2014年12月四六級翻譯預測練習.doc

2014年12月四六級翻譯預測練習：假日經(jīng)濟 2013年的翻譯，我給學生準備的材料中，直接命中了絲綢之路、茶文化、和四大發(fā)明三篇；2014年6月的翻譯，我準備的材料中再次命中核能的翻譯話題；2014年12月，考過了文化、教育、能源、霧霾、大媽之后，經(jīng)濟類的翻譯該準備一下了。假日經(jīng)濟：假日經(jīng)濟的現(xiàn)象表明：中國消費者的消費觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。根據(jù)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，中國消費者的消費需求正在從基本生活必需品轉向對休閑、舒適和個人發(fā)展的需求。同時，中國人的消費觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日經(jīng)濟中正變得成熟。因此產(chǎn)品結構應做相應調整，來適應社會的發(fā)展。另一方面，服務質量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質量的要求。(149詞)逐句翻譯答案：假日經(jīng)濟的現(xiàn)象表明：中國消費者的消費觀正在發(fā)生巨大變化。the phenomenon of holiday economy shows that chinese peoplesconsumption concept is undertaking great changes.根據(jù)統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)，中國消費者的消費需求正在從基本生活必需品轉向對休閑、舒適和個人發(fā)展的需求。according to statistics, the demands of chinese consumers areshifting from the basic necessities of life to leisure, comfort and personaldevelopment.同時，中國人的消費觀在蓬勃發(fā)展的假日經(jīng)濟中正變得成熟。meanwhile, with the prosperity of holiday economy, the chinesepeoples concept of consumption becomes mature.因此產(chǎn)品結構應做相應調整，來適應社會的發(fā)展。therefore, the structure of products should be adjusted accordinglyto adapt to social development.另一方面，服務質量要改善，以滿足人們提高生活質量的要求。on the other hand, services should be improved to satisfy peoplesdemand for an improved quality of life.2014年12月英語四級翻譯7大基本技巧目前階段，大學英語四級翻譯引起了越來越多的學生關注，那么在考前如何快速的突破四級翻譯呢?老師總結了翻譯的七大技巧，希望能在四六級考試最后的沖刺階段，助考生一臂之力。下面我們具體分析漢譯英的七大基本技巧：一、增詞在段落翻譯時，為了能充分的表達原文含義，以求達意，翻譯時有必要增加詞語來使英文的表達更加順暢。例如：虛心使人進步，驕傲使人落后。譯文為： modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.其中間加上了增連詞whereas，以使英語的句子表達更加有邏輯性。二、減詞考生要明白，英語的表達傾向簡潔，漢語比較喜歡重復，重復作為漢語的一種修辭手法，在某種場合下，重復的表達一個意思，是為了強調，加強語氣。漢語中為了有更強的節(jié)奏感和押韻，也經(jīng)常會出現(xiàn)排比句。考生在翻譯這些句子時，為了符合英文表達的邏輯，就要有所刪減或省略。例如：這是革命的春天，這是人民的春天，這是科學的春天!讓我們張開雙臂，熱烈擁抱這個春天吧!譯文為：let us stretch out our arms to embrace the spring, which is one of the revolution, of the people, and of science.以上的漢語是比較重復的排比句，漢譯英時考生要遵守英語的邏輯表達，加上定語從句來翻譯，這樣英文句子讀起來也朗朗上口。三、詞類轉換英語語言的一個很重要的特點，就是詞類變形和詞性轉換，尤其是名詞、動詞、形容詞之間的轉換。例如：她的書給我們的印象很深。譯文為：her book impressed us deeply.在此翻譯中漢語中的名詞印象轉化成英語中的動詞impress。(1)蒙古族牧民(herdsmen)的生活方式很有特色。牧民們喜歡吃牛羊肉和奶制品 (dairyproduct)，喜歡喝紅茶和磚茶(bricktea)。他們大多住在圓形的蒙古包(ger) 里。蒙古包頂上開有天窗，用來通風(ventilation)和采光。蒙古族是一個能騎善射、能歌善舞的民族。每年七、八月舉行的“那達慕”大會(nadama fair)，是蒙古族人民一年一度的盛大節(jié)日，大會上有賽馬、摔跤、射箭(archery)比賽和精彩的歌舞表演。參考答案：the mongolian herdsmens life style hasdistinguishing features. the herdsmen like eating redmeat and dairy products，and drinking black tea andbrick tea. most of them live in circular gers withwindows on the top, used for ventilation andlighting. the mongolians are a group talented in riding and shooting，and singing and dancing.the nadama fair, which is held in july and august every year，is the mongolian peoples annualgrand festival.there would be horse racing，wrestling，archery race and excellent musical anddance performances on the festival.(2)2014年12月英語四級新題型翻譯沖刺練習(2)景泰藍(jingtailan)藝術是雕刻、繪畫和塑瓷(porcelainmaking)的獨特融合。據(jù)說景泰藍于元朝時誕生于北京，現(xiàn)存最古老的景泰藍就造于元朝。但是景泰藍在明朝時經(jīng)歷了巨大的變革。那時，人們認為景泰藍最為復雜。然而，由于熔銅技術 (copper-melting techniques)的偉大發(fā)明，景泰藍于清朝時達到頂峰。用景泰藍能夠制成大件物品，如花瓶、其他器皿和裝飾品，也能制成小物品，如耳環(huán)、手鐲或筷子。新中國成立以來，涌現(xiàn)出了很多新品種的景泰藍，在國內外享有很高的聲譽。參考答案：the art of jingtailan is a unique combination of sculpture, painting and porcelain making.it is said to have originated in beijing during the yuan dynasty. the oldest extant piece was made during the yuan dynasty, but jingtailan had a major change during the ming dynasty.at that time, jingtailan was considered to be the most complicated. however, it reachcd its peak during the qing dynasty because of great innovations in copper-melting techniques.jingtailan can be made into large objects such as vases and other large utensils and decorative items, as well as small items like earrings, bracelets or chopsticks.since new china was founded, quite a number of new varieties have been created.it enjoys a high reputation both at home and abroad.2014年12月英語四級新題型翻譯沖刺練習(3)茶文化是中國傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分，有著悠久的歷史。一代代的種植者和生產(chǎn)者使中國制茶工藝變得日臻完善。茶和中國文化有著極其緊密的聯(lián)系。茶研究涉及的范圍很廣，有著豐富的內容。中國茶可以分為五類。每一種都有不同于其他種類的味道和外觀。綠茶是辦公室職員的最佳選擇，它有助于防止電腦輻射(computer radiation)，補充人體水分(moisture content)。參考答案：with a long history, tea culture is an important partof chinese traditional culture. generations ofgrowers and producers have perfected the chineseway of manufacturing tea. tea has an extremelyclose relationship with chinese culture. the study oftea covers a wide field and has a very rich content. chinese tea can be classified into fivecategories. each kind is different from others in flavor and appearance. green tea is the bestoption for office workers since it can help prevent computer radiation and supplementmoisture content of the human body.宴會通常在飯店的包間(private rooms)舉行，要么是晚宴，要么是午宴。主賓 (the guest of honor)通常第一個進入房間。在正式的晚宴上，主陪(the main host)和主賓對面坐，主陪背對著門，主賓面對著門?？腿藨摰戎灰龑У剿麄兊奈恢蒙希钡街髻e和主陪都坐下之后，客人才可以坐下。宴會的主菜通常包括涼菜和熱炒，通常還有象征富足蘊意的整條魚，還有湯。上水果則標志著飯局的結束。參考答案：banquets are usually held in restaurants in privaterooms，either for dinner or lunch. the guest ofhonor typically enters the room first. at a formaldinner the main host and guest are seated facingeach other，the host with his back to the door andthe guest facing the door. guests should wait to be guided to their places and should not situntil the main host and guest have done so. banquets usually have main course which includescold dishes, hot stir fries, often with a whole cooked fish which symbolizes abundance, andsoup. serving fruit signals the end of the meal.中國通過了第一部物權法，下令對北京的幾百座四合院進行保護。然而，批評家們指出，所謂“保存”常常只是拆掉老房子，然后依照傳統(tǒng)樣式蓋一座新的來代替。馬巖松曾經(jīng)說過：“現(xiàn)在的做法就是在假造古董，這不好。胡同吸引了很多旅游者，但這里貧困的老住戶要么就像主題公園里的演員，要么就被踢出去，以便富人們可以購買這些房子。老北京的精神正在消亡?！敝攸c詞匯：物權法 property law四合院 courtyard拆掉 knock down代替 replace假古董 fake antique胡同 hutong主題公園 theme park踢出去 kick out消亡 die away參考答案：china has passed the first property law, ordering to protect beijings hundreds of courtyards. but critics say, so-called “conservation” just means knocking down an old building and replacing it with a structure in a traditional style. for this,ma yansongs opinion is “the way is just to build fake antiques, it is not nice. these hutongs attract many tourists. the poor,old residents are either like actors in a theme park or they are kicked out so that the rich can buy these houses. the spirits of oldbeijing are now dying away.”中文熱詞通常反映社會變化和文化，有些在外國媒體上愈來愈流行。例如，土豪和大媽都是老詞，但已獲取了新的意義。土豪以前指欺壓佃戶和仆人的鄉(xiāng)村地主，現(xiàn)在用于指花錢如流水或喜歡炫耀財富的人， 也就是說，土豪有錢，但是沒有品位。大媽是對中年婦女的稱呼，但是現(xiàn)在特指不久前金價大跌時大量購買黃金的中國婦女。土豪和大媽可能會被收入新版的牛津(oxford)英語詞典，至今約有120中文加進了牛津英語詞典，成了英語語言的一部分。重點詞匯：通常usually反應reflect媒體media愈來愈increasingly獲取acquire指的是 refer to炫耀 show off沒有品位have no taste收入include into加進add to成.的一部分becoming a part of.參考答案：the chinese hot words usually reflect the social and cultural change, some of them are increasingly popular with the foreign media. for instance, although the tuhao and dama are old words, they have acquired new meaning.tuhao (local tyrants) referred to the village landlords who oppressed the peasants and servants in the old days, but now it is used to refer to the rich who spends money like water or likes to show off. that is to say, the local tyrants have wealth but no taste. dama (aunt) is a calling to middle-aged women, but now it especially refers to the chinese women who buy large amount of gold when gold tumbled recently.these two words are likely to be include in the new oxford english dictionary. until now, about 1