初中中考英語(yǔ)代詞專(zhuān)項(xiàng)講解和練習(xí).doc

初中英語(yǔ)中考代詞專(zhuān)項(xiàng)代詞的分類(lèi)：人稱(chēng)代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、關(guān)系代詞、疑問(wèn)代詞、連接代詞和不定代詞等1. 人稱(chēng)代詞，物主代詞，反身代詞第一人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第二人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)第一人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)第二人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)第三人稱(chēng)復(fù)數(shù)主格賓格形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞反身代詞2. 指示代詞： 指示說(shuō)明近處或者遠(yuǎn)處、上文或者下文、以前或者現(xiàn)在的人或事物。單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)含義指較近的人和物指較遠(yuǎn)的人和物指上文提過(guò)的人和物指和上文提過(guò)的相同的人和物指不太清楚是誰(shuí)或者是什么時(shí)Remember never to do _ things.-Hello, this is Tommy. Who is _? -_ is me!3. 疑問(wèn)代詞的一般用法作用主格賓格所有格指人指物 /指人或物 /A. 關(guān)于who與whom Who通常用作主語(yǔ), whom用作賓語(yǔ), who可對(duì)主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn), 而whom只能對(duì)賓語(yǔ)提問(wèn). 在口語(yǔ)中常用who來(lái)替代whom, 但如果用于介詞之后，則只能用whom.B. 關(guān)于what與 whichwhat”什么” which哪一個(gè) 前者問(wèn)的寬泛, 后者問(wèn)得具體, 有明顯限定性的選擇范圍.C. 疑問(wèn)代詞不分單復(fù)數(shù),視它所替代的人或事物決定單復(fù)數(shù),但是通常用單數(shù)；如果修飾名詞,則以名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)為準(zhǔn)。4. it的特殊用法 A. Its + adj. + to do 該句型中的形容詞表示不定式所具備的特征或客觀情況, 其中it為形式主語(yǔ), to do sth.為真實(shí)主語(yǔ)B. Its + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 該句型中的形容詞指的是do sth.的屬性. 不能改成sb. Is/are + adj.的結(jié)構(gòu)C. Its + adj. + of sb. + to do sth.該句型中的形容詞跟人有關(guān)，用來(lái)描述人的特征、品質(zhì)等。表示“某人這么做真是太-了”5. 不定代詞：代替或修飾不特指的人或事物的代詞叫不定代詞。常用的不定代詞有:all, each, neither; one, none, little, few, many, much, others, another, some, any, no及some, no, any, every與其他詞組成的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu).A. some和 any 的用法：some一般用于肯定句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí)可修飾可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞; 用于疑問(wèn)句時(shí),表示建議、請(qǐng)求或希望得到肯定回答。any 一般用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句中作定語(yǔ)時(shí)可修飾可數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞; any 用于肯定句時(shí),意思是“任何的”。B. no和none的用法：no是形容詞,修飾可數(shù)n.(單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù))或不可數(shù)n.,不可與of連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_.none既可以指人也可以指物，“一點(diǎn)也不，一個(gè)也不”，常與of連用，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞_.C. all和both的用法：all和both既可以修飾名詞_,也可以獨(dú)立使用, all指三者或三者以上的人或物, both指兩個(gè)人或物D. every和each用法：every是形容詞,只能作定語(yǔ)修飾單數(shù)名詞,意思是”每一個(gè)”, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_.each是形容詞、代詞 “每個(gè)/各個(gè)”,表示單個(gè)概念；each可以放在名詞前,可以后跟of短語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用_.E. either和neither的用法：either意思是“兩個(gè)中間的任何一個(gè)”；neither是either的否定形式,意思是“兩個(gè)都不”。F. other, the other, another, others, the others的用法：other表示泛指，“另外的，其他的”常與復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞連用 the other特指兩個(gè)中的另一個(gè)?？蓡为?dú)使用也可接單數(shù)名詞 the others=_another常用于指三者或三者以上中的另一個(gè)，泛指單數(shù)?？蓡为?dú)使用也可后接名詞。如果其后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，表示“又，再，還” others指“剩余的人/物”(指大部分)You have had several cakes. Do you really want _ one?I want _ four books.This is one of your socks. Where is _?A few students are playing soccer while _ are watching them.Two of the ten boys are standing and _ are sitting round them. I have no _ place to go for a holiday.G .many和much的用法：many意思是“很多”,與可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)連用；too manymuch意思是“很多”,與不可數(shù)名詞連用。 too muchH. few、little、a few、a little的用法：few、little意思是“很少幾個(gè)”、“幾乎沒(méi)有”,有否定的意思,a few、a little意思是“有幾個(gè)”、“有些”,有肯定的意思 ,few、a few與可數(shù)名詞連用或代替可數(shù)的事物,little、a little與不可數(shù)名詞連用或代替不可數(shù)的事物。He is very poor and he has _ money.Dont worry. There is still _ time left.Its very difficult, but _ people can understand it.I. 復(fù)合不定代詞somebody, something, anything, nothing, everything, everybody等是由some, any, no, every, 加上body, thing構(gòu)成的,叫做復(fù)合不定代詞,在句子中當(dāng)單數(shù)使用.somebody, something, someone 一般用于肯定句中,anything, anybody, anyone一般用于疑問(wèn)句、否定句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中。修飾復(fù)合不定代詞的定語(yǔ),應(yīng)放在它們的后面。J. one與ones用來(lái)代替上文的一個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物, 前面可以加冠詞, 形容詞, 指示代詞, which等. K. one與it的區(qū)別 One指代上文提到同類(lèi)事物中的一個(gè), 但不是上文提到的那一個(gè). 如果指同類(lèi)事物中的一些，用ones. It可指代動(dòng)物或物生命的事物及時(shí)間, 日期, 天氣, 距離等， it也可作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)L. so可以代替一件事情, 作句子的賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。 我認(rèn)為不是這樣的. _.He lost a book. _. (我也是。)M. none、no one、nobody的區(qū)別：no one和nobody都表示”沒(méi)有人”, 僅指人,后面不跟of 短語(yǔ), 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)用_.none表示”沒(méi)有一個(gè)人/物”, 可指人也可以指物,后面可跟of短語(yǔ), 作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)_.隨堂練習(xí)（Practice makes perfect!）1. In our school, _ students like English, but _ of them can speak English smoothly.A. a little; a few B. a few; few C. a few, little D. a little; few2. Which of the two magazines will you take?Ill take _ though I find _ of them are very useful to me.A. all; both B. either; either C. either; neither D. either; both3. Im a bit hungry, Auntie! Therere some cakes on the table. You may take _.A. it B. one C. that D. this 4. _ may have a chance to be successful if he tries his best.A. None B. NobodyC. SomebodyD. Everybody5. At present, children mean _ to most of the parents. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something6. -Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? -_ is OK. Im free today and tomorrow. A. Neither B. Either C. Both D. None7. Bob, can you see the boys over there? _ are my cousins. Lets go and say hello to them. A. This B. those C. these D. That8. Bill thought _ necessary to work with friends and share different ideas. A. they B. one C. that D. it9. Ive been so bored for a long time. I hope to have _to do. A. exciting something B. nothing exciting C. something exciting D. good something 10. -Would you like some tea or coffee? -_, thanks! Id prefer some coke. A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. None11. -Susan, go and join your sister in cleaning the yard? -Why _? John is sitting there doing nothing at all. A. I B. myself C. mine D. me12. -Everyone knows Canada is the second largest country in the world. -That is, it is larger than _ country in Asia. A. any B. any other C. other D. another13. He is a man of _ word. A. a few B. few C. a little D. little14. Televisions have made _ possible for us to watch movies at home. A. that B. it C. this D. one15. -Could we see each other at 9 oclock tomorrow morning? -Sorry, lets make it _ time. A. others B. the other C. other D. another16. We should tell the truth. We cant say one thing to one person and _ thing to someone else. A. other B. another C. the other D. one more17. My host family tried to cook _ for me when I studied in New York. A. different something B. different anything C. something different D. anything different18. -It snowed heavily last night. Is everyone in our class here today? -Yes, and _ of us was late for school this morning. A. none B. nobody C. all D. others19. Eddie has _ to do, and he sleeps all day long. A. none B. anything C. nothing D. something20. He thinks himself somebody, but we think him _. A. none B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody二、完形填空【2013江蘇泰州】 What comes to your mind when you talk about donations? You probably think of a group of people with _16_ in hand asking people to donate money. But my school came up with a _17_ way of raising fundsFun Night.Fun Night is like a party. Students pay money to get in and have dinner at school. The _18_ they pay will go towards helping poor children _19_.Two months ago, I took part in Fun Night. There were all kinds of _20_ in Fun Night. The most popular game was the “jousting ring”(奪環(huán)). I “jousted” with several of my _21_ and managed to knock plenty of them off the ring. _22_， they developed different strategies(策略) to win, such as starting in a crouched position(蹲姿) to gather more strength when pushing.Sometimes they attacked me _23_ I was ready. It would usually be _24_ as cheating(作弊), but we didnt care and _25_ playing. After all(畢竟), it was just a game, not _26_.The best of Fun Night was not the fun activities. The fact was that we raised a lot of money by having a _27_ time. A lot of students at my school wouldnt _28_ money if they were simply asked to hand it over. But this kind of event not only made them _29_ to give, but also allowed them to have a great time playing games with friends. I realized that _30_ can be fun. We raised 2, 000 yuan on that night.()16. A