不定代詞詳解和練習(xí).doc

不定代詞講解與練習(xí)some和any 既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞又可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞，some常用在肯定句中，而any則常用在否定和疑問句中。 -Do you have any friends at school? 你在學(xué)校有些朋友嗎? -I have some English books. 我有幾本英語書。 1. 但在表示建議，反問，請求的疑問句中，或期望得到肯定回答時(shí)，多用some而不用any。如： Would you like some coffee? 你要不要來點(diǎn)咖啡? What about some fruit juice? 來點(diǎn)水果汁如何? 2. 當(dāng)any作“任何”的講時(shí)，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用時(shí)，它可以用在肯定句中； Any student can answer this question.任何學(xué)生都可以回答這個(gè)問題。 3. some還可以作“某個(gè)”講，比如some day 某一天不定代詞是由some-，any-，no-，every-加上-one，-body，-thing等組成。包括 something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等。它們具有名詞性質(zhì)，可以獨(dú)立使用，也可以用于形容詞前。1、復(fù)合不定代詞都具有單數(shù)的含義，因此通常被看成是單數(shù)第三人稱。當(dāng)它們充當(dāng)句子的主語時(shí)，其后的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。如：Is everyone here today? 今天，大家都到齊了嗎？Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. 世上無難事，只怕有心人。2、含-one和-body等指人的復(fù)合代詞可有-s屬格形式。如：Everybodys business is nobodys business.大家的事情沒人管。Is this anybodys seat? 這兒有人坐嗎？3含-one和-body等指人的復(fù)合代詞后跟else時(shí)，-s屬格應(yīng)加在else之后。如：Can you remember someone elses name? 你還記得其他人的姓名嗎？4、含-thing等指事物的復(fù)合不定代詞沒有-s屬格形式。5復(fù)合不定代詞的定語必須后置，即放在復(fù)合不定代詞的后面。如：Can you tell something interesting? 你能講些有趣的事情嗎6 .no one（=nobody）“沒有人”，只用來指人，通常不和介詞of連用；none“沒有一個(gè)”，既可以用來指人也可用來指物。例如：No one can do it better. 沒有人能做得更好。None of these questions is easy, and none of us can even answer any one of them.這些問題沒有一個(gè)是容易的，我們中沒有一個(gè)人能答出其中的一題?；卮饂ho引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)用no one；回答how many引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時(shí)用none。例如：-Who was late ? -No one. -誰遲到了？-誰也沒有遲到。-How many pigs do you keep? -None. -你養(yǎng)幾頭豬？-一頭也沒養(yǎng)。7. neither是全部否定，兩者中任何一個(gè)都不。做主語時(shí)，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。either是兩者選其中之一，兩者中有一個(gè)。做主語是，動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)注：由some-和any-所構(gòu)成的不定代詞（即something和anything；someone和anyone；somebody和anybody）之間的區(qū)別跟some和any的區(qū)別一樣?！緊ther 可以做形容詞，表示其他的，比如other people其他的人。 也可以做代詞，但是做代詞時(shí)一般不以原形出現(xiàn)，一般用以the other或者以復(fù)數(shù)形式“others”出現(xiàn)。 others 和some對比使用時(shí), 是“有些”的意思而不是做“其他”講, 如:Some cleaned the windows, others mopped the floor. 有的擦窗戶, 有的擦地板。 the others 是“其余的”意思, 表示在一個(gè)范圍內(nèi)的其他全部, 如: This dictionary is better than the others. 這本字典比別其余的好。 the other 是其中的“另一個(gè)”, 如:Give me the other one; not this one. 給我那一個(gè), 不是這一個(gè)。 兩個(gè)中的“另一個(gè)”是“the other”; 不定數(shù)目中的“另一個(gè)”是“another” , 如:This glass is broken. Get me another. 這個(gè)杯子壞了, 給我另拿一個(gè)來。(在許多杯子中的一個(gè))】一、選用適當(dāng)?shù)牟欢ù~填空（二）：A. another, other, others, the other, the others1. I only found Jim and Tom there. Where are_?2.Of these three girls one comes from China and_two come from Japan. 3.This sweater is a little too big for me. Can I try on(試穿) ?4.Some like black tea,_prefer(偏愛) green tea.5.I dont like these colors. Show me some_ , please.6.Have you any_books on this subject?7. Saying is one thing and doing is_.8. It is always hard to tell the twins one from_.B.neither, none, either1.I know_of the two students.3.He doesnt agree with_of his parents on many things.D.one, the one, ones, ones1.These shirts are too small. I want to have some bigger_.2.Which boy is your son?_in a red cap.3._has to do_best.4.I have only one small flower on my desk and she has three big_.二、選擇填空： 1.I dont think I can walk any further. _. Lets stop here for a rest. A.Neither am I B.Neither can I C.I dont think so D.I think so 2.Mary is fond of singing, but she never shows any interest in painting. _. A.So it is with Jane B.So is it with Jane C.So does Jane D.So is Jane 3.I have never been there. _he. A.Neither have B.Nor has C.So have D.So has 4.He has been to Beijing. _I. A.So can B.Neither can C.Nor can D.So have 5.Mike was born in New York and spent his childhood there. _. A.So was Bob B.So did Bob C.So it was with Bob D.So Bob was 6.How many bananas do you have in your basket? _.A. NeitherB. No oneC. Nothing D. None8.Her parents _ school teachers.A. all areB. are all C. are bothD. both are15. All the students have gone o n a field trip. Theres _ in the classroom. A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody16. You can borrow my CD player, but you mustnt lend it to _. A. others B. other C. the other D. the others17. Im free. I have _ to do. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing18. I have four friends, _ of them are workers. A. both B. all C. many D. each19. They were always together. He saw _ she saw. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing20. John likes walking in the open air. _. A. So do I B. Also do I C. I like also D. So I do 21. I watched the TV programme last night. _. A. So I do B. So I did C. So did I D. So do I22. She likes Chinese tea with nothing in it. _. A. So she does B. So does she C. She does so D. So is it23. Do you think it will be cool tomorrow? _. It has been too hot for a week.A. I hope so B. Im afraid so C. So it is D. Of course not24. Your sister works very hard, and _.A. so you are B. so you do C. so are you D. so do you三、用some、any填空。1. There isnt _ water in the bottle. 2. Do you have _ English books? No, I dont have _. 3. There are _ people in the room. 4. Could you give me _ paper, please? 5. If there is _ meat, I will buy _. 6. I will come to see you _ day. 7. Li Ming is more careful than _ other boy in the class. 8. Would you like _ pop, please? 四、no one、none、nobody、nothing填空。1. -Who is in the room? -_. 2. -How much meat is there on the plate? -_.3. _ of us can speak French. 4. _ knows what they fought about. 5. -Can you see anybody in the room? -No, I can see _. 6. -Do you know how many dictionaries they have already bought? Yes, I do. They have bought _. 7. What did you see in the box yesterday? I saw _. 8. Have you all finished the homework? No, _ has finished it yet. 五、 用something, somebody; anything, anybody; nothing, nobody; everything, everybody填空。1. There is _ wrong with his computer. 2. I hope _ goes well. 3. Do you know _ about the US? No, I know _ about it. 4. Since _ is here, lets begin our meeting. 5. I cant say _ about him. I am afraid of him. 6. _ is in the room. So you cant hear any voice. 7. _ except Li Ping went to the park. He was ill