增詞法與減詞法.ppt

1 AdditioninE CTranslation Lecturer HaoGuangli 2 Objectives Afterlearningthissection studentsshouldbeableto knowWHYadditionshouldbeappliedinE Ctranslation knowunderWhatcircumstancesverbaddition adverbaddition nounadditionshouldbeemployedinE Ctranslation 3 Addition why toconformtothegrammarinChinesetoreproduceclearlyandnaturallytodeepenthecross culturalcommunication 4 I VerbAddition Aswehavementioned EnglishlanguagefeaturesnominalizationwhileChineselanguagelaysmuchemphasisonverbs Hence intheprocessofE Ctranslation muchattentionshouldbepaidtoverbaddition 5 E g Intheevening afterthebanquets theconcertsandthetabletennisexhibitions hewouldworkonthedraftingofthefinalcommunique 晚上在參加宴會 出席音樂會 觀看乒乓球表演之后 他還得起草最后的公告 6 E g 2Therewerenospeeches noforeigndiplomats no ordinaryChinese withpaperflagsandbouquetsofflowers 沒有發(fā)表講話 沒有各國外交官到場 也沒有 普通中國人 揮舞紙旗 花束的場面 7 Ex 1 Butifwecanfindcommongroundtoworktogether thechanceforworldpeaceisimmeasurablyincreased 2 Weshouldacquiredakeensenseofthediversity dynamism andprogressofChinaunderyourpoliciesofreformandopeningtotheoutsideworld 8 3 Inthefinalanalysis theyhavedonealltheseforjustoneobjective thatis thegreatrejuvenationoftheChinesenationandChina snewandgreatercontributiontohumanity 9 KeytoEx 1 但是 如果我們能夠找到進行合作的共同點 那么實現(xiàn)世界和平的機會就將無可估量地大大增加 2 我們強烈感受到你們執(zhí)行的改革和對外開放政策給中國帶來的多樣化 活力和進步 3 歸根到底就是為了一個目標 實現(xiàn)中華民族的偉大復(fù)興 爭取對人類作出新的更大的貢獻 10 II AdverbAddition E g Hewasfascinatedbythepoliticalprocesses thewheelinganddealingofpresidentialpolicies themanipulating releasingandleakingofnews thepublicandprivatetalks 一幕幕政治花招使他看入迷了 總統(tǒng)競選活動中的勾心斗角 爾虞我詐 對新聞消息的幕后操縱 公開發(fā)表和有意透漏 以及公開的和秘密的談話 11 E x 1 Nowandthenhisbootsshone 2 Theylingeredlongoverhisletter 3 Aseagullsawthelightfrommywindowanddarteduptoit 12 III NounAddition InEnglish therearemanycircumstancesunderwhichnounshouldbeaddedintheprocessoftranslation a Addtheimpliednounsafterintransitivenouns b Addnounsafteradjectives c Addnounsafterabstractnouns d Addnounsafterspecificnouns 13 E g 1 Dayafterdayhecametohiswork sweeping scrubbing cleaning 2 Marywashedforalivingafterherhusbanddiedofacutepneumonia 3 Thietypewriterisindeedcheapandfine 4 Heisacomplicatedman moody mercurial withamelancholystreak 14 Addnounsafterabstractnounsorspecificnouns Someabstractnounsderivingfromverboradjectivesusuallydenotemuchmoreabstractmeanings Inordertoexpressclearly somenounsshouldbeadded 15 Forexamples Topersuade persuasionToprepare preparationBackward backwardnessTense tensionArrogant arroganceMadmadness 16 E g 1 Inthesummerof1969 theAdministrationpubliclyurgedaneasingoftensionswithChina E x 1 Measuresmustbetakentoimprovethebackwardnessinthewestdistrict 2 Thekillingofthehostageshasdeepenedthepublic santagonism 17 Addnounsafterspecificnouns E g 1 Hefeltthepatriotrisewithinhisbreast 2 Heallowedthefathertobeoverruledbythejudge anddeclaredhisownsonguilty 18 IV Addingwordsdenotingpluralforms 英語名詞復(fù)數(shù)和漢語復(fù)數(shù)的差異 英語名詞的復(fù)數(shù)通常是通過在名詞后加復(fù)數(shù)詞綴而來的 漢語名詞復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成形式 名詞前加上重疊式的量詞 條條道路 一叢叢白樺樹 種種體制 使用單數(shù)形式 但強調(diào)的是復(fù)數(shù) 每一家公司 各家公司 直接強調(diào)全體 所有公司 19 E g 1 ladiesandgentlemen2 Flowersbloomallovertheyard 3 NewsmenwentflyingofftoMexico 20 Ex 1 Nationshaveutilizeddifferenteconomicresources peoplehavedevelopeddifferentskills 21 2 Anotherfactorbehindtheincreaseinmergeractivityistherecordperformanceofstockmarkets whichhasenabledcompaniestofinancemajoracquisitionsonthestrengthoftheirinflatedshareprices 22 1 不同的國家使用不同的經(jīng)濟資源 不同的人擁