高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)必練教程 句型10.doc

2012年高三高考復(fù)習(xí)必練教程：句型101but once_picked_up,_they tried to bite me.但是它們一被撿起來(lái)，就試圖咬我。 (1)once作為連接詞引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，后面可接現(xiàn)在分詞或過(guò)去分詞。once opened, the museum will be very popular with the citizens.博物館一旦開(kāi)放，肯定會(huì)受到市民的歡迎。(表被動(dòng))once talking with him, youll find him an easygoing man. 一旦與他交談，你就會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)他是一個(gè)隨和的人。(表主動(dòng)) (2)once 引導(dǎo)的從句中，要用一般時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。once you have grasped english, youll be easy to get a wellpaid job.一旦你掌握了英語(yǔ)，你就會(huì)很容易找到一份報(bào)酬很高的工作。(現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來(lái)完成時(shí))once he arrives, we can start.他一到我們就可以開(kāi)始。(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)) 即境活用1(2007福建) you will be successful in the interview _ you have confidence.abeforeboncecuntil dthough答案：b解析：考查狀語(yǔ)從句。once “一旦”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。before“在以前”；until “直到”；though“雖然”。2remember to include one change to your invention in_case it doesnt work the first time.記住對(duì)你的發(fā)明要有變化的余地，以防它第一次不起作用。in case(以防)萬(wàn)一in case 后可接從句，也可置于句末。in case of 要是；在時(shí)候(后接名詞或代詞)in this case 如果這樣的話in that case 如果那樣的話in any case 無(wú)論如何in no case 決不(位于句首，句子應(yīng)使用倒裝語(yǔ)序)take your umbrella in case it rains.拿著你的雨傘以防下雨。in case i forget, please remind me of my promise.如果我忘記了我的諾言，請(qǐng)?zhí)嵝盐摇?in case of fire, open this safety door.一旦發(fā)生火災(zāi)，打開(kāi)這扇安全門。in no case may you leave the baby alone at home.你決不能把孩子一個(gè)人留在家里。 即境活用2(2007北京)leave your key with a neighbor _ you lock yourself out one day.aever since beven ifcsoon after din case答案：d解析：a項(xiàng)意為“自從以來(lái)”，b項(xiàng)意為“即使”，c項(xiàng)意為“不久之后”，d項(xiàng)意為“以防；以免”。句意為“留一把鑰匙給鄰居，以免有一天你把自己鎖在門外”。x8u41its raining heavily now, isnt_it?現(xiàn)在雨下得很大，不是嗎？這是一個(gè)反意疑問(wèn)句，使用反意疑問(wèn)句需注意以下幾點(diǎn)： (1)反意疑問(wèn)句一般結(jié)構(gòu)：“肯定陳述句否定的附加問(wèn)句”和“否定陳述句肯定的附加問(wèn)句”。the clock is slow, isnt it?這鐘慢了，對(duì)不對(duì)？we cant take the book out, can we?這些書(shū)我們不能拿出去，對(duì)吧？ (2)回答這類問(wèn)題時(shí)，答案是肯定的用 yes，否定的用 no。you are not going out today, are you?你今天不出去，是吧？yes, i am. (我今天要出去)no, i am not. (我今天不出去)he wasnt there that day, was he? 他那天不在那兒，是嗎？yes, he was. (他在)no, he wasnt (他不在) (3)如果陳述部分中含有 no, never, hardly, scarcely, seldom 等詞，這部分就算否定，后邊要用肯定的疑問(wèn)尾句。you have no classes tomorrow, have you?你明天沒(méi)課，是吧？you were hardly twelve then, were you?你那時(shí)幾乎不到12歲，是吧？ (4)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為 none, everyone, somecone, no one 等時(shí)，正式語(yǔ)體中常用 he，非正式語(yǔ)體中常用 they。none of the boys can do it, can he?沒(méi)有一個(gè)男孩子能做這件事，不是嗎？everyone enjoyed the party, didnt they? 每個(gè)人都在晚會(huì)上玩得高興，不是嗎？(5)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為 nothing, something, anything, everything 等時(shí)，后面尾句的主語(yǔ)多用 it。 即境活用1i dont think a warm winter always has a negative influence on our life, _？adoes it bdont ichasnt it ddo i答案：a解析：“i think/suppose/believethat 從句”的反意疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)與 that 從句一致。i dont think/suppose/believe that. 屬于否定前移現(xiàn)象，因此其反意疑問(wèn)句用肯定形式。2but they betray themselves every_time they open their mouths. 但他們每次開(kāi)口說(shuō)話就會(huì)露餡。every time 等表示時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)可作為連詞用，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，這類詞語(yǔ)還有：the instant, the moment, directly, the day, the year, next time, the first (second, third.) time 等。youre welcome to come back any time you want to.你想什么時(shí)候回來(lái)，我們都?xì)g迎。he called me the first time he came to nanjing.第一次來(lái)南京時(shí)，他給我打了電話。next time you come, youll see him.下次來(lái)時(shí)，你就會(huì)見(jiàn)到他。 即境活用2do not stop _ you come to a word or a phrase you do not know. afor the first time bbecausecevery time dsince答案：c解析：考查 every time “每一次”引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。2. 反意疑問(wèn)句的用法應(yīng)用2(1)(2009上海卷)sallys never seen a play in the shanghai grand theatre, _？ahasnt she bhas shecisnt she dis she答案：b解析：句中陳述部分是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定句，故反意疑問(wèn)句選b。 (2)(2009遼寧卷)its the first time that he has been to australia, _？aisnt he bhasnt hecisnt it dhasnt it答案：c解析：反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成需依據(jù)主句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)而定。 (3)(2009河北唐山調(diào)研)the women carrying babies, come in first, _？awill you bwill theycdont they ddont you答案：a解析：該句陳述部分是祈使句，其中the women carrying babies為稱呼語(yǔ)，故反意疑問(wèn)句選a。x8u51it is a great pleasure to meet you students from england.我很高興遇見(jiàn)你們這些來(lái)自英國(guó)的學(xué)生pleasure 本來(lái)是抽象名詞，在此句中具體化，意思是“樂(lè)事；快事”。its a pleasure to meet you.認(rèn)識(shí)你是十分高興的事。she has few pleasures left in life.她生活中已沒(méi)有什么樂(lè)趣了。拓展：抽象名詞的具體化是高考的?？键c(diǎn)之一，現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下：(1)表示具有某種特性、狀態(tài)、特點(diǎn)、情感、情緒的人或事，且表示變化了的詞義時(shí)，這類抽象名詞由于已具體化，故可變?yōu)榭蓴?shù)名詞。如：a pleasure 樂(lè)事 a success 成功的人或事a surprise 奇異的事 a failure 失敗的人或事a pity 可惜的事 a must 必要的事a worry 令人擔(dān)憂的事 a wonder 奇跡a great help 有幫助的人或事 a youth 年輕人a danger 危險(xiǎn)的人或物 a beauty 美人 (2)表示抽象的特性、狀態(tài)、思維、行為的一次、一種、一類、一下、一頓等意思時(shí)，?？山M成“a/an抽象名詞”或“a/an形容詞抽象名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。如：have a sleep 睡覺(jué)die a death 死take a great interest 表現(xiàn)極大的興趣 take a look 看get a high opinion 得到很高的評(píng)價(jià)make an apology 道歉have a good time 玩得高興an art 一種藝術(shù)a delicious breakfast (lunch, supper) 可口的早餐(午餐、晚餐)即境活用1she is _ success, _ woman as she is.a/; /ba; ac/; a da; /答案：d解析：考查冠詞。第一空填a，表示“一位成功人士”；第二空 as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，句子需倒裝且名詞前不填冠詞。2we have_been_excavating layers of ash almost six metres thick, which suggests that they might have kept the fire burning all winter.我們一直在挖掘一層層的積灰，幾乎有六米厚，這意味著他們可能整個(gè)冬天都在燒火。 (1)句中的have been doing是現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。完成進(jìn)行時(shí)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式，表示動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，可能還要繼續(xù)下去，通常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：for hours, since this morning等，其構(gòu)成是“have/hasbeen現(xiàn)在分詞”。i have been looking for my lost book for three days, but i still havent found it.我已經(jīng)花了三天的時(shí)間找我丟失的書(shū)，但還沒(méi)有找到?！咀⒁狻楷F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別：二者都可以表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)，區(qū)別在于：前者更強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性，可以說(shuō)是后者的強(qiáng)調(diào)形式。we have been living here for ten years.(強(qiáng)調(diào)還要繼續(xù)住下去)we have lived here for ten years.(不知道是否已經(jīng)結(jié)束)在無(wú)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的情況下，前者表示動(dòng)作仍在進(jìn)行，而后者則表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去已結(jié)束。the students have been preparing for the exam.(還在進(jìn)行)the students have prepared for the exam.(已經(jīng)結(jié)束) (2)句中的suggest含義為“暗示，表明”，后面接從句時(shí)不用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。his pale face suggests he is in bad health.他面色蒼白，說(shuō)明他身體不好。當(dāng)suggest含義為“建議，提出”時(shí)，后面跟從句時(shí)要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣that sb. should do。i suggested to him that we should handle the problem another way.我向他建議我們用另一種方式處理這個(gè)問(wèn)題。the dentist suggested that she (should) come another day.牙醫(yī)建議她改天再來(lái)。 即境活用2(1)the two countries _ to maintain their military equation for many years.atried bwas tryingchave tried dhave been trying答案：d (2)the suggestion that the mayor _ the prizes was accepted by everyone.awould present bpresentcpresents dought to present答案：b3abruptly she sat down, only_to_be_scooped_up by her laughing, shouting sister, luna.她突然坐下，結(jié)果被她又笑又嚷的妹妹魯娜抱了起來(lái)。only to be scooped up by her laughing, shouting sister, luna是不定式做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，多表示意料之外的結(jié)果。he hurried to the station only to find that the train had left. 他匆匆忙忙地趕到車站，結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)火車已經(jīng)開(kāi)走了。提示：ing 形式做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)多表示由于前邊的動(dòng)作自然而然地導(dǎo)致后邊的結(jié)果。如：they can eat a person in two minutes, leaving only bones. 它們可以在兩分鐘之內(nèi)把一個(gè)人吃光，只剩骨頭。european football is played in more than 80 countries, making it the most popular sport.有80多個(gè)國(guó)家踢歐式足球，這使得它成為最流行的運(yùn)動(dòng)。 即境活用3the news reporters hurried to the airport, only _ the film stars had left.ato tell bto be toldctelling dtold答案：b解析：onlyto do 常做結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，故排除c、d兩項(xiàng)。根據(jù)句意可知是“別人告訴記者”，the news reporters 做主語(yǔ)，需用被動(dòng)式。3. 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)應(yīng)用3(1)im sure andrew will win the first prize in the final.i think so. he _ for it for months.ais preparing bwas preparingchad been prepared dhas been preparing答案：d解析：從語(yǔ)境可知 prepare 這一動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到說(shuō)話時(shí)。故用 have been doing。 (2)she ought to stop working. she has a headache because she _ all day long.ahas been reading bhad readcis reading dr