譯林版高中英語(yǔ)必修三教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)（通用）：Unit 2 Language 語(yǔ)法部分輔導(dǎo).doc

牛津高一英語(yǔ)m3u2 language語(yǔ)法部分輔導(dǎo)高一牛津版名詞性從句語(yǔ)法小結(jié)名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句和賓語(yǔ)從句，它是高考考題中復(fù)現(xiàn)率最高的語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象之一。近年來(lái)高考對(duì)名詞性從句的考核主要體現(xiàn)在下列幾方面：(1)考查主句和從句間的連詞使用，尤其是使用that，if，whether，what，whatever等連接詞的使用情況。(2)名詞性從句中主句和從句中時(shí)態(tài)的一致。(3)從句在主句中位置以及在主句中的語(yǔ)序。高考重點(diǎn)會(huì)放在名詞性從句中連詞的使用上。大家一定要注意以下五種情況：1that在名詞性從句中的幾種使用情況。2what連接詞的語(yǔ)言意義和語(yǔ)法功能。3whether在名詞性從句中的使用場(chǎng)合和區(qū)別。4whoever和whomever在名詞性從句中的語(yǔ)法功能。5what和which在具體語(yǔ)境下意義的不同。主語(yǔ)從句一概述：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)成份的句子叫做主語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句的詞有連詞that；whether。疑問(wèn)代詞who；what；which；whatever；whichever；whoever。疑問(wèn)副詞when；where；why；how等。that she won the game made us very happy. what is needed is careful preparation.whether she is coming or not doesnt matter too much.who will go there makes no difference.which team will win the match is still not certain.why he did that was a secret.二that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句 that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在主語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有任何意義，也不充當(dāng)任何成分，只是單純的連詞，that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)不能省略。在通常情況下，that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，常常用it做形式主語(yǔ)，而將that從句置于句尾。如果用that引導(dǎo)的從句做主語(yǔ)的句子是疑問(wèn)句，就只能用it做形式主語(yǔ)。that he will succeed is certain.that her mother was ill made her very sad.it is certain that he will succeed.it makes me very happy that she won the game. it made her very sad that her mother was ill. is it certain that he will come?is it true that he would take the risk?三whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句whether引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句如置于句首，只能用whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)。如果用it做形式主語(yǔ)，可以用whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)，有時(shí)也可以用if來(lái)引導(dǎo)。whether she will go there is not known whether i will accept the job is not decided. it is not decided whether / if i will accept the job.四wh-疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句 用what；whatever；whoever；whichever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，不能用it做形式主語(yǔ)。但用when；where；why；wherever；whenever引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可以用it做形式主語(yǔ)。what we need is your help. what she said is not true. whatever i have is yours. whoever comes will be welcome. wherever she wants to go is not allowed. why he did this is not known. it is not known why he did this. it is still unknown when she will come. 表語(yǔ)從句一概述：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)成份的句子叫做表語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有連詞that；whether；as if。疑問(wèn)代詞who；what；which。疑問(wèn)副詞when；where；why；how等。 e.g.the trouble is that she has lost his telephone number.the question is whether it is worth doing. it looks as if it was going to snow. that is where she was born. that is how she did it. thats why she was late. 二that引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 that引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，在表語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有任何意義，也不充當(dāng)任何成分，只是單純的連詞，而且不能省略。the fact is that the child is lying. the trouble is that we are short of money. the reason he did not come is that he was ill. my opinion is that you should finish your homework first. 三whether引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)表語(yǔ)從句為不確定語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，用whether來(lái)引導(dǎo)。此時(shí)不能用if來(lái)代替。the first question is whether it is true or not. the question is whether people will buy it. what i want to know is whether i should go there.the question remains whether we can win the majority of the people. 四wh-疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句 當(dāng)表語(yǔ)從句為帶有特定的疑問(wèn)意義時(shí)，用wh-疑問(wèn)詞來(lái)引導(dǎo)。the problem is how we could make him understand it. the question is where we can get the books. thats why wang dong got scolded. 五as if；as though引導(dǎo)的表語(yǔ)從句。he looks as if / as though he were angry. 賓語(yǔ)從句一概述：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成份的句子叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有連詞that；whether；if。疑問(wèn)代詞who；whose；what；which。疑問(wèn)副詞when；where；why；how等。 i think that he will be all right in a few days. do you know whom they are waiting for. he asked whose dictionary it was. please pay attention to what the teacher said. i dont know when and where we are going to have the meeting. can you tell me how i can get to the railway station? 二功能：1.) 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)： i wonder whether you can get here on time. she told me that she would accept my invitation. i hear that physics isnt easy. 2.) 作介詞的賓語(yǔ)：our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another. he differed from his colleagues in that he devoted his spare time to reading. 3.) 作形容詞的賓語(yǔ)：在afraid；anxious；certain；determined；glad；proud；surprised；worried；sorry；thankful；ashamed；disappointed；pleased；satisfied；content等形容詞后面用that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。 im very pleased that you all have passed the examination. im afraid that i have made a mistake. we are not sure whether we can persuade him out of smoking.三that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 that引導(dǎo)是陳述句的賓語(yǔ)從句。that只是單純的連詞，在賓語(yǔ)從句中沒(méi)有任何意義，也不充當(dāng)任何成分，只是單純的連詞，一般情況下可以省略。i told him (that) he was wrong. lets suppose (that) one day this happens to you. 在許多帶有復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)的句子中，人們通常把that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句移到句子的后面去，而用it做形式賓語(yǔ)，這時(shí)that一般不能省略。we think it wrong that he told a lie to his parents. we thought it a pity that she missed the chance. he has made it clear that he wont agree to the plan.we consider it necessary that we should open our door to the outside world. 主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是agree；argue；hold；learn；maintain(主張)；observe；contend；remark(評(píng)論)；state；suggest；announce時(shí)，引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that通常不能省略。當(dāng)復(fù)合句中含有多個(gè)并列的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，特別是當(dāng)?shù)谝粋€(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句比較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)候，第一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞that可省也可不省略，但后面的賓語(yǔ)從句前的連詞that不能省略。i wish (that) we could go sightseeing in hangzhou this summer and that we could buy some clothes on our way back in shanghai.四whether；if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句表示不肯定或疑問(wèn)意義時(shí)由whether；if來(lái)引導(dǎo)。表示“是否”，“是不是”時(shí)，一般可以互換。但是在句子中如果有or not, 只能用whether。此外，在做介詞的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)也只能用whether, 而不能用if來(lái)引導(dǎo)。he asked if / whether she would come. i dont know whether he will come or not. they are talking about whether he will win the game. everything depends on whether you agree with us. 五wh-疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句 you may ask him when he will come. do you know who will come to dinner this evening? he asked whose handwriting was the best in our class. please tell me where you are going. he didnt know why she didnt go to school that dayi wonder whom she wants to see. 六賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序：賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序是陳述句語(yǔ)序。she wants to know whether i like that film. the teacher asked me if i could finish my homework on time do you know why january is hotter than july in australia? im not interested in what he is doing. 七賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)：賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)必須接受并服從主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的要求。當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可以根據(jù)需要選用任何一種時(shí)態(tài)。當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)是過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能在過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中進(jìn)行選擇。she says that she works from monday to friday. she says that she will have a message on his desk. she says that she has never been to the great wall. he said that they were having a meeting at that time. he said that he would do everything he could to help her. 但是如果賓語(yǔ)從句是客觀真理時(shí)，則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。the teacher said that light travels much faster than sound. the teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 同位語(yǔ)從句一概述：在復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)成份的句子叫做同位語(yǔ)從句。同位語(yǔ)從句用在某些名詞如idea；fact；news；promise之后，說(shuō)明或解釋這些名詞。引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句的連接詞有連詞that。疑問(wèn)副詞when；where；how等。 i have no idea when he will be back. we he