【AS澳大利亞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)】AS 1379-1997 SPECIFICATION AND SUPPLY OF CONCRETE.doc

accessed by university of south australia on 02 jun 2006as 13791997australian standardspecification and supply of concretethe standard is downloaded from standard sharingthis australian standard was prepared by committee bd/49, manufacture ofconcrete. it was approved on behalf of the council of standards australia on22 august 1997 and published on 5 october 1997.the following interests are represented on committee bd/49: ash development association of australiaaustroadsaustralasian slag associationaustralian premixed concrete association cement & concrete association of australia housing industry associationmaster builders australiathe association of consulting engineers, australiauniversity of newcastleaccessed by university of south australia on 02 jun 2006review of australian standards. to keep abreast of progress in industry, australian standards are subject to periodic review and are kept up to date by the issue of amendments or new editions as necessary. it is important therefore that standards users ensure that they are in possession of the latest edition, and any amendments thereto.full details of all australian standards and related publications will be found in the standards australia catalogue of publications; this information is supplemented each month by the magazine the australian standard, which subscribing members receive, and which gives details of new publications, new editions and amendments, and of withdrawn standards.suggestions for improvements to australian standards, addressed to the head office of standards australia, are welcomed. notification of any inaccuracy or ambiguity found in an australian standard should be made without delay in order that the matter may be investigated and appropriate action taken.this standard was issued in draft form for comment as dr 96016.as 13791997australian standardspecification and supply of concreteoriginated as as (e)a502 1941. previous edition as 1379 1991. third edition 1997.incorporating: amdt 12000accessed by university of south australia on 02 jun 2006published by standards australia(standards association of australia)1 the crescent, homebush, nsw 2140isbn 0 7337 1468 43as 1379 1997the standard is downloaded from standard sharingprefacethis standard was prepared by the standards australia committee bd/49, manufacture of concrete. it is intended as a revision of, and to supersede, as 1379 1991, the specification and manufacture of concrete.since its inception in 1941 as as (e)a.502, the document which in 1973 became as 1379 has undergone many significant changes. the most recent were in 1991 when the second edition was revised to expand the scope from the 1973 version and to cover plant-mixed and site-mixed concrete in addition to truck-mixed concrete. it also covered the production of flexural and indirect-tensile strength grades as well as compressive strength grades within and outside the range specified in as 3600 concrete structures.all of the detailed specification, classification, ingredient materials and quality control requirements included in previous editions of as 3600 were incorporated into as 1379 in1991 and deleted from as 3600 in 1994. this was the final step in the process of formulating as 1379 as an independent material/product standard.the logical inclusion of requirements for the use of chemical admixtures and fly ash in the 1991 edition also allowed for the subsequent withdrawal of the codes of practice for these materials and the development of as 3582 as an independent suite of standards for supplementary materials.a growing number of concrete plants are either partially or fully automated with programmable controls and digital readouts. in addition to the traditional single-opening tilting mixers, split-drum and continuous mixers are appearing in concrete plants. both of these developments in plant technology were also covered in the 1991 edition.this editionobjective the objective of this edition is to (a)update the 1991 edition with new and revised reference standards;(b)where possible, improve the appropriateness and clarity of requirements in the light of comments received from users; and(c)align the requirements more closely to the ability of the industry to comply with them.accessed by university of south australia on 02 jun 2006principal changes the principal changes from the 1991 edition are the following, in brief: (a)normal-class concrete (i)introduction of default values for maximum aggregate size and minimum7-day strength; and(ii)changes to cement materials requirements to take account of the revisedstandard as 3972 portland and blended cements and as 3582.3 1994silica fume.(b)mixing water a reduction in the number of impurities requiring separate laboratory testing for their presence.(c)mixer performance clarification when maintenance and repairs are required and the introduction of a reduced uniformity test for some of these aspects.(d)batch production clarification of various aspects including a more detailedtable of tolerances for ingredients other than water and the introduction of alternatives for controlling water.(e)sampling and testing grouping of plants for the purpose of strength determination and chemical content (chlorides and sulfates) has now been separated to reflect the difference in the underlying causes of variations.accessed by university of south australia on 02 jun 2006(f)assessment for compliance with strength requirements section 6 has been radically simplified for production assessment. it now distinguishes only two grade designations, namely controlled grades and associated grades. a single set of sampling and testing frequencies cover the full range of production rates and eliminates problems previously encountered with small production runs and runs that were intermittent, irregular, or both. all this has been achieved without affecting the validity of the statistical basis of the assessment. project assessment has likewise been simplified.(g)special-class concrete appendix b is a new addition, which sets out some different specification options for special-class concrete.a companion document, supplement 1 commentary is also being published, which gives more detailed information and explanations for particular clauses in the standard. it is intended to assist users in gaining a better understanding of the particular requirements and their application to specific circumstances. copyrightstandards australiausers of standards are reminded that copyright subsists in all standards australia publications and software. except where the copyright act allows and except where provided for below no publications or software produced by standards australia may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system in any form or transmitted by any means without prior permission in writing from standards australia. permission may be conditional on an appropriate royalty payment. requests for permission and information on commercial software royalties should be directed to the head office of standards australia.standards australia will permit up to 10 percent of the technical content pages of a standard to be copied for use exclusively in-house by purchasers of the standard without payment of a royalty or advice to standards australia.standards australia will also permit the inclusion of its copyright material in computer software programs for no royalty payment provided such programs are used exclusively in-house by the creators of the programs.care should be taken to ensure that material used is from the current edition of the standard and that it is updated whenever thestandard is amended or revised. the number and date of the standard should therefore be clearly identified.the use of material in print form or in computer software programs to be used commercially, with or without payment, or in commercial contracts is subject to the payment of a royalty. this policy may be varied by standards australia at any time.5as 1379 1997contentspagethe standard is downloaded from standard sharingsection 1 scope and general1.1scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.2referenced documents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61.3other materials, plant or methods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.4definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.5notation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91.6specification of concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101.7methods of ordering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.8basis of supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12section 2 concrete materials and constituent limitations2.1general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.2cement constituents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.3aggregates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.4mixing water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.5chemical admixtures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132.6bulk storage of materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142.7limitations on chemical content of concrete . . . . . . . . . . 14section 3 plant and equipment3.1bins and silos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.2weighing equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 153.3liquid dispensing equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163.4mixers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16section 4 production and delivery4.1general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.2batch production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194.3continuous production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224.4delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225.1general . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235.2slump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235.3strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245.4air content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.5chloride and sulfate content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265.6drying shrinkage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265.77-day strength of normal-class concrete . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 275.8other parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27accessed by university of south australia on 02 jun 2006section 5 sampling and testing of concreteaccessed by university of south australia on 02 jun 2006pagesection 6 sampling, testing and assessment for compliance of concrete specified by compressive strength6.1general requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286.2sampling and testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .286.3production assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .296.4recording and dissemination of productionassessment information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .326.5project assessment of strength grade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .336.6assessment by alternative methods with anaccepted operating characteristic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33appendicesauniformity of mixing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34bguide to the specification of special-class concrete . . . . .3737as 1379 1997the standard is downloaded from standard sharingstandards australiaaustralian standardspecification and supply of concretes e c t i o n1s c o p ea n dg e n e r a l1.1scopethis standard sets out the minimum requirements for(a)the materials, plant and equipment used in the supply of concrete;(b)the production and, if applicable, the delivery of concrete in the plastic state;(c)specifying, sampling, testing and compliance with specified properties of plastic and hardened concrete; and(d)the uniformity of mixing.this standard applies to the supply of all concrete. it is not intended to apply to mortars or grouts.notes:1requirements for mortars for masonry construction are given in as 3700 and the methods for sampling and testing mortars in as 2701.2requirements for grouts to be used for the grouting of prestressing tendons in ducts, are given in as 3600.3it is not intended that this standard should take precedence over existing australianstandards for the manufacture of specific concrete products.4for additional requirements specified by the customer the applicable contract documents should be consulted.1.2referenced documentsthe following documents are referred to in thisstandard:as1012methods of testing concrete1012.1part 1: sampling of fresh concreteaccessed by university of south australia on 02 jun 20061012.2part 2: preparation of concrete mixes in the laboratory1012.3part 3: methodsforthedeterminationofpropertiesrelatedtothe consistence of concrete1012.4part 4: methods for the determination of air content of freshly mixed concrete1012.5part 5: method for determination of mass per unit volume of freshly mixed concrete1012.8part 8: method for making and curing concrete compression, indirect tensile and flexure test specimens in the laboratory or in the field1012.9part 9: method for the determination of the compressive strength of concrete specimens1012.10part 10: method for the determination of indirect tensile strength of concrete cylinders (brazil or splitting test)1012.11part 11: method for the determination of the flexural strength of concrete specimens1012.12part 12: method for the determination of mass per unit volume of hardened concretecopyrightaccessed by university of south australia on 02 jun 20061012.13part 13: determination of drying shrinkage of concrete for samples prepared in the field or in the laboratory1012.18part 18: determination of setting time of fresh concrete, mortar and grout by penetration resistance1012.20part 20: determination of chloride and sulfate in hardened concrete and concrete aggregates1141methods for sampling and testing aggregates1141.6.1part6.1: particledensityandwaterabsorptionofcoarse aggregate weighing-in-water method1141.35part 35: sugar1478chemical admixtures for concrete2701methods of sampling and testing mortar for masonry construction2758aggregates and rock for engineering purposes2758.1part 1: concrete aggregates3582supplementary cementitious materials for use with portland cement3582.1part 1: fly ash3582.2part 2: slag ground granulated iron blast-furnace3582.3part 3: silica fume3600concrete structures3700masonry in buildings (known as the saa masonry code)3972portland and blended cementsas/nzs1580paints and related materials methods of test1580.505.1ph of water-based paintsaphastandardmethodsfortheexaminationofwaterandwastewater: apha/awwa/wef 18th edition, washington; 19925520determination of oil and grease1.3other materials, plant or methodsthis standard shall not be interpreted as preventing the use of materials, plant, equipment, or methods of manufacture not specifically referred to herein.note: where the intended use of the concrete is subject to the control of a building or other regulatory authority, approval for the use of other materials, plant, or methods will need to be obtained from the authority.1.4definitionsfor the purpose of this standard, the definitions below apply.1.4.1agitator an item of plant or equipment which maintains the plasti