重慶市萬州市高考英語一輪閱讀理解選練（12）.docVIP

重慶市萬州市2016高考英語一輪閱讀理解選練（12）【2015高考復(fù)習(xí)】閱讀理解former irish president mary robinson was just making a polite conversation with an ethiopian (埃塞俄比亞的) teenager about her wedding day.the 16yearold had already been married for a year.“she looked at me with the saddest eyes and said，i had to drop out of school， ” robinson said in a telephone interview.“that conveyed to me the reality，” said robinson，the first woman to serve as irelands president and former un.high commissioner for human rights.“her life，as far as she is concerned，had more or less ended.”robinson said keeping girls in school was one of the most important things policymakers could do to address the coming challenges of an everincreasing population，predicted by the united nations to reach 7 billion soon.“european countries are concerned about aging populations，but this is much less of an issue than the huge number of people which we are going to see over the next 40 years when the population goes from 7 billion to 9 billion，”she said.“almost all of that increase will be in poor developing countries，so that we have a very big challenge.”family planning experts worry in particular about the future population explosion in subsaharan africa.in may，the united nations projected the world population would reach 9.3 billion in 2050 and 10.1 billion by 2100.much of that growth will come from africa，where the population is growing at 2.3 percent a yearmore than double asias 1 percent growth rate.if that rate stays consistent，which is not certain，africas population will reach 3.6 billion by 2100 from the present 1 billion. joel cohen，a professor of population studies at rockefeller university and columbia university in new york，said universal secondary education offered a way to reduce population in high birth rate regions.in addition to providing information about birth control，a secondary education teaches women to reduce their own fertility，improve the health of their children and allows them to move from a mindset of having many children in the hope that some will survive to improve the quality of each childs life，cohen wrote in the journal nature.【語篇解讀】人口的快速增長困擾著世界。有關(guān)人士指出，控制人口快速增長的一種方式就是提高女性的受教育水平，進而改變?nèi)藗冾^腦中固有的傳統(tǒng)生育觀念。1in the first paragraph，the author introduces his topic by_.agiving an examplebexplaining the authors opinionscdescribing the poor education systemdcoming straight to the topic解析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。在本段中，作者以愛爾蘭前總統(tǒng)mary robinson與埃塞俄比亞的一位已婚少女的交談為例引入話題，所以a項正確。答案a2what can we learn from the passage?arobinson is happy after talking to the ethiopian girl.brobinson is a successful expert in population studies.crobinson is worried about the population growth.drobinson encourages female education.解析推理判斷題。第二段引號中的內(nèi)容提到“歐洲國家擔(dān)心出現(xiàn)人口老齡化問題，但與人口快速增長相比，這算不了什么。幾乎所有的人口增長都發(fā)生在發(fā)展中國家，這將是一個巨大的挑戰(zhàn)?！庇纱丝赏茢嗨龘?dān)心的是人口增長問題。答案c3what is joel cohens view about secondary education?ait provides basic knowledge of heahh.bit reduces aging population.cit makes people pay more attention to education.dit can change peoples parenting ideas.解析推理判斷題。由最后一段的最后一句可知，joel cohen在自然雜志中寫到中學(xué)教育可以改變?nèi)藗兊挠齼豪砟睢４鸢竏4according to the passage，the most important way to control high population growth is_.alet girls go away from africabkeep girls in schoolclet young girls remain singledkeep girls in families解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句前半部分中的內(nèi)容可知，控制人口快速增長的最重要的方式之一是讓女孩兒上學(xué)。答案b閱讀理解。usually, when your teacher asks a question, there is only one correct answer. but there is one question that has millions of current answers. that question is “whats your name?” everyone gives a different answer, but everyone is correct.have you ever wondered about peoples names? where do they come from? what do they mean?peoples first names, or given names, are chosen by their parents. sometimes the name of a grandparent or other member of the family is used. some parents choose the name of a well-known person. a boy could be named george washington smith; a girl could be named helen keller jones.some people give their children names that mean good things. clara means “bright”; beatrice means “one who gives happiness”; donald means “world ruler”; leonard means “as brave as a lion”.the earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names. a family with the name brook or brooks probably lived near brook(小溪)；someone who was called longstreet probably lived on a long, paved road. the greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest.other early surnames came from peoples occupations. the most common occupational name is smith, which means a person who makes things with iron or other metals. in the past, smiths were very important workers in every town and village. some other occupational names are: carter a person who owned or drove a cart; potter a person who made pots and pans.the ancestors of the baker family probably baked bread for their neighbors in their native village. the carpenters great-great-great-grandfather probably built houses and furniture.sometimes people were known for the color of their hair or skin, or their size, or their special abilities. when there were two men who were named john in the same village, the john with the gray hair probably became john gray. or the john who was very tall could call himself john tallman. john fish was probably an excellent swimmer and john lightfoot was probably a fast runner or a good dancer.some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name. english-speaking people added s or son. the johnsons are descendants of john; the roberts familys ancestor was robert. irish and scottish people added mac or mc or o. perhaps all of the macdonnells and the mcdonnells and the odonnells are descendants of the same donnell.1. which of the following aspects do the surnames in the passage not cover? a. places where people lived. b. peoples characters.c. talents that people possessed. d. peoples occupations.2. according to the passage, the ancestors of the potter family most probably _.a. owned or drove a cart b. made things with metalsc. made kitchen tools or containers d. built houses and furniture3. suppose an english couple whose ancestors lived near a leafy forest wanted their new-born son to become a world leader, the baby might be named _.a. beatrice smith b. leonard carterc. george longstreet d. donald greenwood4. the underlined word “descendants” in the last paragraph means a persons _. a. later generations b. friends and relativesc. colleagues and partners d. later sponsors1. b 細節(jié)題 根據(jù)文中第5段 “the earliest last names, or surnames, were taken from place names.” 第6段“other early surnames came from peoples occupations.”第8段“sometimes people were known fortheir special abilities.”分別可以排除a, c, d, 得出答案b。2.c 推斷題 根據(jù)文中第6段最后一句“pottera person who made pots and pans.”可知potter意為一個制作茶壺和平底鍋的人，得出答案c。3.d推斷題 根據(jù)第4段 “donald means world ruler”和第五段最后一句 “the greenwood family lived in or near a leafy forest”，得出答案d。4.a詞義猜測題 根據(jù)最后一段 “some family names were made by adding something to the fathers name. english-speaking people added s or son.” 得出答案a，意為“后代”。閱讀理解。the secret to the success of myswannier, who had started two successful technology companies, rushed home to begin work on the idea. two years later, in october 2006, she launched . customers go online to enter their measurements (there are 11, from arm length to hip width) and are assigned one of seven body types based on their proportions. software identifies selections for each shape by price (as low as $14.49 for a top, up to $605 for a coat), profile (modern classic, romantic glam, and artistic trendy), designer (from august silk to tadashi), and lifestyle (work attire to dress-up). wannier had a degree in textile design and an mba, but she had a lot to learn about the garment industry. and while she had money from the sale of one of her businesses to kick-start myshape, she needed investors. most of those prospects were men, and they simply didnt get the concept-until they saw models of various shapes and sizes in leotards, complete with lumps, bumps, and bulges. they were impressed with wanniers vision and hopped on board, putting up $32 million and helping her develop a business plan while she designed and patented the technology.once wannier had a prototype, she set up an online survey for potential customers. within 24 hours, she got over 700 responses; a third of them signed up. we were astonished, recalls wannier, who double-checked the results just to be sure. it convinced us there really was a demand.wannier had an e-commerce site, but she still needed something to sell on it.she moved out of her kitchen and into an office and brought in retail specialists who could persuade skeptical designers to entrust their clothes to a start-up without an established reputation. she refers to that period as a bit of madness.today, with 700,000 customers and 300 designers, the site has proved its usefulness. some weeks, says wannier, we get 100 percent customer satisfaction. and designers are delighted: they get a new distribution channel, absolute customer loyalty, and returns that are 10 percent lower than on other sites.while myshape continues to sign up customers and designers, the company is not yet profitable. we get a percentage of the price of the clothes, says wannier. in this economy, women are spending less. in order to make money, then, we have to attract more customers who will come back again and again.asked what the future holds for myshape, she says, next year, well start providing the technology to other online stores, so my dream is that our way of shopping becomes the way everyone does it. ( readers digest )5. which of the following statements is not true?a.wannier sold one of her businesses to start myshape.b.wannier succeeded in getting investment for my shapec.it still remains to be seen whether the website is useful or not.d.wannier has great confidence in making money from myshape6. which is the most important factor leading to the success of myshape?a.wannier had a degree in textile design and an mbab.theres a demand for such technology used to run myshapec.wannier is a businesswoman with experience, plans, dedication and visiond.people are concerned about their shapes and clothes they wear 7.what does “prospects” mean in the sentence “ most of those prospects were men, and they simply didnt get the concept ” in paragraph 2?a.chances of success in a job b.possibilities that sth. will happenc. ideas of what will happen in the future d. possible or likely customers 5.c 細節(jié)推理題。從全篇內(nèi)容以及標(biāo)題來看，c項有誤。從第二段第二行“and while she had money from”可以得出a項正確。從第二段倒數(shù)第三行“they were impressed with wanniers vision and hopped on board, putting up $32 million and”得知b項正確。從最后一段“she says, next year, well start providing the technology to other online stores, so my dream is that”可知d項正確。6.c 從全文得知a,b,c,d都是導(dǎo)致myshape成功的可能因素，但根據(jù)整篇文章”the most important factor”最關(guān)鍵的因素應(yīng)是c項。7.d詞義猜測題。根據(jù)整句話“most of those prospects were men, and they”從man 一詞可看出prospects 應(yīng)指人，a, b, c, 選項的中心詞均不是指人?！眕rospect” 在此處的意思為“可能成為顧客的人”閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的a,b,c或d四個選項中，選出最佳選項。at the age of ten i could not figure out what this elvis presley guy had that the rest of us boys did not have. i mean, he had a head, two arms and two legs, just like the rest of us. about nine oclock on saturday morning i decided to ask eugene correthers, one of the older boys, what it was that made this elvis guy so special. he told me that it was elvis wavy hair and the way he moved his body.about half an hour later all the boys in the orphanage（孤兒院）were called to the main dining-room and told we were all going to downtown jacksonville, florida to get a new pair of buster brown shoes and a hair cut.that is when i got this big idea, which hit me like a ton of bricks.if the elvis hair cut was the big secret, then thats what i was going to get. all the way to town i told everybody, including the matron（女管家）from the orphanage who was taking us to town, that i was going to look just like elvis presley and that i would learn to move around just like he did and that i would be rich and famous one day, just like him. when i got my new buster brown shoes, i could hardly wait for my new hair cut and now that i had my new buster brown shoes i would be very happy to go back to the orphanage and practice being like elvis. we finally arrived at the big barber shop, where they cut our hair for free because we were orphans（孤兒). i looked at the barber and said, “i want an elvis hair cut. can you make my hair like elvis?” i asked him, with a big smile on my face. “l(fā)ets just see what we can do for you, little man,” he said. i was so happy when he started to cut my hair. just as he started to cut my hair, the matron signed for him to come over to where she was standing. she whispered something into his ear and then he shook his head, like he was telling her “no”. then he told me they were not allowed to give us elvis hair cuts. then i saw my hair falling onto the floor.1.in the authors eyes, elvis presley was _.a. disgustingb. admirablec. ambitiousd. dynamic2. from the passage, we can know that _.a. buster brown was more appealing than elvis presleyb. an elvis hair cut cost the orphans a lot of moneyc. the author was fascinated with the stars buster and elvisd. the barber was unwilling to give the boy an elvis hair cut3. we can learn from the underlined sentence that the boy was _.a. excited to have an elvis hair cut b. worried to think about the secretc. anxious to remove the ton of bricks d. careful to seize the chance4. how would the boy probably feel when he walked out of the barber shop?a. delighted. b. guilty. c. self-satisfied. d. depressed.【參考答案】14、bcad閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的a,b,c或d四個選項中，選出最佳選項。inside the pleasingly fragrant cafe, so all may eat (same) in downtown denver, the spirit of generosity (慷慨) is instantly noticeable: a donation box stands in place of a cash register. customers here pay only what they can afford, no questions asked.a risky business plan, perhaps, but same cafe has done one unchangeable thing in the mile high city for six years: open only at midday, the restaurant provides poor local people with healthy, delicious lunches six days a week. those unable to pay for their meals can instead volunteer as waiters and waitresses, and dishwashe