Unit 1 grammer(主謂一致).ppt

Unit1 Womenofachievement Discoveringusefulstructures Subject VerbAgreement 主謂一致 主謂一致 指主語和謂語動詞之間在 人稱 和 數(shù) 方面的一致關(guān)系 1 語法一致2 意義一致3 就近原則 主語是單數(shù)形式 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式 主語是復數(shù)形式 謂語動詞也用復數(shù)形式 Tomveryclever Twogirlsstandingonthecorner Therenomilkinthebottle 語法一致 is are is Theworkerandwriter be fromWuhan Theworkerandthewriter be fromBeijing is are 1 當主語由and連結(jié)時 如果表示同一人或同一物時 謂語動詞用單數(shù) 此時and后面的名詞無冠詞 如果表示不同的人或物時 謂語動詞用復數(shù) 此時and后面的名詞有冠詞 Thesingeranddancer onthestage is Goingoutforawalkaftersupperagoodhabit 晚飯后出去散步是一個好習慣 Toseetobelieve 眼見為實 Whetherwe llgoontheweather 我們是否去要取決于天氣的好壞 2 動詞不定式 短語 動名詞 短語 或從句作主語時 謂語動詞常用單數(shù) is is depends Something has have gonewrongwithmywatch Anybodywho break breaks therulewillbepunished 3 不定代詞 somebody someone something anyone anybody anything everybody everyone everything nobody noone nothing each theother等作主語 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式 has breaks Twopictures onthewall whichattractmanypeople Onthewall twopictures whichattractmanypeople Theirteacher amongthestudents whoisinherthirties Amongthestudents theirteacher whoisinherthirties 4 倒裝句中的語法一致 are are stands stands 5 由分數(shù)或百分數(shù) 名詞作主語時 謂語動詞的形式與of后面的名詞的數(shù)一致 即分數(shù)或百分數(shù) of 不可數(shù)名詞或單數(shù)名詞 謂語動詞用單數(shù) 分數(shù)或百分數(shù) of 復數(shù)名詞 謂語動詞用復數(shù) Tenpercentofthepupils absenttoday Three fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth sea are is 即主語形式上為單數(shù) 但意義為復數(shù) 因此謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式 主語形式上為復數(shù) 但表示單數(shù)意義 這時謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式 意義一致 1 由集體名詞 如group family class government team enemy crowd audience club party crew等作主語時 如果看成一個整體 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式 如果看成其中各成員 則用復數(shù)形式 Hisfamilyverylarge 他家是一個大家庭 Hisfamilymusiclovers 他的家人都是音樂愛好者 is are Thegroup madeupofninestudents Thegroup dancinghappily is are Theteam somegoodplayers have Theteam handsome be has are 注意 集體名詞people police cattle等在任何情況下謂語動詞都用復數(shù)形式 Thepolice is are searchingforthethief are 2 代詞作主語 Neitherofthemtheanswer 1 neither none作主語時 謂語動詞既可用單數(shù)也可用復數(shù) Noneofthem watchedthetalkshow has have know knows Noneofthemoneymine is Neitherstatementtrue was All go well All be eagertoreachanagreement Bothoftheinstrumentsnotpreciseones are 2 both a few many several作主語時 謂語動詞通常用復數(shù)形式 goes are 3 all作主語表示人時 謂語動詞用復數(shù) 表示物時 謂語動詞用單數(shù) Twoyears passedsinceIleftNingbo Onemilliondollars agreatsumofmoney 1 Everymeans beentriedsincethen A hasB haveC areD is2 Nonews goodnews is are 3 Maths Physics thesubjectthatIlikemost is are 4 以 s結(jié)尾的名詞本身不表示復數(shù)意義 謂語通常用單數(shù)形式 如news maths physics theUnitedStates works等 has is is is A 3 表示時間 距離 金錢等復數(shù)名詞作主語 表達一個整體概念時 謂語動詞用單數(shù) Tomisoneofthestudentswho goodatplayingfootball Tomistheonlyoneofthestudentswho goodatplayingfootball are is 注意 在 oneof 復數(shù)名詞 關(guān)系代詞 的結(jié)構(gòu)中 定語從句中謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式 但是若前有theonly 將其限定為只有一個時 謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式 5 表示 全體 部分 等意義的詞作主語時的主謂一致1 當主語是most therest時 其謂語一般應(yīng)遵循意義一致的原則 如果of后面的名詞是單數(shù) 則用單數(shù) 如果of后面的名詞表示復數(shù) 則用復數(shù) Therestofthemoneygiventohisson was Therestofthesailorsmissing were 即謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復數(shù)形式 取決于最靠近他的主語 AorBNotAbutBEitherAorBNeitherAnorBNotonlyAbutalsoB Verb There Here VerbAandB 就近原則 Oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity A isB areC amD be 2 Nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm A isB areC amD be B B 3 NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother A isB areC amD be B Practice 4 NeithermywifenorImyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind A isB areC amD be 5 Eithersheoryou goingtovisitBeijing A isB areC amD be B C 6 Morethanoneman diedintheaccident A hasB have7 Morethanfivemen diedintheaccident A hasB have B A Allbutoneherejustnow Alibrarywithfivethousandbooksofferedtothenationasagift is Aworkertogetherwithsomesoldiersabouttohelpus is were 主語 附屬結(jié)構(gòu) 作主語 謂語動詞與主語一致 當主語后面跟有with alongwith togetherwith but except besides inadditionto aswellas including ratherthan等引導的詞組時 其謂語動詞的單 復數(shù)由主語的單 復數(shù)而定 注意 1 One thirdofthecountry coveredwithtreesandthemajorityofthecitizens blackpeople 2011湖南 A is areB is isC are areD are is 高考解析 majority 大多數(shù) 2 Planningsofarahead nosense somanythingswillhavechangedbynextyear 2011全國I A madeB ismakingC makesD hasmade makenosense 沒有意義 3 Listeningtoloudmusicatrockconcertscausedhearinglossinsometeenagers 2010湖南卷 A isB areC hasD have 4 Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe stheonlyoneofthewomenwho eveningdress 2010全國 卷 A wearB wearsC haswornD haveworn NobodybutBettyandMary lateforclassyesterday A wasB wereC hasbeenD havebeen2 Awomanwithsomechildren soon A iscomingB arecomingC hascomeD havecome3 Everything includingtheclothes stolenthatevening A isB wasC areD were A A B Choosethebestanswers 4 Nooneexceptmyparents anythingaboutthis A knowB knowsC isknownD areknown5 Theteacheraswellasthestudents thebookalready A hasreadB havereadC arereadingD isreading6 Allbutone intheaccident A waskilledB werekilledC willbekilledD arekilled A B B 7 Oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity A isB areC amD be8 NeithermywifenorImyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind A isB areC amD be9 NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother A isB areC amD be10 Nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm A isB areC amD be B C B B 11 Theelderlywholosttheirchildreninthewar goodcareofinthevillagenow A hasbeentakenB weretakenC havebeentakenD willbetaken 12 Alibrarywithfivethousandbooks tothenationasagift A isofferedB hasofferedC areofferedD haveoffered13 Whenandwheretobuildthenewfactory yet A isnotdecidedB arenotdecidedC hasnotdecidedD havenotdecided C A A 14 Thenumberofpeopleinvited fifty butanumberofthem absentfordifferentreasons A were wasB was wasC was wereD were were15 E mail aswellastelephones animportantpartindailycommunication A isplayingB haveplayedC areplayingD play16 thelandinthatdistrict coveredwithtreesandgrass A Twofifth isB Twofifth areC Twofi