[最新推出]2008年考研英語(yǔ)小作文過(guò)關(guān)百分百（完全解.doc

2008年考研英語(yǔ)小作文過(guò)關(guān)百分百私人和公務(wù)信函-概述書(shū)信是日常生活中常用的文體，是用以交涉事宜、傳達(dá)信息、交流思想、聯(lián)絡(luò)感情、增進(jìn)了解的重要工具。書(shū)信一般可分為商務(wù)信件或公函（BusinessLetterorOfficialCorrespondence）和私人信件（PrivateLetter）兩大類(lèi)。值得注意的是，英語(yǔ)書(shū)信的寫(xiě)法與漢語(yǔ)書(shū)信有一些明顯區(qū)別，應(yīng)特別加以區(qū)分。英語(yǔ)書(shū)信通常包括下面幾個(gè)組成部分：信端、信內(nèi)地址、稱(chēng)呼、正文、結(jié)束語(yǔ)、簽名、附件、再啟等。下面我們將逐個(gè)進(jìn)行介紹。關(guān)于發(fā)信日期的寫(xiě)法，應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：年份應(yīng)完全寫(xiě)出，不能簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)。月份要用英文名稱(chēng)，不要用數(shù)字代替。月份名稱(chēng)多用公認(rèn)的縮寫(xiě)式。但May,June,July,因?yàn)檩^短，不可縮寫(xiě)。寫(xiě)日期時(shí)，可用基數(shù)詞1，2，3，4，5，28，29，30，31等，也可用序數(shù)詞lst,2nd,3rd,4th,5th,28th,29th,30th,31lst等。但最好用基數(shù)詞，簡(jiǎn)單明了。日期可有下列幾種寫(xiě)法：Oct.20,200410May.,20043rdJune,2004Sept.16th,2004其中，最為通用。3.稱(chēng)呼（Salutation）給外國(guó)人寫(xiě)英文信時(shí)，稱(chēng)呼用語(yǔ)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：對(duì)沒(méi)有頭銜的男性一般稱(chēng)呼Mr.。Mr.用在姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前，不可只用在名字之前，例如對(duì)的稱(chēng)呼，應(yīng)該是：Mr.或Mr.White,不可是：Mr.Phil。若稱(chēng)呼多個(gè)男性，則在姓名前用Mr.的復(fù)數(shù)形式Messrs.。對(duì)一般以人名為名稱(chēng)的公司和企業(yè)常用這種稱(chēng)呼，例如：Messrs.BlackandBrothers布萊克兄弟公司。對(duì)女性一般稱(chēng)呼Mrs.，Madam或Miss。Mrs.用在已婚女子的丈夫的姓氏之前，或姓氏和名字之前，一般不用在名字前Madame此詞可以單獨(dú)使用或加在丈夫的姓名之前Mrs.沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。若稱(chēng)呼多個(gè)女性，則在姓名前用Mme.的復(fù)數(shù)形式Mmes.而對(duì)以女子名字為名稱(chēng)的公司、企業(yè)可用Mesdames稱(chēng)呼。Miss多用于未婚女子，此詞可縮寫(xiě)為Ms，用于姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前，一般不用于名字之前。對(duì)收信人的稱(chēng)呼，也可用頭銜或職位的名稱(chēng)，不分性別。例如Professor（縮寫(xiě)為Prof.），Doctor（縮寫(xiě)為Dr.），General(縮寫(xiě)為Gen.)。這些稱(chēng)呼都放在姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前，如Prof.（Phil）White等。對(duì)外公函中對(duì)收信人的稱(chēng)呼，可用Gentlemen（而不是Gentleman），DearSir(s)和MydearSir(s)等。Gentlemen之前不能加Dear，后面也不能帶姓名。用Sirs時(shí)，前面常用Dear一詞，但也可單獨(dú)用Sir。若收信人是婦女，則無(wú)論已婚或未婚，都可單獨(dú)使用Madam或其復(fù)數(shù)Mesdames。對(duì)外國(guó)高級(jí)官員的稱(chēng)呼，如國(guó)家元首、政府首腦、部長(zhǎng)、大使、公使和特使等，可用（Dear）Sir，（Dear）Mr.Chairman，（Dear）Mr.Premier，（Mydear）Mr.Ambassador，YourExcellency（復(fù)數(shù)為Excellencies）。對(duì)君主制國(guó)家的國(guó)王和皇帝等男性君主，可以Sir稱(chēng)呼，對(duì)女王、女皇和皇后等女性君主，可用Madam稱(chēng)呼。有時(shí)也用YourMajesty稱(chēng)呼以表示?？蜌夂妥鹁碮ourMajesty可兼指男性和女性，其復(fù)數(shù)為YourMajesties。對(duì)王室成員，如太子、王子、親王和公主等，一般可用（Dear）Sir或（Dear）Madam但在正式尊稱(chēng)時(shí)，一般用YourHighness(復(fù)數(shù)為Highnesses)。收信人稱(chēng)呼先生（男人）Mr./Esq.夫人（已婚）Mrs.小姐（未婚）Miss夫人、小姐統(tǒng)稱(chēng)Ms.夫婦倆人Mr.andMrs.兩位或兩位以上男子Messrs兩位或兩位以上女子（已婚）Mesdames兩位或兩位以上小姐（未婚）Misses常見(jiàn)的頭銜（漢英對(duì)照）如下：教授Professor博士Doctor(Dr.,Ph.D.)醫(yī)學(xué)博士MedicalDoctor(M.D.)總統(tǒng)或校長(zhǎng)President主席或董事長(zhǎng)Chairman副主席或副董事長(zhǎng)ViceChairman副總統(tǒng)或副校長(zhǎng)VicePresident首相PrimeMinister總理Premier省長(zhǎng)或州長(zhǎng)Governor市長(zhǎng)Mayor參議員Senator大使Ambassador秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)SecretaryGeneral一秘FirstSecretary二秘SecondSecretary院長(zhǎng)Director,Dean副院長(zhǎng)ViceDirector系主任Dean,Head,Chair館長(zhǎng)ChiefLibrarian,Curator閣下Excellency神甫Father4.信的正文（BodyoftheLetter）信的正文每段第一行應(yīng)往右縮進(jìn)約四五個(gè)字母。在寫(xiě)事務(wù)性信件時(shí)，正文一般開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)單明了，條理清楚。在寫(xiě)私人信件時(shí)，信寫(xiě)好之后若有什么遺漏，可用P.S.表示補(bǔ)敘。5.結(jié)束語(yǔ)（ComplimentaryClose）結(jié)束語(yǔ)是寫(xiě)信人表示自己對(duì)收信人的一種謙稱(chēng)，只占一行，低于正文一二行，從信紙的中間或偏右的地方開(kāi)始寫(xiě)。第一個(gè)詞的開(kāi)頭字母要大寫(xiě)，末尾用逗號(hào)。結(jié)束語(yǔ)視寫(xiě)信人與收信人的關(guān)系而定。私人和公務(wù)信函-常用句式常用的起首語(yǔ)有：1）ThankyouforyourletterdatedDec.22,1969.2)ManythanksforyourletterofSept.5，1997.3)AthousandthanksforyourkindletterofJune5,1997.4)YourkindletterofNovember22tharrivedthismorning.5)Yourletterwhicharrivedthismorninggavemegreatcomfort.6)Inreplytoyourletterdated4thJuly,Iwanttosay7)ThankyouverymuchforyourletterofAugust2andthegiftyousentmeonChristmasEve.8)WhatatreattoreceiveyourkindletterofMay5th!9)Itisalwaysathrilltoseeyournicehandwriting.10)FirstofallImustthankyouforyourkindassistanceandhighattentiontome.11)WithgreatdelightIlearnfromyourletterofthisSundaythat14)Iamverymuchpleasedtoinformyouthatmyvisittoyourcountryhasbeenapproved.15)Iwishtoapplyforteachingpositionyouareoffering.16)Iamtooexcitedanddelightedatyourgoodnews.17)Iamveryobligedto；youforyourwarmcongratulations.常用的結(jié)束語(yǔ)有：1）Awaitingyourgoodnews,2)Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply,3)Hopingtohearfromyousoon,4)Weawaityourgoodnews.5)Ihopetohearfromyouverysoon.6)Welookforwardtoyourreplyatyourearliestconvenience.7)IlookforwardtoournextmeetingthereinLosAngeles.8)Yourearlyreplywillbehighlyappreciated.9)Anyotherparticularswantedweshallbepleasedtosendyou.10)Thehelpyougivemeissincerelyvalued.11)Ihopeeverythingwillbewellwithyou.12)Pleaseletusknowifyouwantmoreinformation.13)Ihopeyoualwaysenjoyyourself.14)Iwishyouverysuccessinthecomingyear.15)Pleaseremembermetoyourfamily.16)Withbestregardstoyourfamily.17)Allthebest.18)Withloveandgoodwishes.私人和公務(wù)信函-分類(lèi)舉例-私人介紹信例1Directions:OneofyourclassmatesandfriendsLiFangwillgotoauniversityinNewYorktostudyforseveralmonths.PleasewritealettertoanAmericanfriendinNewYorkandintroduceLiFangtohim/her.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearMrsMark，IamgivingMissFangLi,aclassmateofmine,thisnoteofintroductiontoyouandMr.Mark,whenshegoestovisitNewYorkCity.MissLiismygoodfriend.Sheisinvitedbyauniversitytostudythereforafewmonths.Sheisakindyounglady.Ibelieveyouwillenjoymeetingandknowingeachotherandbecomefriends.Itismyhopethatyouwillkindlyinvitehertostayinyourhouseforafewdays.KindregardsVeryaffectionately,鬃譢*Itismyhopethat.是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，意同Ihopethat.stayinyourhouse表示在你家小住。例2Directions:YourfriendMaryBrownwillgotoWashingtonD.C.nextmonth.Write ；alettertoTonywhoisthereandintroduceMarytohim.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearTony,ThisletterwillintroducemybestfriendMaryBrownofwhomyouveoftenheardmemention.SheisgoingtobeinWashingtonD.C.nextmonthtolecture.Iwantverymuchtohavehermeetyouthere.Andthisseemslikeanexcellentchanceforyoutomeeteachother.Ithinkbothofyouwillhavealotincommon.SofarasIknow,youbothareinterestedinmodernliterature.Onceyoumeether,youwillreallyenjoyhercompany.Anykindnesstoherwillbedulyappreciatedbyme.Yoursaffectionately,鬃譢*這是一個(gè)向朋友介紹朋友的介紹信。Tony和Mary都是寫(xiě)信人的朋友，在他看來(lái)，他們志同道合，有共同愛(ài)好，所以希望他們相識(shí)，信中說(shuō)“youbothareinterestedinmodernliteratureonceyoumeether,youwillreallyenjoyhercompany”。私人和公務(wù)信函-分類(lèi)舉例-應(yīng)聘信（AcceptingRequestforanInterview）例1Directions:Youhavejustreceivedaletterfromacompany,whichrepliedyourapplicationforajobandaskedyoutogototheinterviewonAugust30.Pleasewriteareplywhichisabout100wordsandyoudonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearMr.Wang,ThankyouforyourreplyofAugust20aboutmyapplicationforaposition.Itcametohandthismorningasapleasantsurprise.IamgladtotellyouthatIwillattendtheinterviewatthetimeyousetforthemorningofAugust30.Iwillbringalongfulldetailsofmytestimonialsasyousuggested.Iwouldliketointroducemyselftothecompanyandhopetobeamemberofit.Iwouldcertainlysparenoefforttoacquitmyselftoyoursatisfaction.Yoursrespectfully,鬃譢*cometohand表示收到。set表示設(shè)定時(shí)間。sparenoeffort不遺余力。私人和公務(wù)信函-分類(lèi)舉例-推薦信(LettersofRecommendation)例1Directions:Youarepreparingtointroduceyourstudenttosb.Writealetterabout100wordsandexpressyouropinionclearly.1)whattherefereewanttoobtain2)thereasonyouwanttointroducehimorher.3)theopinionandsuggestionofyourself.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearProfessorSmith,ItismypleasuretorecommendmystudentMr.WangGangforadmissiontoyourdepartmentforpursuingamasterdegreeinaccounting.IamengagedinaccountingteachingatauniversityinBeijingChina,IenjoymyworkandallofmyChinesestudents,whoaresocleverandfriendly.HoweverMr.WangGangexcelsalmostanyothers.HeisnotonlyoutstandinginthefieldofaccountingbutalsogiftedfortheEnglishlanguage,forheseemstounderstandalmosteverywordIsayinclass.Asconcernashispersonality,Ifindhimhonest,responsible,andcooperative.Ibetyoulllikehimtoo.Irecommendhimenthusiastically.IfyouneedfurtherinformationregardingMr.WangGnag,donothesitatetocontactme.Bestregards,Sincerelyyours,鬃譢*beengagedin表示從事（工作），asconcernas關(guān)于、提及例2Directions:Youareaskedtowritearecommendationofyourstudentforapositionofmarketingclerkabout100wordspleaseexpressyourreasonclearly.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearMr.Manager,IamwritingthislettertorecommendatemystudentWangGangwhoisseekingthepositionofmarketingclerkofyourcompany.Hesaysyouaresatisfiedwithhispresentationattheinterviewandrequirerecommendationtobeattachedtohisexceptionalacademicperformanceinthecollege.Ashispoliticalinstructor,IthinkMr.Wangiswellqualifiedforthepositionheseeks.Healwaysranksamongthetopfiveinhisgrade,haspassedCET-6andobtainsacertificateofintermediatecomputerskills.Mr.Wangisastudious,selfless,andaspiringyoungman,andheisawardedthetitleofThreeGoodActivistbythecollegeeveryyear.Ibelieveheisagoodcandidateworthyofyourconsideration.Yoursincerely,鬃譢*interview即面試，bewellqualified表示完全具有資格、很合格例3Directions:Youaregoingtowritearecommendationforsb.asyouwillintroducehimorherajob.Pleaseexpressyourideaclearlyabout100words.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearSirs,ItakedelightinrecommendingMrWangGangtotheEducationDepartmentofyouruniversity.MrWangisaconscientiousandstrong-mindedyoungman.HewasfirsttrainedfortwoyearsinBeijingNormalUniversityandassignedtoworkasahighschoolteacher.Hisdesire,however,wastoinstructEnglishinauniversity.ThenheenteredtheBeijingInstituteofEducationtostudyEnglishforanothertwoyears.Hisacademicrecordwasexceptionallygood,especiallyinAmericanliteraturecourse.Now,Hehasgraduatedfromtheinstituteandhopestostudyfurtherabroad,whichwillbenefithisfutureemploymentprospectandmayhelpfulfilhisdesire.Ishouldappreciateitverymuchifyouwouldconsiderhim.Yourssincerely鬃譢*takedelightin表示很樂(lè)于（做某事）。例4Directions:Yourareaskedtowritearecommendationforastudent.Pleasegiveyoursuggestionsandexpressyouropinionsclearlyabout100words.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.ToProfessorZhang,IhavethepleasureofwritingthisletterofrecommendationforMr.LiMing,whoisastudentofmine.HewishestobeconsideredanapplicantfortheMScourseofbiologyatyourcollege.Mr.Wangisagiftedyoungman.Hehasdevotedhishearttohisstudyandresearch.NotonlyhasheobtainedAsinallmajorsubjectareas,buthehasalsopublishedseveralarticlesintheschooljournal,illustratinghisoriginalityandhisdeepunderstandingofscience.Forhiscompetence,heisrespectedbyeveryonewhoknowshim.Ifeelsurethat,ifheisacceptedbyyourcollege,hewillbeabletodevelophistalenttoitsfullestpotential.Isincerelyhopeyouwillgivehimfavorableconsideration.Yourscordially,鬃譢*推薦信經(jīng)常使用一些褒獎(jiǎng)的形容詞來(lái)描述被推薦人。以下是一些常用的描述品行和能力的詞語(yǔ)，供大家參考：bright, ；clever,capable,gifted,talented,ingenious,outstanding,prominent,diligent,assiduous,industrious,conscientious,hardworking,humorous,good-humored,cooperative,compromising,competent,original,innovative,ambitious,creative,original,innovative,inventive,imaginative,firm,persistent,persevering,resourceful,kind-hearted,generous,honest,helpful,cheerful,considerate,devoted,dedicated,committed,promising,farbeyondtheaverageperson等。以上各詞應(yīng)根據(jù)語(yǔ)意選擇，但不要過(guò)于堆砌。私人和公務(wù)信函-分類(lèi)舉例-祝賀信（LettersofCongratulation）例1Directions:Pleasewritealetterofabout100wordstocongratulateyourfriendLiMing,whodidwellinthepassedcollegeentranceexamandhasbeenenrolledinPekingUniversity.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearMing,WeareveryhappytoknowthatyouhavesuccessfullypassedthecollegeentranceexaminationthisyearandhavebeenadmittedintoPekingUniversity.Allowustogiveourmostsincerecongratulationsonthisexcitingoccasion.Youhaveallalongbeenworkinghardatyourprofessionalstudies,andyouareexcellentinmostsubjects.Yoursuccessshowsthatonlyhardworkcanyieldgoodresults.Wetakethisopportunitytoexpressourbestwishestoyou.Wishyougreaterachievementsinyourcollegeeducation.Yourscordially,鬃譢*對(duì)朋友高考勝利的祝賀信應(yīng)包括對(duì)其所付出努力的肯定，對(duì)其成績(jī)的祝賀和對(duì)未來(lái)的祝福。例2Directions:YourfriendStevenandJennyhavejusthadanewbabyboy.Pleasewritealetterofabout100wordstocongratulatethem.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.Dear ；Jenny:Howhappyyoumustbetohaveabeautifulnewbabyboy.Thehappinessinmyheartisjustthesamewithyou.Nowyouveexperiencedthejoythatonlyanewmotherknowsasherbabyisputintoherarmsforthefirsttime.Iamsurethatthelittlestrangermustlooklikehisfatherandsomeyearslaterhewillbeasmartfellow.MaytheyearsaheadbefilledwithgoodhealthandgoodfortuneforyouandStevenandyourlittleWhats-his-name.Bestwishestoallofyou!Verysincerelyyours,鬃譢*慶賀孩子出生的信一般都寫(xiě)給孩子的母親例3Directions:YourhighschoolclassmateZhanghonghasjustgraduatedfromCambridgeUniversity.Pleasewritealettertocongratulateher.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearZhanghong:Howtimeflies!HereyouaregraduatingfromCambridgeUniversityandplanningtofindajobinacomputercooperationintheUnitedStates.Congratulationsonthejobwelldonewhileatuniversityandgoodlucktoyouduringyournewcareer.Iwishyousuccessinallyourundertakingsandhopeyoullfindyourcareerasourceofgreatjoyandhappiness.Anytimewhenyoucomebackhome,Iwishyouwouldcometomyplace.Then,wemayrecallourhighschoollife.EverythingwillbewellwithyouIbelieve.Sincerelyyours,鬃譢*寫(xiě)作時(shí)要充分挖掘?qū)дZ(yǔ)中的有效信息，特別是highschoolclassmate等細(xì)節(jié)信息。例4Directions：BillgotaDoctorateinliteratureforTsinghuaUniversity.Writealettertocongratulatehim.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearBill,IgotthenewsfromMikethatyouhavereceivedaDoctorateinliteraturefromTsinghuaUniversity.Icongratulateyouforthis.Tohavereachedthismilestoneinyourscholarshipatayoungageisreallygreat.Itmeans,Ibelieve,yearsofassiduousstudyandhardworkonyourpart.Anditisanachievementyoucanbewellproudof.Asyourbestfriend,Ihopeyoucanreachhigherlevelinyourstudyanddomorecontributiontothesociety.Mybestwishestoyou!Sincerely,鬃譢*朋友年輕有為，獲得博士學(xué)位，應(yīng)該祝賀。正如信中所說(shuō)，這一成就是“多年來(lái)刻苦學(xué)習(xí)和努力工作的結(jié)果”（yearsofassiduousstudyandhardwork）。英文有一句成語(yǔ)：Nosweetnosweat.世界上不勞有獲的事情是沒(méi)有的。例5Directions:WritealetterofcongratulationtoafriendwhowinthescholarshipinTsinghuaUniversity.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearJiang,ItakegreatpleasureinsendingcongratulationstoyouonyourwinningthescholarshiptotheTsinghuaUniversityofAmericanliterature.WhileImnotalittlesurprised,Imallhappytogetthegoodnews.Iknowyouhavegotexcellentmarksforallthecoursesyoutook.Itisgreattoknowthatyouhaveachievedthegoalyousetforyourself.Itisanawardthatyourichlydeserve.Imreallyproudofyou.Warmestcongratulations.Cordiallyyours,鬃譢*這是一封祝賀信。字詞之間流露出祝賀的誠(chéng)意，如“greatpleasure”，“notalittlesurprise”，“great”例6Directions:YouhavejustfoundanarticleaboutyourfriendJimssuccessinresearchonJinghuanewspaper.Writealettertohimtocongratulatehim.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearJim,WeareveryhappytolearnfromtodaysJinghuanewspaperthegreatnewsofyoursuccessApaperonTeachingTheory.Youcantimagehowpleasedweare.Itisawell-deservedrecognitionofyourremarkablework.Weareluckyinhavingyouamongourfriends,andwearesoproudofyouandhappyforyou.Pleaseacceptourwarmestcongratulations.Yourscordially,鬃譢*寫(xiě)作中應(yīng)擅用破折號(hào)，以達(dá)到簡(jiǎn)單明了的目的。Itisarecognitionof表示這是對(duì)某人某事的認(rèn)同和肯定。私人和公務(wù)信函-分類(lèi)舉例-求助信(LettersofAskingforHelp)例1Directions:YouwanttostudyfurtherforaMastersdegreeandyouarepreparingfortheentranceexam.SinceyouhavedifficultyinEnglish,youshouldwritealetteraround100wordstoaskforhelpfromyourgoodfriendFang.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearFang,IamsorrythatIhavetoaskafavourofyou,withthehopethatyouwillbekindtohelpme.IhavebeenlongingtoapplyfortheentranceexaminationforMAcandidatesforalongtimebecauseIwanttopursueadvancedstudies.UnfortunatelyIfindmyselffarfromtherequiredstandard,especiallymyverypoorEnglish.Atthismoment,thepersonalfriendshipleadsmetoapproachyouwiththerequest,whetheryoucanmanagetogivemesomeconstructiveguidance.Ipromisetobeadiligentstudent.Ifyouagree,Iwillcometoyourhouseonceaweekatatimemostconvenienttoyou.Thankyouverymuchforyourkindhelponmanyoccasionsinthepast.Yourfriend, ；鬃譢*Thankyouverymuchforyourkindhelponmanyoccasionsinthepast.多次承你幫忙，不勝感激！例2Directions:Supposeyouareaseniormajoredinphysicsandplantostudyfurtherabroad.Pleasewritealetterofabout100wordstoprofessorLiandaskhimtowriteareferenceforyoutoaU.S.university.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearprofessorLi,IamaundergraduatefromtheDepartmentofphysicsandIfortunatelytookamajorcourseonwhichyoulectured.Yourlessonsimpressedmedeeply.Asasenior,Ifacethechoicebetweenhuntingforajobandcontinuingtostudy.IprefertoapplyforachancetopursueaMastersdegreeabroad.IhavetakenrequiredEnglishexamsandgotexcellentscores.Whatsmore,Ihavefinishedmypersonalstatement,whichisattachedtothisletter.Imnowwritingtoaskifyoucanwriteareferenceforme,whichwillgreatlyfacilitatemyadmissionintoaU.S.university.Bestwishesforyourhealth.YourStudent,鬃譢*在請(qǐng)求別人寫(xiě)推薦信時(shí)應(yīng)寫(xiě)明自己的目的和打算，并為對(duì)方提供相關(guān)信息。例3Directions:YouplantoapplyforadmissiontoHarvardUniversity.YouwantMrBlackhelpyouwithmoney.Writealettertohimtotellhim.1)Thereasonforyourletter.2)Thesumofmoney3)HowyoumakeyourlivingintheU.S.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearMr.Black，IhaveappliedforadmissiontoHarvardUniversity.AsIhavenorelativesintheUnitedStatesandIhavenoenoughmoneyforthetuition.Imustfindafinancialguarantor.Youknow,inapplyingforastudentvisa,anaffidavittosupportmustbesubmittedfromanindividualwhowillassurethisopportunity.ItplaysanimportantroleformychancetoentertheHarvardUniversity.Couldyoudomeafavortobemyfinancialguarantor.IfIreallyhavethechanceofcomingtotheU.S.,Iwillundertakepart-timeemploymenttocoverallthelivingexpenses.Pleasewritetomesoon.Yourssincerely,鬃譢*出國(guó)留學(xué)需要有人經(jīng)濟(jì)擔(dān)保。如果是到美國(guó)留學(xué)，那么你的美國(guó)友人要填寫(xiě)一份擔(dān)保書(shū)（affidavitofsupport），保證你在美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)期間的學(xué)費(fèi)和生活費(fèi)用。例4Directions:Youarepreparingtoaskforsomehelpfromyourteacher,writealetterthat:1)detailwhatyouwantheorshedoforyou.2)expressyourthankstoyourteacher.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.DearMsWang,Imakeboldtowritethislettertoaskyoutodomeafavour.IhavetriedtotranslateseveralshortchinesestoriesintoEnglishforapart-timejob.Asitisthefirsttimeformetodoatranslationwork,IthinktheremustbemanyerrorsandawkwardexpressionsofChineseEnglishformylackofexperiences.Isincerelyhopethatyouwouldreadovermymanuscriptsandcorrectmymistakesandsociolisms.Alsocouldyoupleasegivemesomeothersuggestionsonmytranslationwork.Thankyouforyourhelpwithgreatrespect!Yourfaithfulstudent,鬃譢*.請(qǐng)人幫忙除了通常所說(shuō)的askforhelp,也可以用dosbafavour來(lái)表達(dá)。表示很誠(chéng)懇地希望什么時(shí)，可用句型“Isincerelyhopethat”私人和公務(wù)信函-分類(lèi)舉例-求職信(LettersofApplyingforAJob)求職信的內(nèi)容一般包括以下部分：1）寫(xiě)信的緣由；2）個(gè)人情況簡(jiǎn)介，例如；年齡、性別、文化程度、工作經(jīng)歷、工作技能、個(gè)人專(zhuān)長(zhǎng)等；3）推薦人或證明人姓名以供錄用方查詢(xún)；4）約定面試時(shí)間。通常隨求職信附上個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷和兩三封推薦信。例1Directions:Youare鬃,antobegraduatefromJiLinUniversity,majoringinEnglish.Writealettertoacompanyapplyingforaposition,Yourlettershouldinclude1)anintroductionofyourself.2)yourqualificationfortheposition.3)askingforaninterview.Youshouldwrite100wordsorso,youdontneedtowritetheaddress.DearSirs,IamagraduateefromJilinUniversityofForeignLanguageInstitute.AsastudentofEnglishforBusiness,Ihopetoworkinaforeigncompanyaftergraduation.Inthepastfouracademicyears,IhaveprovedmyselftobeastraightAstudent,awardedasuccessionofscholarships.MyEnglishisparticularlygoodandGermanhappenstobemysecondforeignlanguage,whichwillliveuptotherequirementssetbyawholly-ownedforeigncompanylikeyours.Iapplyforthepositionofassistantto ；yourmarketingprojectmanager.Youwillfindmeagoodteamplayer,self-motivatedandeagertolearn.IbelieveIcanbeofvaluetoyourcompany.Ishouldbeveryhappyifyouwouldarrangeaninterviewwithme.yourssincerely,鬃譢*Liveupto符合arrangeaninterview安排面試?yán)?Directions:Youareaseniorofcomputerscience.YoudliketobeaninternforanITcompany.Writealettertopresentyourwillings:Youshouldclear:1)youreducationbackground.2)yourpurposeofbeinganintern.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddontneedtowritetheaddress.Dearsirs,IamaseniorofcomputerscienceinBeijingUniversityofTechnology.Iwouldliketoworkasaninterninyourcompany.AsIhaveawideinterestincomputer,Iwilldowhateverjobassignedtome,insoftwaredevelopmentorintechnicalsupport.OneofmyadvantagesisthatIamabletoworkconscientiouslyunderpressure.Themorechallengingmytaskis,thebetteritwillbedone.Mymainpurposeisjust ；toputintopracticewhatIhavelearnedfromtheclassroominthepastfewyearsandtolearnaboutmyownabilityinpracticalwork.Remunerationisnotyettakenintoconsideration.Iamenclosingaresumeandlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.Yoursrespectfully,鬃譢*putintopractice付諸實(shí)踐例3Directions:SupposeyougraduatesfromBusinessSchoolofPekingUniversity.Pleasewritealettertoadirectorandapplyforachanceoffurtherstudy.Thenumberofwordsisnolessthan100wordsandyoudontneedtowritetheaddress.DearMr.Director,IaminterestedinyourgraduateProgramofInternationalManagement.IhavejustgraduatedfromtheBusinessSchoolofPekingUniversity,holdingabachelordegreeandawardedtheTitleofExcellentStudent.Ishouldbemostobligedtoyouifyouwouldsendmeyourcatalogueandnecessaryapplicationformsatyourearliestconvenience.EnclosedpleasefindmyresumeattestingtomyoutstandingacademicperformanceattheBusinessSchoolofPekingUniversity.Thankyouforyourconsideration.Yourssincerely,鬃譢*這是一封本科畢業(yè)生寫(xiě)給研究生導(dǎo)師的信，把它歸入求職信是因?yàn)槎咴趯?xiě)法上基本上是一致的。例4Directions:Writeanapplicationforemployment.Theapplicationshouldbepresentedthedetailsofyourpersonalreferences.Youshouldwriteabout100words.APPLICATIONFOREMPLOYMENTPOSITIONAPPLIEDManagerAsistantAVAILABILITYTOCOMMENCEJuly1st,2004NAME鬃譢ADDRESSNo.8SuzhouStreet,Beijing.TELEPHONE86010鬃鬃鬃E-MAILSEXMaleHEIGHT175cmDATEOFBIRTHDec.12,1981MARITALSTATUSNONAMEOFSPOUSENOHISORHEROCCUPATIONNOEDUCATIONMasterNAMEOFSCHOOLBeijing,ForeignLanguageDURATIONOFSTUDIES2001.92003.7MAJOREnglishDEGREEOBTAINEDMasterofEnglishArtEMPLOYMENTRECORDAForeignCompanyCOMPANYNAMENeoCompanyEMPLOYEDFROM2003.7TO2004.7POSITIONHELDsecretaryGROSSSALARYPERMONTH3.000RMBREASONFORLEAVINGHopingformorechallengesandchances*工作申請(qǐng)表一般包括申請(qǐng)人最基本的信息且言簡(jiǎn)意賅，多用省略句。例5Directions：Pleasewritealetterofabout100wordstoauniversitytoapplyforateachingpost.YouShouldnotwritetheaddress.DearSirs,IamsendingyoumyresumeforconsiderationofacceptancetoteachEnglishwithinyourUniversitythiscomingsummerorFall/Wintersemesters.Idohavehighqualificationswithmuchrelatedexperience.IfyourUniversityhasaneedinmyfieldofexpertise,Iwouldbeveryhappytodiscussanypossibilities.Pleasefeelfreetocall,faxorwritemeattheaddressbelow.Thankssomuchforreceivingmyresume.IbelieveIwillbeabletohearfromyousoon.Ifforsomereasonsyoucurrentlydonothaveanyavailablepositions,pleasekeepmeonfileformyfutureavailability.Sincerely,鬃譢*求職信的末尾可寫(xiě)上如果不予聘用，可將本人納入備選檔案。例6Directions:YouareapplyingforapositionofteachingEnglishasasecondlanguagetoaUniversity.Writealetteraboutthis.Youshouldwritenolessthan100wordsandtheaddressisnotnecessary.DearSirs,IwouldliketoapplyforanypositionofteachingEnglishasasecondlanguagethatbecomeavailableinthesemesterof2003.Iaaprofessionalartistandhavetaughtattheuniversitylevel.Chineseartisspecialinteresttome,andItookanintroductoryclassinFarEasternArtsbeforecompletingmyMastersdegree.IfnopositionisavailableteachingEnglishasasecondlanguage,IcouldcontributebyteachingcoursesintherecenthistoryofWesternart.Ienclosedmyresume,whichindicatesmyteachingexperienceandmyworkwithpeopleofvariousbackgrounds.Thankyouforyourconsideration.Sincerely,鬃譢*此文指出了在最優(yōu)選擇之外提供其它選擇的表達(dá)法。例7Directions:Youarepreparingforaapplicationbecauseyouwanttogetapositioninacompany.Pleasewritetheletterinabout100words.Youdontneedtowritetheaddress.DearMr.Director,Ihavelearnedfromthenewspapersthatyouareemployinganadministrativesecretary.Iamveryinterestedinthisposition.IhaveworkedasanadministrativesecretaryforaeconomiccompanyinBeijingforthreeyears,soIhavesomeunderstandingofthecounting.IgraduatedfromPekingUniversity,holdingabachelordegree. ；HavingobtainedcertificatesofCET-4andCET-6,IfindmyselffluentinbothspokenandwrittenEnglish.Inaddition,Iamalsoquitefamiliarwithcomputerskills.Enclosedpleasefindmyresume.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yourssincerely,鬃譢*你申請(qǐng)某公司的職位，一定要對(duì)這家公司有一定的了解，尤其要注意它所提出的各項(xiàng)要求。例如，公司對(duì)英語(yǔ)和電腦有所要求，寫(xiě)信人就說(shuō)自己已經(jīng)通過(guò)大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)和六級(jí)，并且熟悉電腦。最后還附上簡(jiǎn)歷。這樣寫(xiě)法對(duì)求職是十分有利的。例8Directions:Youareapplyingforthepostofprogrammerinacompany.Yourlettershouldinclude:1)yourcurrentsituation2)yourreasonsforapplying.Youshouldwritenolessthan100wordsanddontneedtowritetheaddress.DearSir/Madam,WithreferencetoyouradvertisementinGuangzhouDailyon20May2004,Iamwritingtoexpressmyinterestinapplyingforthecaptionedpost.IampresentlyaprogrammeratSuccessSecurities.Ltd,andmy2-yearcontractwillexpiresoon.ByapplyingforthepostIamlookingforwardtoswitchingtoalarger,moresophisticatedandmorecomputerizedcompanysothatIcanenrichmyprofessionalknowledge.Iamconfidentthatmy2-yearsolidexperiencewillenablemetomeetthechalleng