服裝專業(yè)外語 (2).doc

服裝英語（第三版） Chapter 1Part A An Evolution of Fashion（時(shí)裝業(yè)的演變） The world of fashion began with individual couturiers and evolved, as a result of the Industrial Revolution, into a mass-market industry. evolution 英 ,i:v lu:n 美 , vlu:n n.演變; 進(jìn)化; 發(fā)展individual 英 ,individjul 美 ,ind vidul adj. 1.個(gè)別的, 單獨(dú)的, 個(gè)人的；個(gè)體的couturier 英 ku:turi n.女裁縫師,女裝設(shè)計(jì)師，女式時(shí)裝店couture 英 kutju:美kutur n. 1.高級(jí)時(shí)裝業(yè)2.女裝設(shè)計(jì)evolved 英 ivlvd 1. 進(jìn)化了的 2. 進(jìn)化演變 3. 發(fā)展，展開，使逐漸形成as a result of 由于Industrial Revolution 工業(yè)革命mass-market 大規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)（市場(chǎng)）industry n 產(chǎn)業(yè)、工業(yè)（時(shí)裝業(yè)最初起源于個(gè)體高級(jí)時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)師，后來由于工業(yè)革命，發(fā)展成現(xiàn)在的大規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)的產(chǎn)業(yè)。）By studying this evolution, we become better equipped to understand the organization of the fashion industry and the directions in which it is moving.become better equipped to 更好地direction 英 direkn n.方向, 趨向, 趨勢(shì), 動(dòng)向（通過研究這種演變，我們可以更好地認(rèn)識(shí)時(shí)裝業(yè)的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)及其發(fā)展趨勢(shì)。）The Beginning of Couture（高級(jí)時(shí)裝業(yè)的開始）Although the history until the late 1700s that of fashion may be traced back hundreds of years, it was not individuality of design began to emerge. Styles were set by royalty and carried out by the dressmakers who served them. Only the upper class could afford what was fashionable and finely produced. The poor made their own clothing or wore the cast-offs of the rich. traced back 被追溯individuality 英 ,ind,vidu:liti: n個(gè)性, 個(gè)人特征, 特質(zhì)emerge 英 im:d n.出現(xiàn); 顯出; 暴露royalty 英 rilti n.王族(成員)、皇室dressmaker 裁縫afford 英 f:d vt.買得起, 擔(dān)負(fù)得起old cast-offs 廢棄的舊衣物 wore wear的過去式，穿、戴 By the end of the 18th century, one name had emerged in fashion design - RoseBentin. Initially a milliners apprentice, she became Frances premier designer.As a result of the recognition she received from the Princess de Conti, Benin was appointed court milliner in 1772. In that position, she was introduced to Marie Antoinette. She soon became the queens confidante as well as her official designer. Initially 英 inili adv. 最初，開始milliner 英 milin n. 女帽商apprentice 英 prentis n.學(xué)徒, 徒弟premier 英 premi adj. 1.最好的, 最重要的2.首要的，首位的；最前的；第一的recognition 英 ,reknin n. 1.認(rèn)識(shí); 認(rèn)出; 識(shí)別; 承認(rèn); 認(rèn)可2.酬謝, 酬勞3.贊譽(yù)；賞識(shí)；獎(jiǎng)賞princess 英 prinses n. 公主 王妃confidante 英 ,knfidnt n.知己的女友 （到了18世紀(jì)末,在時(shí)裝設(shè)計(jì)界出現(xiàn)一個(gè)名字羅斯本廷）（她由最初的一個(gè)女帽商的學(xué)徒,成為了法國(guó)最好的服裝設(shè)計(jì)師。）（由于受到公主德孔蒂的賞識(shí), 本廷在1772年被任命為宮廷【皇家】女帽商） （在那個(gè)職位上,她被介紹給女王瑪麗安托瓦內(nèi)特。） （她很快就成了女王的紅顏知己以及她的官方設(shè)計(jì)師。） Eventually, Bertinbecame Minister of Fashion for the French court. As her reputation grew, she was commissioned to design hats and dresses for the aristocracy. Her fame spread to othercountries, and she soon started to export her merchandise. eventually 英 iventjuli adv 最后、終于minister 英 minist n. 部長(zhǎng)、大臣reputation 英 ,repjutein n.名氣, 名聲, 名譽(yù)grew 英 ru: grow的過去式commission 英 kmin vt. 委任, 委托aristocracy 英 ，ristkrsi: 貴族fame 英 feim n. 名聲, 名望merchandise 英 m:tndaiz 經(jīng)營(yíng)、買賣、商品 （最終,Bertin成為法國(guó)宮廷的服裝設(shè)計(jì)總監(jiān)【服裝大臣】。） （她開始出名了,她被委托為貴族設(shè)計(jì)帽子和服裝。）（她的名聲傳播到其他國(guó)家,她很快就開始出口貿(mào)易。 Garments for the wealthy class were elaborately tailored and trimmed. Each piece was hand sewn, embroidered, jeweled, and embellished to perfection. elaborately 英 ilbreitli adv 苦心經(jīng)營(yíng)、精心地tailored 英 teild adj. 1.剪裁講究的2.訂做的；合身的 3.特制的；專門的trimmed 英 trimd adj 修剪sewn 英 sn sew的過去分詞 縫紉embroidered 英 embrid 繡花;刺繡jeweled 英 du:ld adj 飾有寶石的embellish 英 embeli 美化;裝飾;修飾;潤(rùn)色perfection英音：pfekn美音：pfkn完美;盡善盡美（對(duì)于貴族階級(jí)，服裝都是精心制作的。） （每一個(gè)衣片都是手工縫制、繡花、鑲嵌寶石,并且精美裝飾。） Aside from Bertin, the names of the dressmakers to the royal families and the aristocracy were generally unknown. Those who employed them jealously guarded their identities to avoid losing them to other families. 1 Aside from 除了jealously delsli adv 1.妒忌的, 猜疑的2.妒羨的; 羨慕的3.精心守護(hù)的, 珍惜的identity 英 aidentiti n. 1.身份2.個(gè)性, 特性3.同一性, 一致性 （除了Bertin，受雇于皇室和貴族的裁縫們的名字通常是未知的。）（那些裁縫的雇主們對(duì)他們的身份嚴(yán)格保密，唯恐別家把他們挖走。） During the early 19th century, the opulent designs that dominated the wardrobes of the rich began to disappear; less elaborate dress became the order of the day. It was not until after 1845, when the Englishman Charles Frederick Worth emigrated to Paris, that the world would come to know another designer. In Paris, he first worked for a fabric dealer, whom he convinced to open a dress department. opulent 英 pjlnt adj. 1.富裕的,豪華的dominate 英 dmineitid vt.&vi.1.控制,支配,統(tǒng)治,左右,影響2.在中占首要地位wardrobe 英 w:drub n. 1.衣柜, 衣櫥；英放置衣物的壁櫥the order of 頭等大事，最重要的事emigrated 英 emireitd 移民到國(guó)外dealer 英 di:l 商人convince 英 knvins vt. 1.使相信;使明白，使確信2.說服，勸說（某人做某事） （在19世紀(jì)初, 曾經(jīng)在富人衣柜中占首要地位的豪華設(shè)計(jì)逐漸消失；而相對(duì)簡(jiǎn)單的女裝開始大行其道。） （直到1845年后,英國(guó)人查爾斯弗雷德里克沃斯移居巴黎，世界才了解到另一個(gè)設(shè)計(jì)師。） （在巴黎,他先為一個(gè)面料商人工作,他說服面料商人開了一家服裝店。） In 1858, Worth was the first to open a couture house on Rue de la Paix. Along with a list of private clients in Europe and America, he was court dressmaker to Empress Eugenie of France. His success would soon motivate others to establish their own couture businesses.couture 英 kutju:r n. 1.服裝設(shè)計(jì)(師)或其服裝店Rue de la Paix 和平路、和平街Along with 隨著a list of private clients private 英 praivit client 英 klaint客戶秘密名單court adj. 1.宮廷的Dressmaker n (女裝)裁縫Empress Eugenie of France 法國(guó)女皇尤金妮婭motivate 英 mutiveit 激發(fā)、激勵(lì)establish 英 istbli 建立、成立 （1858年,沃斯是第一次在和平街開了一家服裝設(shè)計(jì)店。） （除了擁有在歐洲和美國(guó)的客戶秘密名單外,他還是法國(guó)女皇尤金妮婭的宮廷裁縫。） （他的成功,很快就會(huì)激勵(lì)他人建立自己的服裝企業(yè)。） Fed by the magnificent textiles and trimmings of nearby Lyon, it was natural for Paris to establish itself as the worlds leading center for couture.magnificent 英 mnifisnt adj. 1.壯麗的; 宏偉的; 值得贊揚(yáng)的textiles 紡織品trimmings 飾品 輔料nearby 附近的 （由附近的里昂提供上好的紡織品面料和輔料，巴黎自然成為世界服裝設(shè)計(jì)中心。）The Industrial Revolution（工業(yè)革命） Until about 1770, people worked in much the same manner as did their ancestors. Products were slowly made by hand. Cloth was hand woven, and a cobbler still used only a hammer, knife and awl to make a shoe over a last or form. 2industrial 英 indstril adj. 工業(yè)的, 產(chǎn)業(yè)的ancestor 英 nsist n. 祖先, 祖宗woven weave的過去分詞)cobbler 英 kbl n. 修鞋匠hammer 英 hm 錘子、榔頭awl 英 :l 錐子dress form 服裝模特、人臺(tái) （直到1770年,人們?nèi)匀灰耘c他們祖先相同的方式進(jìn)行工作。產(chǎn)品是由手工慢慢制作出來的。） （當(dāng)時(shí)，布都是手工織的，鞋匠還在利用錘子、刀具和錐子在鞋楦上制鞋。） During this time, the Western world witnessed the growth of the middle class, which prospered from new avenues of trade and industry, and spent money on such luxuries as fine clothing. As the middle class grew in importance, its members created new fashion directions. The business suit, for example, became an important element in a mans wardrobe. Before long, fine tailor shops were opened in Londons Savile Row to provide this new business attire. witness 英 witnis vt 見證prosper 英 prsp vi 成功; 興旺; 繁榮; 發(fā)達(dá)avenue 英 vinju: n. 1.林陰道（尤指通往大住宅者）, 大街2.途徑, 手段luxury 英 lkri 奢侈品grew in 增加element 英 elimnt 成分, 要素, 原件, 基本部份, 典型部份tailor 英 teil =dessmaker 裁縫attire 英 tai 服裝= garment ; apparel ; clothing ; dress （這一時(shí)期，中產(chǎn)階級(jí)在西方世界興起，他們通過做生意和辦企業(yè)發(fā)家致富，并且愿意花錢買高級(jí)服裝。） （由于中產(chǎn)階層重要性的增長(zhǎng),其成員創(chuàng)造了新的時(shí)尚的方向。） （例如,西裝外套在男人的衣柜里成為了重要的服裝。）（不久,好的裁縫店都在倫敦的薩維爾街開設(shè)，為中產(chǎn)階級(jí)提供這種新的商業(yè)著裝。） Changes, however, were taking place in the methods of production. In large part, they could be attributed to the growth of the textile industry, which was revolutionized by a series of timesaving inventions (Table. 1). 3 （然而產(chǎn)品的生產(chǎn)方式發(fā)生了變化，主要原因是一系列省時(shí)的發(fā)明給紡織業(yè)帶來了革命性的變化，推動(dòng)了紡織業(yè)的發(fā)展。）In 1733, John Kay received a patent for his flying shuttle, which resulted in the manufacture of a loom that produced materials more rapidly. （1733年,約翰凱獲得梭子織機(jī)的專利權(quán),這項(xiàng)專利使得加工紡織材料的織機(jī)的生產(chǎn)更迅速。）Similarly, spinning was a slow process until1764, when James Hargreaves, a British spinner, invented the spinning jenny. （同樣的,紡紗也是一個(gè)緩慢的發(fā)展過程, 直到1764，英國(guó)紡紗工詹姆士哈格里夫斯發(fā)明了多軸紡織機(jī)。He placed eight spindles on a frame, which could be turned by a single wheel. （他在一個(gè)機(jī)架上放8個(gè)紗錠，由一個(gè)輪子帶動(dòng)。） As a result, one spinner could simultaneously produce eight threads instead of producing one thread at a time. 4 （結(jié)果，一個(gè)紡紗工可以一次生產(chǎn)8根紗線，而不是一次一根。）Hargreaves later created a machine that could spin 16 threads at a time. （哈格里夫斯之后又發(fā)明了一次生產(chǎn)16根紗線的紡紗機(jī)。）Ultimately, even a child could run the machine and turn out work that had previously required 100 spinners. （最后,連小孩子也能開動(dòng)這臺(tái)機(jī)器，并完成曾經(jīng)需要100個(gè)紡紗工的工作。）Then, in 1785, Edmund Cartwright invented the power loom, which wove cloth so rapidly that the handloom was quickly reserved for limited runs of special fabrics.（然后,在1785年,埃德蒙卡特萊特發(fā)明了動(dòng)力織布機(jī),動(dòng)力織布機(jī)織布速度之快，以至于手動(dòng)織機(jī)很快就被淘汰，僅用于特殊面料的織造。） l Table 1.1 Inventions of the Industrial Revolution that Changed Fashionl YearInventor發(fā)明者Invention發(fā)明l 1733 John Kay - Flying shuttle 梭子織機(jī)tl l 1764James Hargreaves - Spinning jenny多軸紡織機(jī) spini deni 1. 1785 Edmund Cartwright - Power loom 動(dòng)力織布機(jī) lu:m l 1793 Eli Whitney - Cotton gin 軋棉機(jī),軋花機(jī) ginl 1846 Elias Howe, Jr. - Sewing machine 縫紉機(jī) sil be attributed to 歸功于 attribute 英 tribju:tl taking place in 發(fā)生l patent 英 peitnt 專利, 專利權(quán)l(xiāng) Flying shuttle 梭子織機(jī)tll spinner 英 spin 紡紗工l Spinning jenny多軸紡織機(jī) spini denil simultaneously 英 samlteinisli .同時(shí)地previously 英 pri:vjsl 以前 The increased speed of the spinning machine resulted in demands for large supplies of cotton fiber. This problem was solved by an American, Eli Whitney. In1793, he invented the cotton gin, which separated the cotton seed from the fiber so quickly and expertly that one man was able to turn out the work that once required 300men. turn out vt. 翻轉(zhuǎn)，生產(chǎn)，關(guān)閉，出動(dòng)，證明是separated. From 把.從分離expertly 英 eksptli adv. 熟練地;巧妙地 （9）（紡紗機(jī)速度的增加導(dǎo)致對(duì)棉纖維的大量的需求。）（這個(gè)問題被一個(gè)美國(guó)人以利惠特尼解決。1793,他發(fā)明了軋棉機(jī),它可以把棉籽從纖維迅速和熟練地分離,一個(gè)人就能夠完成曾經(jīng)需要300個(gè)人的工作。）（10）Because of the competitive advantage these inventions gave to manufacturers, England was very protective of its discoveries, and forbade the emigration of textile workers and the exportation of its textile machines. （由于這些發(fā)明使得英國(guó)的生產(chǎn)商具有很大的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)優(yōu)勢(shì)，因此英國(guó)政府積極保護(hù)這些發(fā)明，禁止紡織工人移民他國(guó)和紡織機(jī)械的出口。）（11）Some workers, however, memorized the details of each machines construction. （但是,有些工人記住了每臺(tái)機(jī)器的構(gòu)造細(xì)節(jié)。）（12）These workers left England in disguise and were able to reproduce the machines in other countries. （這些工人假裝離開英格蘭,能夠在其他國(guó)家復(fù)制機(jī)器。） （13）For example, Samuel Slater left England after learning the construction details for many textile machines. （例如,塞繆爾斯萊特在掌握了許多紡織機(jī)器的構(gòu)造結(jié)構(gòu)后離開了英國(guó)。）competitive 英 kmpetitiv adj.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的, 比賽的protective 英 prtektiv adj.保護(hù)的, 防護(hù)的forbade 英 fbd,fbeid forbid的過去式 fbid vt 禁止emigration 英 ,emigrei n n.移居外國(guó)；遷移出境（14） He opened a spinning mill in Rhode Island in 1790, where he introduced the factory system to the United States. （1790年，他在羅德島開了一個(gè)紡紗廠,在那里他把紡紗工廠系統(tǒng)引入了美國(guó)。）（15）During the Civil War, the demand for fabrics to manufacture uniforms helped the growth of US mills, most of which were in New England. （在美國(guó)內(nèi)戰(zhàn)期間,由于用于制作制服的面料需求使得美國(guó)紡織工廠得到發(fā)展,其中大多數(shù)工廠在新英格蘭。）（16）By the end of the war, the mills were capable of mass-producing textiles.（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)束的時(shí)候,這些紡織廠已經(jīng)能夠大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)紡織品了。）（17）Fashion was now on the way to becoming a major industry in the United States, but one more step was necessary.（現(xiàn)在在美國(guó)時(shí)裝以這種方式成為一個(gè)主要的工業(yè),但是另外一個(gè)歷程也是必要的。） exportation 英 ,eksp:tein n.出口memorize 英 memraiz vt.記住, 熟記,記憶disguise 英 disaiz 假裝uniform 英 ju:nif:m n. 制服, 校服 adj. 相同的, 清一色的, 一致的, 統(tǒng)一的（18）Although fabrics were being produced faster than ever before, it was not until the development of the first sewing machine that the world would be treated to a new generation of fashion.（盡管生產(chǎn)面料的速度比以往更快,但是直到發(fā)明了第一臺(tái)縫紉機(jī),世界才進(jìn)入時(shí)裝的新時(shí)代。）（19）Although Walter Hunt invented a sewing machine in 1832, he did not apply for a patent until 1854, when it was denied on the grounds of abandonment. （雖然1832年沃爾特亨特發(fā)明了第一臺(tái)縫紉機(jī),但是由于在1854年以前他沒有申請(qǐng)專利,所以這是他被拒絕承認(rèn)是縫紉機(jī)發(fā)明者的原因。）（20）On September 10, 1846, however, Elias Howe, Jr. did receive a patent for his sewing machine. （然而,1846年9月10日,以利亞 豪 JR確實(shí)收到了他的縫紉機(jī)專利權(quán)。）As a result, he is generally regarded as its inventor. （結(jié)果,他通常被認(rèn)為是縫紉機(jī)的發(fā)明者。） abandonment bndndmnt n.放棄；拋棄；遺棄；放任deny 英 dinai vt. 1.否認(rèn)知情, 否定，否認(rèn)2.拒絕; 拒絕給予3.拒絕承認(rèn)；拒絕接受 sewing machine 縫紉機(jī) （21 ）His failure to market the machine successfully led to attempts by others to further develop the machine.（他在銷售縫紉機(jī)上的失敗卻使得他人成功地進(jìn)行了對(duì)縫紉機(jī)的改進(jìn)。）（22）Finally, in 1858, Isaac Singer designed a machine that worked by the use of a foot treadle, thereby freeing the hands to manipulate the fabric. （最后,在1858年,艾薩克辛格設(shè)計(jì)了一臺(tái)新縫紉機(jī),這臺(tái)機(jī)器使用腳踏板,由此可以不用手來操作縫紉機(jī)。）（23）That year, the Singer Sewing Manufacturing Company was incorporated and sales reached 3000 units. （那年,辛格縫紉制造有限公司成立并銷售了3000多臺(tái)。）With this invention, women began to sew professional-looking clothes at home, and factories experienced the birth of ready-to-wear apparel.（縫紉機(jī)的發(fā)明使得婦女在家就可以縫制出像專業(yè)人員制作的服裝，現(xiàn)代成衣業(yè)也由此誕生了。） manipulate 英 mnipjuleit vt. 操作foot treadle 腳踏板incorporate 英 ink:preit vt. 1.包含, 加上, 吸收2.把合并, 使并入3.組成公司ready-to-wear apparel 現(xiàn)代成衣業(yè) （24）These new inventions created what is now as the garment industry, which includes textiles, manufacturers, retailers, licenses, franchises, fashion communications and market consultants.（這些新發(fā)明形成了現(xiàn)代的服裝行業(yè),包括紡織品,制造商,零售商、專賣店、特許經(jīng)營(yíng)、時(shí)尚傳播和市場(chǎng)咨詢顧問。）license 英 laisns 執(zhí)照franchise 英 frn,taiz （公司授予的）特許經(jīng)銷權(quán)consultant 英 knsltnt n. 顧問 The Future of Fashion 服裝的未來（1）At the turn of the 21st century, the world of fashion continues to change. （到了二十一世紀(jì),世界時(shí)裝業(yè)繼續(xù)改變著。） Traditional rules of the game, which included faithfully following the dictates of specific designers on such issues as dress length, are finally being broken.5（以前的服裝設(shè)計(jì)，即使像服裝的長(zhǎng)度這樣的細(xì)節(jié)都要由特定設(shè)計(jì)師指定，而現(xiàn)在這種傳統(tǒng)的游戲規(guī)則最終被徹底打破了。） faithfully 英 feifuli adv. 忠實(shí)地dictate 英 dikteit vt. 指示; 指定; 指令issue 英 isju: n. 問題 （2)Although globally renowned designers are still crowding the runways with outrageous styles at prices that only a few can afford, new designers are showing fashions that reflect what is taking place on the streets, in the political arenas, in the entertainment field and in movements to protect the environment.（盡管世界頂級(jí)的設(shè)計(jì)師仍然使得T臺(tái)上充斥著只有少數(shù)人可以承受的、價(jià)格不菲的高級(jí)時(shí)裝樣式，但是新一代的設(shè)計(jì)師卻開始展示反映街頭時(shí)尚、反映政治界、娛樂界的風(fēng)云變幻，甚至是環(huán)保運(yùn)動(dòng)的時(shí)裝。）global 英 lublli adj. 全球的, 全世界的renowned 英 rinaund adj.有名的;享有聲譽(yù)的crowd 英 kraud 擁擠、充斥runway 英 rnwei 跑道outrageous 英 atreids adj. 1.駭人的；無法容忍的2.反常的；令人驚訝的arena 英 ri:n n. 1.表演場(chǎng)地, 競(jìng)技場(chǎng)2.活動(dòng)或斗爭(zhēng)的場(chǎng)所或場(chǎng)面entertainment 英 ,entteinmnt 娛樂圈，娛樂業(yè)；娛樂場(chǎng)所(3)Technology had risen to new heights. （技術(shù)已上升到一個(gè)新的高度。）Every segment of the fashion industry, from the production of raw materials to final distribution to the consumer, takes advantage of ever improving technological discoveries.（從原材料到最后銷售給消費(fèi)者, 時(shí)裝業(yè)的每部分發(fā)展都是利用不斷改進(jìn)的技術(shù)發(fā)明。）(4）The most notable are the CAD (computer-aided design) systems, which eliminate the need for endless paper patterns and time spent by the designer creating them at the drafting table. （最明顯的是CAD(計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì))系統(tǒng),節(jié)省了大量的紙張和由設(shè)計(jì)師在制圖桌上繪制樣板圖所花費(fèi)的大量時(shí)間。）（5）Other electronic applications, however, are moving the fashion industry into areas that not long ago seemed like fantasy.（然而,其他的電子應(yīng)用軟件系統(tǒng)正在將時(shí)裝業(yè)引入不久前似乎還是想象的領(lǐng)域。）segment 英 semnt 部分raw 英 r: 未加工的，天然的distribution 英 ，distribju:n n. 1.分配；分布2.運(yùn)銷，經(jīng)銷，分銷eliminate 英 ilimineit vt. 1.消除2.排除fantasy 英 fntsi n. 想像, 幻想 （6）For example, providing on-line computer services has enormous implications for fiber producers, end-product manufacturers, market consultants, retailers and promoters of fashion. 6 （比如，提供網(wǎng)上的服務(wù)（電子商務(wù)）就對(duì)包括纖維生產(chǎn)商、成品生產(chǎn)商、營(yíng)銷顧問、零售商和服裝推銷商在內(nèi)的整個(gè)服裝業(yè)產(chǎn)生了巨大的影響。）（7）The Internet has gained prominence as a vehicle for communicating, advertising, selling to suppliers and customers. （互聯(lián)網(wǎng)已經(jīng)成為供應(yīng)商和顧客之間進(jìn)行溝通、廣告、銷售的一種重要傳播媒介。）Information about major retailers is available on-line. （主要的零售商可以在網(wǎng)上發(fā)布信息。）（8）Individuals can download pictures of merchandise over their modem lines and place orders or ask questions via e-mail. （個(gè)人可以通過他們的調(diào)制解調(diào)器線路（網(wǎng)線）下載商品的圖片，并且還可以通過電子郵件進(jìn)行訂貨或提問。）enormous 英 in:ms 巨大的、極大的implication 英 ,implikein 影響（或作用、結(jié)果）consultant 英 knsltnt 顧問promoter 英 prmt 促銷、促進(jìn)vehicle 英 vi:ikl 傳播媒介prominence 英 prminns 重要的via 英 vai prep. 1.通過(某人), 憑借(某種手段)2.經(jīng)由, 經(jīng)過 （9）Another time saving and money saving invention is the fax machine, which disseminates information in a matter of seconds, enabling a design that originates in one country to be quickly copied in another.（另一個(gè)省時(shí)和省錢的發(fā)明是傳真機(jī)，它可以在幾秒鐘內(nèi)傳播信息, 能夠使一個(gè)國(guó)家的設(shè)計(jì)圖快速地復(fù)制到另外一個(gè)國(guó)家。）By transmitting the design electronically, time and effort needed for traditional transmission is eliminated.（通過電子傳輸，節(jié)省了傳統(tǒng)傳遞所需的時(shí)間和工作。）disseminate 英 disemineit 傳播originate 英 ridineit 來自、源自于transmission 英 trnzmin 傳播 （10）No one can predict the future of fashion - which the major players will be or how successful certain styles will become.（沒有人可以預(yù)測(cè)未來的時(shí)裝業(yè)主要的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者究竟是誰，或者某個(gè)流行款式是什么。）By examining the past, one may begin to understand what this industry is all about and the number of variables that interact in marketplace.（通過回顧過去,你可能理解時(shí)裝業(yè)究竟是怎么一回事以及影響時(shí)裝市場(chǎng)的諸多因素。）all about 關(guān)于的一切interact 英 ,intrkt vi. 1.相互作用影響, 互相配合2.交流；溝通；合作（11） Many people - some famous, some unknown - impact the fashion industry. （一些著名的、無名的人們影響著時(shí)裝業(yè)的發(fā)展。）For example, anyone interested in fashion knows the names of such contemporary designers as Donna Karan, Ralph Lauren and Calvin Klein, and such past legends as Chanel, Balenciaga and Dior, but who can name a well-known patternmaker, sewer or trimmer?（例如, 對(duì)時(shí)裝感興趣的人知道當(dāng)代設(shè)計(jì)師的名字，如唐娜卡拉,拉爾夫勞倫