HISTORY AND ANTHOLOGY OF ENGLISH LITERAURE PART I ANGLOSAXON PERIOD2013.ppt

historyandanthologyofenglishliterature,name:chenxingjun/cindyphone-mail:chenxingjun1001,haveyoueversaid/heardthosesentencesbefore?,眾里尋他千百度，驀然回首，那人卻在，燈火闌珊處。-宋辛棄疾-青玉案元夕owind,ifwintercomes,canspringbefarbehind?-percybyssheshelleyodetothewestwind,whatisliterature?whydoweneedtolearnsomethingaboutliterature?whatsyourfeelingtowardsthelearningofliterature?,coursesyllabusfall2013,i.coursedescription:literatureisakindofcarrierofcultureandasortofmanifestationofacertainlanguage,therefore,inordertobetterunderstandtheculture,aswellasthelanguage,itisnecessaryforustoknowsomething.,ii.objectives:thiscourseistoprovideyouwithopportunitiestoappreciateandanalyzesomeimportantwritersandtheirworks,withsomeknowledgeofthehistory,bothofthecountryandofitsliterature.,.tentativecourseschedule:week1:theanglo-saxonperiod,beowulfweek2:theanglo-normanperiodandgeoffreychaucers“thecanterburytales”week3:therenaissanceshakespeares“hamlet”and“sonnet18”,week4:theperiodofrevolutionandrestoration,johndonnes“theflea”andjohnmiltons“paradiselost”week5:theageofenlightenmentinengland,danieldefoes“robinsoncrusoe”,williamblakes“thetiger”,week6:theromanticperiod,williamwordsworth,byron,shelley,keatsweek7:thevictorianperiod,charlesdickenss“olivertwist”,charlottebrontes“janeeyre”,oscarwildes“doriangray”.week8:twentiethcentury,d.h.lawrences“sonsandlovers”.,parti:theanglo-saxonperiod(449-1066),thehistoryofanglo-saxonenglandcoversthehistoryofenglandfromtheendofromanbritain(betweenad43andabout410)andtheestablishmentofanglo-saxonkingdomsinthefifthcenturyuntilthenormanconquestofenglandin1066.,romanconquest:in55bc,britainwasinvadedbyjuliuscaesar,theromanconqueror,(whohadjustoccupiedthepresent-dayfrance).atthebeginningofthe5thcentury,theromantroopswerewithdrawn.,1.historicalbackground,asurvivingfragmentofthelondonwall,1.historicalbackground,thewithdrawoftheromansthisleftthenativesopentoattacksfromtheneighboringpicts(todayscotland)andjutes(agermanictribe).theceltscalledforhelpfromtheanglesandsaxons,tribesfromtheareathatisthemoderngermany-denmarkarea.,theanglesandsaxonsturnedagainstceltsandsettledinengland,becomingtheanglo-saxonswholivedinangle-land.,invasionofbritainad449,7thcenturyanglo-saxonchurch.churcharchitectureandartifactsprovideausefulsourceofhistoricalinformation.,2.literature,1):pagan:oralsagas:thesongofbeowulf2):christian:copiedbythemonk.theinfluenceofthechristianityuponlanguageandculture.twoecclesiasticpoets:caedmonandcynewulf.,inthisillustrationfrompage46ofthecaedmon(orjunius)manuscript,anangelisshownguardingthegatesofparadise.,epic,alongnarrativepoemcelebratingthegreatdeedsofoneormorelegendaryheroes,inagrandceremoniousstyle.thehero,usuallyprotectedbyorevendescendedfromgods,performssuperhumanexploitsinbattleorinmarvelousvoyages.virgilsaeneid(3020bc),homer,whoseiliadandodyssey(c.8thcenturybce),miltonsparadiselost(1667),3.thesongofbeowulf,thesongofbeowulf,thenationalepicoftheanglo-saxonsorenglishpeople,consistsof3182lines.thewholesongisessentiallypaganinspiritandsubjectmatter,whiletheinterpolationisobviouslyanadditionmadebythechristianwhocopiedthesong.,beowulf,writtenintheoldenglishsometimesbeforethe10thcenturyad,describestheadventuresofagreatscandinavianwarriorofthe6thcentury.,culturalbackground,cain-bible:genesis,cain(right)andabel(left),19thcenturybibleillustration,3.thesongofbeowulf,plotandtheme:fightwithgrendelfightwithgrendelsmotherfightwithfiredrakedeathandfuneral,thesongofbeowulf(c.1000),dealswiththedanishking,hrothgar,whosecourtisattackedbythemonstergrendelandhismother,whokillmanyofthekingsmen.,beowulf,ayounggeat,comesboastingtohrothgarscourt,andavengesthesedeathsbyfightinggrendelandhismother,receivingrichrewardsfromhrothgarhisring-bearerforthesedeeds.hethenfightsadragontosavehisownpeople,butdiesinslayingit.thepoemendsinalamentforbeowulf.,3.thesongofbeowulffeatures(1),alliterationthemoststrikingone.,alliteration:certainaccentedwordsinalinebeginwiththesameconsonantsound.landscapelover,lordoflanguage(tennyson).,3.thesongofbeowulffeatures(2),kennings-typicalofmuchofclassicpoetryintheoldenglish.比喻的復(fù)合辭afigurative,apoeticcompound,madeupoftwoormorenounsstandingforanothernoun,forexample,stormofswordsisakenningforbattle,beowulfisakenning,“bee-wolf”,thatis“bear”.,3.thesongofbeowulffeatures(3),understatements:examplesinthepoemare“nottroublesome”=verywelcome;“neednotpraise”=arighttocondemn.,3.thesongofbeowulfthemes,orderversuschaositcanbeconcludedthatthispoemshowshowtheprimitivepeoplefightagainsttheforcesofthenaturalworldunderawiseandmightyleader.,butitseemsthatallthemesarepartofalargerthematicschemewhichcentersupontheconflictbetweengoodandevil.,beowulfsfuneral,thegreatracethenrearedupforhimafuneralpyre.itwasnotapettymound,butshiningmail-coatsandshieldsofwarandhelmetshunguponit,ashehaddesired.thentheheroes,lamenting,laidoutinthemiddletheirgreatchief,theircherishedlord.,http:/www.abdn.ac.uk/sll/disciplines/english/beowulf/contents.htm英文原文,thesignificanceofbeowulf,a.thisgloriousepicpresentsusavividpictureofthelifeofanglo-saxonpeopleandhighlypraisest