人教版八年級英語下冊unit5whatwereyoudoingwhentherainstormcame？短語、語法知識點匯總

一、必背短語Section A 部分1.在的時候at the time of2.（鬧鐘）響鈴go off3.接（電話）pick up4. 進人夢鄉(xiāng)；睡著fall asleep 5.拍打beat against 6. 確信；確認make sure 7. 逐漸變弱；逐漸消失die down8. 醒來wake up 9. 一團糟in a mess 10. 使分離break apart11.錯過公交車miss the bus12.洗熱水澡take a hot showerSection B 部分1. 在路邊by the side of the road2. 走路經過walk by3. 在某人去的路上make ones way to 4.歷史上的重大事件important events in history5. 沉默；無聲in silence6.最近地；新近more recently7.拆除；摧毀take down8.對有意義have meaning to9. 記得做過某事remember doing sth.10. 首先；最初at first11.實話說to tell the truth12.其余的，其他的the rest of【教材內容解析】Section A1. What were you doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm? (P. 33)此句是過去進行時，表示過去某個時候正在發(fā)生的動作，結構為：was/were doing sth.。They were watching TV at nine oclock last night.2. My alarm didnt go off so.(P. 34)go off此處表示“發(fā)出響聲”，還可以表示“爆炸、離開、停止運轉”。The alarm went off at 7 a.m. yesterday.A bomb went off just now. Danny decided go off on his own. 3. I called at seven and you didnt pick up. (P. 34)pick up意為“接電話”，相當于answer the phone。Why dont you pick up/answer the phone?【拓展】pick up還可以表示“撿起、開車接送”。My pen is under your desk. Can you pick it up for me?Can you pick me up at the station?4. I called again at eight and you didnt answer then either. (P. 34)also, too, as well與either都可以表示“也”，但是用法不同。also放在句中行為動詞前，be動詞、助動詞和情態(tài)動詞之后。He also wants to go.too用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面用逗號隔開。He wants to go, either.as well用于肯定句中，放在句尾，前面不用逗號隔開。He wants to go as well.either用于否定句句末。He doesnt want to go either5. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. (P. 35)(1) with這里用作介詞，表示伴隨狀況，意為“由于、因為”。With John away, theres more room in the house.(2) feel like表示“感覺像、感覺好似”The interview only took ten minutes, but it felt like hours.【拓展】feel like還可以表示“想要”，后接動詞時，用doing的形式。He didnt feel like going swimming.6. Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. (P. 35)make sure意為“確?！?，后接of短語或者that從句。I tried to make sure of the problem.Make sure that no one finds out about it.7. She also put some candles and matches on the table. (P. 35)match此處用作名詞，表示“火柴”。Dont let your children play with matches.【拓展】match用作名詞還可以表示“比賽”，用作動詞，意為“般配”。Our team won the football game.This pair of shoes match your dress well.8. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain began to beat heavily against the windows. (P. 35) (1) beat用作動詞，表示“敲打、拍打”，還可以表示“戰(zhàn)勝、打敗”，賓語是對手。They beat drums to cheer up the players.I beat her at swimming yesterday.(2) against用作介詞，表示“碰、撞”。The rain beat against the windows.【拓展】against用作介詞，還可以表示“倚著、靠著”或者“反對”。The worker put the leader against the wall.We were rowing against the current.They are against building a factory here.9. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. (P. 35) die down意為“逐漸變弱、逐漸消失”。The wind finally died down.10. When he woke up, the sun was rising. (P. 35) (1) wake sb. up意為“把某人喚醒”，wake up意為“醒來”。His mother often wakes him up at 6:00 in the morning.I usually wake up at 6:30.(2) rise(rose, risen, rising)不及物動詞，意為“升起，上升”辨析：rise與raiserise不及物動詞意為“升起，上升”The water in the river rose after the heavy rain.The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.raise及物動詞意為“提高，籌集，抬高，舉起”The worker want the boss to raise their wages（工資）.The teacher asks us to raise our hands if we have questions.We should try our best to raise more money for the poor family.11. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together. (P. 35) break.apart意為“把折斷；把分開”。The strong wind broke the branches apart.Rumors broke the two close friends apart.Section B1. Kate realized her bag was still at home. (P. 37)realize用作及物動詞，意為“理解、領會、意識到”，后接名詞、代詞或者從句作賓語。He didnt realize his mistake.The man laughed when he realized what happened.2. When the school basketball competition started, Kate was still making her way to school. (P. 38)make ones way to意為“前往”，后接表示地點的名詞。We slowly made our way to the mall through the crowd.3. Robert Allen is now over 50, but he was a school pupil at that time. (P. 38)over此處表示“超過、多于”，相當于more than。She stayed in Lagos for over a month.He is over sixty.4. We were eating dinner in the kitchen when we heard the news on the radio. (P. 38)on the radio表示“通過廣播、通過錄音機”，on此處用作介詞，表示“借助、以某種方式”，后常接表示媒介的名詞。She is watching the show on TV.5. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence. (P. 38)(1) rest此處表示“其余的部分”，the rest of意為“其余的、其它的”，后可接可數名詞后者不可數名詞，當在句中作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數與of后面的名詞保持一致，若of后面的名詞是單數可數名詞或者不可數名詞，謂語動詞用單數形式；若of后面的名詞是可數名詞復數，謂語動詞用復數形式。The rest of the money is on the desk.Some of the students are reading in the classroom and the rest of them are on the playground.(2) in silence意為“沉默、無聲”。She stood by the window in silence for a long time.6. More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center in New York was taken down by terrorists. (P. 38)(1) recently用作副詞，意為“近來、最近”，常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。Have you called your mother recently?(2) take down意為“拆除、拆掉”，還可以表示“寫下、記下”。Could you please help me take down this tent?I forgot to take down his telephone number.7. I didnt believe him at first, but then I looked out of the window and realized that it was true. (P. 38)at first意為“起初、起先”，多用于句首或者句尾，暗示與后來的動作或者情況不同，與at last“最后、最終”相對。The work was hard at first, but I got used to it later.8. I was so scared that I could hardly think clearly after that. (P. 38)hardly用作副詞，表示“幾乎不、幾乎沒有”。She hardly ate anything today.There is hardly any milk left in the ridge.9. Kate didnt think her friend was telling the truth about the event. (P. 39)truth用作名詞，表示“實情、事實”，to tell the truth表示“說實話”，放在句中作插入語，用逗號同句子其它成分隔開。I must tell you the truth.【語法講解】過去進行時1. 基本概念：過去進行時表示在過去某一時刻或一段時間內正在進行的動作。這一特定的過去時間除有上下文暗示以外, 一般用時間狀語來表示。2. 結構 was / were ( not ) + 動詞-ing3. 句式肯定式：I/He/She/It was working. We/You/They/ were working.否定式:I/He/She/It was not working.We/You/They/ were not working.疑問式和簡略回答:Was I working? Yes, you were. No, you were not. Were you working? Yes, I was. No, I was not. Was he/she/it working? Yes, he/she/it was. No, he/s