereC whyhecamehereD howhecamehere 5 FatheraskedEdison doingthatfor A howhewasB whathewasC WhywasheD wherehewas D B 賓語從句巧記歌 學(xué)習(xí)賓從三注意 時(shí)態(tài)主現(xiàn)從任 主過從過語序必用陳述序 that連接陳述句 省與不省沒關(guān)系 從句若表是否時(shí) if whether均可以 特殊問句作賓語 仍用原來疑問詞 1 Idon tknowifhe come tomorrow Ifhe come I llringyouup willcome comes 2 Hedoesn tknow tostayornot whetherB ifC eitherD ifhewill A whether 3 Idon tknow ornotourteacherwillcomehere hecomes I llletyouknow if whetherB whether ifC whether whetherD if if B 13 Hetoldme hewasthirteenhisfatherdied A when thatB thatC D That when14Doyouthink anEnglishfilmtomorrownight A isthereB thereisgoingtohaveC thereisgoingtobeD willtherebe15 Idon tknow hewillcometomorrow hecomes I lltellyou A if whetherB whether whetherC it thatDif If 16 Theteachersaidthey ameetingnextMonday A haveB hasC hadD wouldhave17 Couldyoutellme A wheredoesuncl