高中英語復(fù)習(xí)提綱.doc

高中英語復(fù)習(xí)提綱Book1A Unit12一、基本詞匯argue, cast, survive, desert, hunt, share, adventure, repeat, majority, native, total, equal, communicate, trade, exchange, tidy, compare, fond of, hunt for, in order to, care about, such as, drop sb. a line, make oneself at home, in total, except for, stay up, come about, end up with, bring in, a great many二、詞語、短語歸納..2.13. Have a good knowledge of 掌握；很熟悉14.Have trouble/difficulty (in)doing sth.做某事有困難1.Imagine + (sb.)doing sth.想象（某人）做某事5.26.27.mean to do sth.打算去做某事；mean doing sth.意味著做某事28.must have done一定/肯定已經(jīng)；cant/couldnt have done一定/肯定沒有.；neednt have done本來不必做某事（實際上卻已經(jīng)做了）；should/ought to have done本來應(yīng)該做某事（實際上并沒有做）；shouldnt/oughtnt to have done本來不應(yīng)該做某事（實際上卻做了）；could have done本來可以做某事（實際上并沒有做）；would have done本來想要做某事（但實際上并沒有做）29.as many as多達；as long as長達；只要；as far as遠至；就而論；as well as和一樣好；既又；不但而且；as early as早在；30.be tired of對感到厭倦；be tired from由于而感到疲勞；be tired out精疲力竭31.on the way to doing sth.就要/將要.32.over 超過；大于；經(jīng)過（一件事或一段時間）三、基本句型1.what do you think?你認為？2. If youre going to take the day off, then so will I.如果你那天準(zhǔn)備休息，我也要這樣。 She couldnt work out the answer, and nor/neither could I.她算不出這個答案，我也算不出.3.so it is/was with+(另一個) 主語（=it is/was the same with + (另一個)主語） 表示“某人也一樣”（前面的句子說的是兩種或兩種以上的情況，另外一個主語與前面句子的主語的情況相同。此結(jié)構(gòu)既可用于肯定句，也可用于否定句） Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language.馬克思出生于德國，德語是他的母語 So it was with Engels/It was the same with Engels.恩格斯也是如此.4.while作并列連詞，表示“然而”的用法5. There is so little time left that I have to leave at once. There are such little children(小孩子) that they can not understand what you say sometimes. It is so interesting a book that I want to read it again. Tom was such an honest boy that he was praised by the teacher.6.（這是一個倒裝句） So badly was he injured that he had to be sent to hospital.他的傷勢很重，不得不送醫(yī)院。7. 8.It is/was +被強調(diào)部分+that/who +從句. （強調(diào)句型）在強調(diào)句型中，把It is/was和that/who去掉，句子意義照樣完整。It was I who/that saw John in Guilin last week.It is/was not until+ (強調(diào)句型)在強調(diào)句型中，把It is/was和that/who去掉，句子意義照樣完整。It was not until my father came back that I went to bed.It was not until 10:00 that I went to bed.疑問詞（what/where/how/who/when等）+ is/was +that + 從句?在強調(diào)句型中，把It is/was和that去掉，句子意義照樣完整。What is it that Joe cant find in the bathroom?9.In order to、so as to與so that、in order that(為了)in order to do sth.與so as to do sth.與to do sth.均可作目的狀語，但so as to do sth.不能置于句首. (In order) to catch the first bus, they got up very early that morning. They got up very early that morning so as to catch the first bus.so that與 in order that都可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句, 但so that引導(dǎo)的從句一般不放在句首. They got up very early that morning so that they might catch the first bus. In order that they might catch the first bus, they got up very early that morning.10.do you suppose/do you imagine/do you believe/do you think都可作為插入語成分，置于句首、居中、句尾，通常用于特殊疑問句中，并且其后的語序用陳述語序，即使用“主語+謂語+賓語”和“主語+系動詞be+表語”的語序。 When do you think they will arrive? Where do you believe I have made a mistake?11.It/This + 注意：如果前面是is, 后面的句子通常用現(xiàn)在完成時；如果前面是was, 后面的句子通常用過去完成時； This is the second time (that) Lily has been to Beijing. It was the third time (that) I had left my hometown.Book1A Unit34一、基本詞匯consider, means, board, experience, vacation, normal, handle, poison, separate, combine, host, scare, rescue, advance, seize, swallow, drag, struggle, fight, flow, shake, strike, destroy, fear, opportunity, touch, watch out (for), protect sb./sth. from, on the other hand, as well as, see sb. off, take place, on fire, get on ones feet, go through, on holiday二、詞語、短語歸納1. consider(考慮)2.consider(認為)3. .8. 9.10.11.be caught in 陷入，被困于12.get away from 逃離；逃避；擺脫13.go for 舉行；進行14.protect sb./sth. from 保護某人/某事免受的侵害15.in a second 片刻之后16.hold on to (doing) sth. 抓住；緊握；保留或保住某物；堅持住17.get on ones feet = stand up 站起來18.go through 通過；經(jīng)受；經(jīng)歷；仔細檢查19.as with = just as 和一樣20.21.make sth. easy to do sth. 使得某些事做起來容易22.stop to do sth.停止做原來的事而去做另一件事；stop doing sth.停止做正在做的事；remember to do sth.記著去做某事；remember doing sth.記得曾經(jīng)做過某事；forget to do sth.忘記去做某事；forget doing sth.忘記曾經(jīng)做過某事；regret to do sth.遺憾地去做某事；regret doing sth.后悔做了某事；23.imagine doing sth.想象做某事；imagine sb. doing sth.想象某人做某事；24.get close to = get near to接近；靠近；貼近；25.in + 一段時間 “在之后（將來時態(tài)）”；after在之后（一般過去時態(tài)）26.used to do sth.過去常常做某事；be/become/get used to (ding) sth.習(xí)慣于；be used to do sth.被用來做某事；三、基本句型1.It is/was clear to sb. That從句2.It didnt take long before3.Where are you traveling to London?4.Good luck with your trip!5.sb./sth.+ 系動詞be + 形容詞+ to do sth.= It is/was + 形容詞+（for/of sb. ）+ to do sth. Hiking is easy to do and doesnt have to be very expensive. The man is hard to work with.= It is hard to work with the man. 這人很難共事.6.be about to do sth. when 正要做某事，突然 be to do sth. 表示將來，即按計劃，安排要做，想要做，或注定要發(fā)生的事。7.It didnt/doesnt take long before 過了不久，就 It takes/took long before 過了很久才 It was/is long before過了很久才 It will take/be long before 要過很久才 It wont take/be long before 不久就會8. 9.considering可作介詞或連詞，意為“就而論”、“考慮到” Considering (that) he got sick noe and then, he did well on the test.就他不時生病而論，他考的還不錯。10.by no means 決不（用于句首時，句子用部分倒裝語序） By no means is she an inexperienced teacher.她絕不是一個毫無經(jīng)驗的老師。11. We were struck by the generosity of even the poorest citizens. 使我們深受感動的是，甚至最貧窮的市民也慷慨大方.It strkes me that she is a kind-hearted woman.我突然意識到，她是一個好心人。12.連接兩個主語時，as well as 應(yīng)根據(jù)其前面的主語確定謂語動詞的人稱或單復(fù)數(shù)；not only(just)but(also)應(yīng)根據(jù)but (also)后的主語確定謂語動詞的人稱或單復(fù)數(shù)。 I as well as she am a student.我和她都是學(xué)生。 She as well as I is a student.她和我都是學(xué)生。13.Not only/just, but (also)位于句首不連接主語而連接句子時，not only/just連接的句子應(yīng)使用部分倒裝語序，即把系動詞be、助動詞、情態(tài)動詞置于主語前。但是，but(also)引導(dǎo)的句子不倒裝。 Not only shall we work hard, but we shall also learn how to work hard. 我們不僅要苦干，而且要學(xué)會巧干。14.同位語從句 在英語中，一個句子跟在一個名詞或代詞后，對這個名詞或代詞作進一步的解釋或說明，這樣的從句就叫同位語從句，常見的名詞有：idea, fact, news, hope, thought, doubt, reason, promise, question等。 We expressed the hope that you would come and visit China again. The news that they beat us is not true.15.“祈使句+ and/or + 將來時態(tài)的句子”這個句型是英語中常見的句型，祈使句表示一個條件，后面的將來時態(tài)的句子就表示一個結(jié)果。此句型常用來表示建議、提出要求等，意為“做某事，就” 或“做某事，否則”。Study hard and youll succeed.努力學(xué)習(xí)，你就會成功。Stop smoking or youll have a poor health.不要吸煙了，否則你的身體會不好的。Book1A Unit56一、基本詞匯scene, career, role, choice, degree, speed, creature, owe, accept, determine, live, comment, interrupt, introduce, apologize, fault, culture, custom, manner, flesh, raise, extra, stare, take off, in all, stay away, run after, on the air, think highly of, leave out二、詞語、短語歸納..9.10.11.spirit精神-spirits烈酒、情緒 custom風(fēng)俗-customs海關(guān) air空氣-airs氣派，神氣 regard尊重-reards問候 color顏色-colors旗幟 content內(nèi)容-contents目錄 ruin毀滅-ruins廢墟 good益處-goods貨物 time時間-times時代，次數(shù)，倍數(shù)， work工作-works作品，工廠 condition狀況-conditions環(huán)境8.think highly of 對評價很高19.pay a visit to sth./sb./sw.拜訪某人/物/地20.make a good impression留下好印象21.drink to (sth./sb.)為干杯22.keep/bear sth. In mind牢記心中23.determine on (doing) sth. 決定（做）做某事24.25.on/over the air在播出；通過無線電廣播26.owe thanks to sb.感謝某人27.a + 序數(shù)詞= another又一；另一28.can/could afford sth.負擔(dān)得起/買得起某物；cant/couldnt afford sth.負擔(dān)不起/買不起某物；can/could afford to do sth.有足夠的錢（時間、地方等）做某事；cant/couldnt afford to do sth.沒有足夠的錢（時間、地方等）做某事；29.in ones opinion在某人看來；30.make use of利用；make full use of 充分利用；31.for the moment暫時；目前；in a moment很快；立即；at the moment此時；此刻；for a moment一會兒；片刻；32.at the table坐在桌子邊；at table在吃飯；在用餐；三、基本句型1.While/When/If/Unless/Once/Though/Although/Enven if/After等 + 名詞（介詞短語、doing sth.、done），+ 主句 While in Viena he studied music.在維也納時，他學(xué)習(xí)音樂。 While typing the letter, he heard the telephone ring.用打字機打那封信時，她聽見電話響了。（主動） When asked what to do next, she kept silent.當(dāng)問及她下一步做什么時，她一言不發(fā)。（被動）2.none“沒有（三者及以上）人或物”；在簡略答語中用來回答how many/how much引導(dǎo)的問句 - How many elephants did you see there? - None. no one “沒有人”；在簡略答語中用來回答who 引導(dǎo)的問句 - Who is in the dining-room now? - No one. nothing“沒有什么事情或東西”；在簡略答語中用來回答what引導(dǎo)的問句 - What have you bought? - Nothing.3.the reason whywas/is that“的原因是” The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat. The reason why many people want to buy it is that the price is low.4.not only(just)but(also)的到狀結(jié)構(gòu)。 當(dāng)not only/just引導(dǎo)的句子位于句首時，not only/just引導(dǎo)的句子要主謂倒裝，即把系動詞be、助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語的前面。但but(also)引導(dǎo)的句子不倒裝。 Not only did he teach English,but he taught Chinese in a school last year. 他去年不僅在一所學(xué)校教英語，而且教漢語.5.It作形式主語的用法.6.介詞+having done, he7.cant help句型 cant/ couldnt help (to) do sth.不能幫忙干某事。 I cant help clean the room with you, for Im busy. 因為我太忙了，不能幫你打掃房間. cant/couldnt help doing sth. 禁不住干某事 I couldnt help laughing when I saw her strange face. 當(dāng)我看到她奇怪的臉時，我情不自禁地笑了。 cant help but do sth. (=cant but do sth.)不得不、必須干某事；只能 I cant but laugh. 我只能笑了笑。8.notuntil句型在強調(diào)句和倒裝句中的運用。9.10.“some, other”是常用的固定句型。意為“一些，另一些”。 Some people like Chinese foods, but other people like Western foods.Book1A Unit78一、基本詞匯cultural, send into, represent, include, restore, limit, give in, burn, in ruins, destroy, lie, give up, with the help of, bring back, replace, recreate, come true, damage, solve, stand for, well-known, host, would rather, take part in, rank, weight, weigh, prepare, in preparation for, height, point, skill, gesture, hold, compete, unusual, score, by hand二、詞語、短語歸納1. ..3.notbut不是，而是14.stand for 代表；象征15.in preparation for 為而準(zhǔn)備16.17.18.be based on 以基礎(chǔ)19.have an effect/influence on/upon sb./sth.對有影響20.bring back to life使蘇醒過來；使恢復(fù)生機21.22.suggest doing sth.建議23.congratulate sb. on sth.祝賀某人某事7.28.represent oneself as (to be) 聲稱自己是.29.act up to ones opinion照自己的主張行事；have a good/bad/high/low opinion of sb./sth. = think well/badly of sb./sth.對某人（物）的評價很好（壞、高、低）；express/give ones opinion on sth.表達對某事的意見；30.make sb./oneself/sth. done 使某人/某人自己/某事被.31.be for支持；贊成；主張；stand for代表；代替；象征；32.every other + 單數(shù)名詞“每隔”；every + 一段時間 “每隔”；33.be (well) worth doing sth.很值得做.34.have good/bad effects sb./sth.對產(chǎn)生好的/不好的影響；have/take (an) effect on/upon生效；開始發(fā)生作用；of no effect(作表語)沒有作用；without effect（作狀語）沒有作用；35.encourage sb. to do sth.鼓勵某人做某事；encourage sb. in sth.在方面助長（鼓勵）；36.more than超過；大于；不止；不僅僅；三、基本句型1.asas的句型結(jié)構(gòu).2.where引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句.3.sb. is said to do sth.與It is said that sb.4.“怎么樣？”5.Why dont you do sth.?6.Why do sth.? Why not do sth.?7.主語+prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.8.主語+prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.9.would rather do sth. than do sth.10.11.would rather that 12.Its (not) just like sb. To do sth.某人（不）是樣的人13.suggest引導(dǎo)的句型（注意：虛擬語氣表示的含義是與事實相反的） sb. suggest（建議） + that +sb. (should) do sth.(虛擬語氣，should 可用可不用，但動詞要用原形) sb. suggest(暗示) + that 從句 It is suggested that sb. (should) do sth. (虛擬語氣，should 可用可不用，但動詞要用原形) The suggestion is that sb. (should) do sth. (虛擬語氣，should 可用可不用，但動詞要用原形) Its ones suggestion that sb. (should) do sth. (虛擬語氣，should 可用可不用，但動詞要用原形)14.seem句型 sb./sth. seem + 形容詞/名詞/過去分詞 It seems that = sb. seems to do sth. It seems as if (though) There seems to be15.Where there is, there is“哪里有，哪里就有”。 Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者，事竟成。 Where there is a flower, there is a bee.16.形容詞作伴隨狀語。 Strong, proud and united, the people of St. Petersburg are the modern heroes of Russia. 圣彼得堡的人民堅強、自豪、團結(jié)一致，他們是當(dāng)代的俄羅斯英雄。 She looked at the kind-hearted woman, thankful. 她看了看這位好心的婦人，充滿了感激之情。17.notbut“不是而是” Shakespeare was not a musician but a writer.莎士比亞不是音樂家而是作家. Not you but he is to be punished.不是你而是他該受懲罰。18.morethan“與其說倒不如說”。 Im more disappoited than angry.與其說我生氣，倒不如說我失望。 The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar. 語氣說這本書是一本語法書，倒不如說它是一本詞典。Book1A Unit910一、基本詞匯disagree, depend, press, teenager, add, latest, remind, dare, case, whatever, paticular, negative, interview, wonder, defeat, force, lead, tour, act, measure, adapt, original, devote, common, reduce, amount, material, brief, stay/keep in touch with, call for, in case (of), according to, take over, break down, in danger, die out, as a result, lead to, take measures, adapt to, make a difference, devoteto, at present, set free, in the wild, throw away二、詞語、短語歸納.remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事；remind sb. of sth.提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事；remind sb.about/with sth.提醒某人某事；.9.10.11.seem to do sth. 似乎12.stay in touch with 與保持聯(lián)系13.keep/stay in touch with與保持聯(lián)系14.come up with提出（意見、計劃、方案等）；追上15.16.take measures = take steps 采取措施17.take turns輪流18.19.be responsible for對負責(zé)20.21.in case (of)以防；如果；萬一；in no case決不、無論如何不；in any case在任何情況下；in this/that case在這/那種情況下；22.die out滅絕；die from表示死于（槍、刀）傷、虛弱、勞累、飲食過度等；die of表示死于疾病、饑餓、寒冷、年老、憂愁、失戀等精神因素；die down熄滅、平息；die off相繼死去；die away消逝、靜下來；23.break down出事故、中止、崩潰、（汽車）拋錨、（物理變化）分解；break away from突然掙脫/逃脫、脫離；break into強行進入、破門而入；break in打斷、插嘴；break off突然停止、折斷；break through突破；break up分解、拆碎、拆散；break out突然爆發(fā) 24.25.have no idea不知道；it depends視情況而定；generally speaking一般來說26.take turns (at) doing sth.輪流做某事；by turns輪流地；in turns依次地；at every turn到處；take a turn發(fā)生轉(zhuǎn)變/轉(zhuǎn)折；27.devote oneself/sth. to sth./sb. = give up (oneself/ones time/ones energy) to sth./sb.奉獻（自己、時間、精力等）；三、基本句型1.am/is/are/were/was being + 過去分詞.(進行時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)) Words and images are being sent throughout the world.2. whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句（即主語從句、表語從句、賓語從句、同位語從句），也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句；引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時，whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever可換成no matter what/which/who/whom等. Doctor Godwin says that no matter what forceful argument against cigarette harm there are, many people insist on smoking. Godwin大夫說無論有什么強有力的有關(guān)香煙的論證，許多人仍然抽煙wherever, whenever, however只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，可以換成no matter where/when/howThe answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.however “無論多么”；“然而”3.not onlybut also不但，而且 The cellphone is not only a useful tool but also a way to have fun and be cool.4.這是there be 句型的將來時態(tài). Without air, water and energy there would be no living things.5. John may phone tonight. I dont want to go out in case he phones.(NMET2000北京、安徽春考卷) In case he arrives before I get back, ask him to wait. I shall stay in the hotel all day in case there is news of the missing boy.(NMET2000上海春考卷) I dont think Ill need any money but Ill bring some in case.(NMET2000)6. In no case should we prevent the students from exploring new ideas.7.sb./sth. + make/think/feel/consider/find + it +形容詞/名詞+ to do sth.8. There is a little girl sleeping in the bedroom. There are few areas left where pandas can live.9.10. He hasnt slept at all for three days, (it is) no wonder he is tired out. 他已經(jīng)三天沒睡覺了，難怪她這么疲憊不堪。11.12.upon/on + “一就.” Upon the death of the little son, the noble family had died out. 小兒子一死，這家豪門就絕后了。13.spend、take、cost的用法：sb. spend + 多少時間（錢）+ on sth. “某人在某物上花費了多少時間（錢）” He spends an hour on English every day.他每天花一個小時學(xué)習(xí)英語。 sb. spend + 多少時間（錢）+ (in) doing sth. “某人做某事花費了多少時間（錢）” He often spends his spare time (in) improving his teaching method. 他常在業(yè)余時間改進教學(xué)方法。 It takes/took/have taken/will take sb. + 多少時間（錢）+ to do sth.“做某事花去某人” It took them ten years to finish the project.他們花了十年時間才完成哪項工程。 sb. takes/took/have taken/will take + 多少時間（錢）+ to do sth.“做某事花去某人” I took ten days to finish my essay.我花了十天完成我的論文。 Doing sth. takes/took/have taken/will take sb.+ 多少時間（錢）+ to do sth.“做某事花去某人” Watching TV often takes him much time.看電視常?；ㄙM他很多時間。 Sth. cost + sb. + 多少時間（錢）“某物花費某人多少時間（錢）” The beautiful coat cost me $50.這件漂亮的外衣花去了我$50.14.主語+ make/think/feel/find/consider + it + 形容詞/名詞+ （for sb.）to do sth. 在這個句型中，it作形式賓語，it后的形容詞/名詞作賓語補足語，to do sth.才是真正的賓語。 Some students think it very difficult to study English.有些學(xué)生認為學(xué)習(xí)英語很困難。 Leifeng felt it his duty to help others.雷鋒認為幫助別人是他的職責(zé)。15.do with(處理，安排，解決)與疑問詞what連用，deal with(處理，安排，解決)與疑問詞how連用。 What have you done with the books?你是怎樣處理這些書的？ How did you deal with the books? 你是怎樣處理這些書的？Book1A Unit1112一、基本詞匯suggestion, perform, characteristic, contain, spread, variety, folk, universal, record, satisfy, desire, emotion, intelligence, habit, shoulder, treat, trick, power, series, stupid whisper, announcement, character, in common, turn into, a series of, in trouble, come across, turn around, believe in二、詞語、短語歸納..2.13.make fun of取笑某人14.dance to the music隨音樂起舞15.come across偶然遇到/發(fā)現(xiàn)16.put sb. to trouble給惹麻煩17.along with與一道18.have sth. in mind想到；考慮到19.be similar to sth. in sth.在方面與相似20.be on the point of doing sth.正要做某事21.open ones ears to專心聽22.satisfied adj.滿意的；滿足的；satisfying adj.令人感到滿意的；satisfaction n.滿足（不可數(shù)）；樂事（可數(shù)）；be satisfied with對感到滿意；to ones satisfaction(=to the satisfaction of sb.)使某人感到滿意的是；with satisfaction滿意地；satisfy/meet ones need滿足某人的需求；23.spread oneself 舒展四肢；spread out張開；伸開；spread over遍布在；覆蓋在；24.treat as把當(dāng)作；treat sb./oneself to請某人；be under treatment在治療中；treat sb. for診治（過程）；cure sb. of治愈疾病（結(jié)果）；25.have sb in mind心里想著某人；have sth in mind心里想著某事；have sth on ones mind有心事；三、基本句型1. Here is a brief look at some of the exciting musical styles from around the world. Here comes the bus.2.if only + 句子（虛擬語氣,與事實相反）要是就好了.與現(xiàn)在事實相反時，用 If only sb. did/were sth.I