2018屆高考英語大一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit5NelsonMandela_amodernhero課時規(guī)范訓(xùn)練新人教版.docx

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero.閱讀理解A(2016高考全國甲卷)A new collection of photos brings an unsuccessful Antarctic voyage back to life.Frank Hurleys pictures would be outstandingundoubtedly firstrate photojournalismif they had been made last week.In fact，they were shot from 1914 through 1916，most of them after a disastrous shipwreck (海難) ，by a cameraman who had no reasonable expectation of survival.Many of the images were stored in an ice chest，under freezing water，in the damaged wooden ship.The ship was the Endurance，a small，tight，Norwegianbuilt threemaster that was intended to take Sir Ernest Shackleton and a small crew of seamen and scientists,27 men in all，to the southernmost shore of Antarcticas Weddell Sea.From that point Shackleton wanted to force a passage by dog sled (雪橇) across the continent.The journey was intended to achieve more than what Captain Robert Falcon Scott had done.Captain Scott had reached the South Pole early in 1912 but had died with his four companions on the march back.As writer Caroline Alexander makes clear in her forceful and wellresearched story The Endurance，adventuring was even then a thoroughly commercial effort.Scotts last journey，completed as he lay in a tent dying of cold and hunger，caught the worlds imagination，and a film made in his honor drew crowds.Shackleton，a onetime British merchantnavy officer who had got to within 100 miles of the South Pole in 1908，started a business before his 1914 voyage to make money from movie and still photography.Frank Hurley，a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew the Antarctic，was hired to make the images，most of which have never before been published.1What do we know about the photos taken by Hurley?AThey were made last week.BThey showed undersea sceneries.CThey were found by a cameraman.DThey recorded a disastrous adventure.2Who reached the South Pole first according to the text?AFrank Hurley.BErnest Shackleton.CRobert Falcon Scott.DCaroline Alexander.3What does Alexander think was the purpose of the 1914 voyage?AArtistic creation.BScientific research.CMoney making.DTreasure hunting.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。1914年到1916年間，一群海員和科學(xué)家踏上了南極探險之路。結(jié)果他們在回來的路上發(fā)生海難，其中一個攝影師在臨死之前拍攝了大量的照片，并把照片封存在破損的木船的冰塊箱里。通過這些照片我們可以了解到那次不太成功的探險經(jīng)歷。1解析：選D。細節(jié)理解題。由題干中的the photos taken by Hurley定位到文章第二段開頭。該段說這些照片即使是上個星期拍的也堪稱佳作，故A項錯誤；該段中還說照片是在一次海難之后拍的，故D項正確；文章沒有說拍攝的是海底景觀，故B項錯誤；拍攝者是攝影師，但沒有說是一名攝影師發(fā)現(xiàn)了這些照片，故C項錯誤。2選C。推理判斷題。由題干中的“第一個到達南極”這條信息定位到第三段。被發(fā)現(xiàn)的照片所展示的這次旅行是為了獲得比Robert Falcon Scott船長先前的探險更大的收獲，該船長在1912年就到達了南極。由此推斷Robert Falcon Scott是最先到達南極的人，故選C項。3選C。細節(jié)理解題。題干的Alexander在最后一段出現(xiàn)，the 1914 voyage指本文談到的Endurance這艘船的探險，該段開頭說，這個作家在她的小說The Endurance中說，在那時，探險就已經(jīng)是純商業(yè)活動(a thoroughly commercial effort)了，因此1914年航行的目的是賺錢(money making)，故選C項。A項“藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作”，B項“科學(xué)調(diào)研”，D項“尋寶”，均未體現(xiàn)。B(2017廣東惠州三調(diào))In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class an assignment to write a report on what they wanted to be when they grew up. She poured her heart into her report and expressed her dream of becoming an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an “F” on it. The teacher told her it was a “fairy tale”. Jean was heartbroken and ashamed. As the years went by, Jean was beaten down by the discouragement and negativity she encountered whenever she talked about her dream.“Girls cant become airline pilots; never have, never will. Youre crazy. Thats impossible.” Finally Jean gave up.In her senior year of high school, her English teacher was Mrs. Dorothy Slaton, a demanding teacher with high standards. One day Mrs. Slaton asked this question：“If you had unlimited finances, unlimited access to the finest schools, unlimited talents and abilities, what would you do？” Jean felt a rush of the old enthusiasm, and with excitement she wrote down the very old dream.The next thing that Mrs. Slaton said changed the course of Jeans life. The teacher leaned forward over her desk and said，“I have a little secret for you. You do have unlimited abilities and talents. When you leave school, if you dont go for your dreams, no one will do it for you. You can have what you want if you want it enough.”The hurt and fear of years of discouragement disappeared all of a sudden.Jean felt thrilled and told her about her dream of becoming a pilot. Mrs. Slaton slapped the desk top.“Then do it！” she said.So Jean did. It didnt happen overnight. In her 10 years of hard work, even facing varieties of laugh, frustration and opposition，she never gave up her dream. Instead, she went on doing everything her thirdgrade teacher regarded as fairytale.Eventually, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain for the United Airline Company.4Jeans thirdgrade teacher thought her dream to be _.AgreatBimpossibleCchallenging Dreasonable5Mrs. Slaton may hold the view that _.Aonly some of her students have great potentialBher students are good enough to be admitted to the best schoolsCbelief contributes to realizing a dreamDJean was to have her dream realized6According to the passage, we can infer that _.AJeans dream was always in her deep heartBJean owed her success to all her teachersCmost people around Jean approved of her dreamDJean achieved her dream with ease7Which is the best title of the passage?AA Respectable TeacherBHow to Realize a DreamCHard Work Pays offDReach for the Sky【語篇導(dǎo)讀】瓊哈珀經(jīng)歷種種打擊，仍然不放棄夢想，后來在一位老師的鼓勵下，她為夢想而奮斗，最終實現(xiàn)了自己的夢想。4解析：選B。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三、四句Her paper came back with an“F”on it.The teacher told her it was a“fairy tale”可知，老師認為她的夢想是不可能實現(xiàn)的。5解析：選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后一句You can have what you want if you want it enough.可知，只要有強烈的愿望，就能實現(xiàn)你的夢想。故選C項。6解析：選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句Jean felt a rush of the old enthusiasm，and with excitement she wrote down the very old dream.和第四段第一句The hurt and fear of years of discouragement disappeared all of a sudden.可知她的夢想一直深藏心底。7解析：選D。主旨大意題。文章主要講瓊哈珀經(jīng)歷種種打擊，仍然不放棄夢想，后來在一位老師的鼓勵下，艱苦努力，永不言棄，最終美夢成真。Reach for the Sky意為“伸手觸摸天空”，既暗示了主人公想當飛行員的夢想，又表達了實現(xiàn)夢想的艱難，一語雙關(guān)，貼切傳神。C(2017河北衡水第三次聯(lián)考)My grandmother was from a town in Michigan. Summer after summer，I enjoyed staying with my grandparents as a young child.I was from the city and loved the small town they lived in. People knew everyone, their kids, their pets and their ancestors. The bond with them continued to grow as they got older. Grandma was always using her hands for something exciting. She would make little sandwiches and wed have tea parties. Shed make beautiful quilts for each one. I remember the small thimble (頂針) she would use while doing her needle work.A few years ago, when Grandma left this earth, I bid farewell to a loving grandmother. How quickly our lives can change. We had just had tea together a couple of months earlier, on her 91st birthday.I missed her very much. On one particular birthday, when I was feeling a little low, something happened to make me feel like she was sharing that special day with me. I was arranging some colorful pillows that she had made, and suddenly I felt something inside one pillow. It was small and hard. I moved the object to a seam (接縫) that I carefully opened, and to my delight out came a tiny silver thimble! How happy I was to find something that had been a part of her.Not realizing it had fallen off her finger, I pictured her sewing it in that little pillow that I just happened to place on my bedspread that day. I carefully laid the thimble alongside the others Ive collected over the years, where I could continue to see the gift God chose to reveal to me. What a precious memory of a very special lady who somehow, I knew, was laughing in delight at sewing her thimble inside my pillow.I made some tea, using my best china, as Grandma always did, and enjoyed my tea and Grandmas thimble. What a wonderful birthday that was!8The author wrote this passage to _.Aexpress a desire to lead a simple lifeBshow she missed living with her grandmaCcall on people to care for the oldDrecall her happy childhood9The author liked staying with her grandparents because _.Ashe was curious about people and things thereBthey often bought her some giftsCshe could have tea parties and eat sandwichesDshe could learn to sew quilts10How did the author feel when she found the silver thimble?ASad. BProud.CCheerful. DLucky.11What is the best title for the passage?AGrandmas Silver ThimbleBA Little PillowCMy GrandparentsDMy Childhood【語篇導(dǎo)讀】作者以祖母的銀頂針為回憶的線索，講述了自己小時候和祖父母一起度過的快樂時光。祖母去世后，作者在她縫制的枕頭里發(fā)現(xiàn)了她用過的頂針。本文表達了作者對祖母的深切懷念之情。8解析：選B。推理判斷題。本題考查作者的寫作意圖，在文中作者回憶了小時候和祖母一起度過的快樂時光，因此作者寫作的主要目的是緬懷自己已故的祖母。9解析：選A。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的I was from the city and loved the small town they lived in.People knew everyone .The bond with them continued to grow as they got older.可知，作者小時候在夏天時會去祖父母居住的小鎮(zhèn)與他們一起生活，作者對那里的人和事都充滿了好奇。故選A項。10解析：選C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的How happy I was to find something that had been a part of her.可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了祖母的銀頂針時的心情是喜悅的。11解析：選A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)作者回憶，祖母的銀頂針是貫穿全文的線索，作者透過小小的一枚頂針，表達了對祖母無限的回憶和深深的愛。DWith a million 1825s unemployed, its not an easy time for young people looking to get on the job ladder.However, through the statistic I saw an opportunity that I decided to take. Throughout the past years I have worked hard to develop a number of projects to help young people gain an advantage in their careers and in life. With the support of Levi Roots, who created Reggae sauce, I founded UnITe Computing in 2011 and since then I have enjoyed working with clients(客戶) such as Google UK，the University of Australia and others. Though this journey has had its ups and downs, I am proud of how far we have come.The main issue I have faced so far in my business life has been gaining the trust of others. If you are 19, not very many people believe you when you say you run a number of businesses. In fact I have been laughed at and even told to get a job by some.This was a major obstacle I had to face. To overcome it I simply established a professional and positive reputation among colleagues, friends and in the media in order to build credibility for myself and my businesses. Age should not limit your ability to succeed and I have gained more respect due to my willingness to give back and reward the communities which support me.One of the young business people I personally support is Ryan Farquharson who runs Lovethequote. com.He says，“To anybody that has an urge to run their own business I would absolutely say go for it, anyone can do it！”Its this gogetting attitude that I firmly believe needs to be encouraged and developed among todays young people. The “one million unemployed youth”statistic is a key drive for change and an opportunity to get up and make something of yourself，you simply have to go for it and pick up support. That is what my journey and my story aims to inspire.12The author established the company because he _.Afailed to find a satisfying jobBenjoyed working for himselfCfollowed Levi Roots adviceDspotted a chance of success13The underlined word “obstacle” in Paragraph 2 means _.Apressure BdifficultyCfrustration Ddisappointment14By mentioning Ryan Farquharson, the author wants to _.Ashow the achievement Ryan Farquharson has madeBencourage young people to turn to him for supportCexplain what is the most important thing to succeedDintroduce the right attitude young people should have15Which of the following words can best describe the author?ADetermined and generous.BConsiderate and optimistic.CSympathetic and productive.DAdventurous and responsible.【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是記敘文。面對很多年輕人找不到工作的現(xiàn)狀，同樣身為年輕人的作者從中嗅得商機并創(chuàng)辦了自己的公司，幫助其他年輕人贏在起跑線上。12解析：選D。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“through the statistic I saw an opportunity that I decided to take .I founded UnITe Computing”可知，作者通過統(tǒng)計看到一個實施的機會。并于2011年成立了UnITe Computing公司。13解析：選B。詞義猜測題。由于年齡小，作者不能取得別人的信任，因此如何取得別人的信任成為作者在創(chuàng)業(yè)途中碰到的最大“難題”。14解析：選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Its this gogetting attitude that I firmly believe needs to be encouraged and developed among todays young people.”可以看出，作者提Ryan Farquharson主要是想引出他說的話。作者認為當今年輕人都應(yīng)該有他的這種態(tài)度。15解析：選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，面對別人的質(zhì)疑，作者并未放棄，而是通過努力讓別人改變對自己的看法，由此可以看出作者很有決心；再根據(jù)第二段中的“my willingness to give back and reward the communities which support me”不難看出，作者非?？犊?。.七選五(2017湖南長沙市長郡中學(xué)月考)When we are little, we know nothing about the rights and responsibilities of adulthood._1_Therefore, if we like a certain toy or if we want to eat a certain type of chocolate, we think that our parents will have to buy that for us. We dont care that they possibly have not enough money for that. If they dont carry out our wish, well begin to cry._2_Whenever we begin to cry, well get what we want.Still, little by little, we realize that our parents cant offer us all that we want for certain reasons. We then also understand that parents have their rights. They have the right to scold us when we do something wrong or when they find out that we have lied to them._3_They choose our clothes, the food we eat, the school we will study at, the hours when we should go out to play and the time we have to return home.4_They are the ones to be blamed later if we dont receive proper education. Thats why when we beat a classmate at the kindergarten, parents are the ones to apologize for our deeds in front of the teacher and the classmates parents. And when we get ill, they are responsible for not taking good care of us and for dressing us inadequately.The moment we become teenagers, we notice that we should be responsible for our behavior in society.Now we have the right to be independent._5_It is supposed that we are mature enough to solve our problems and to make people around trust us. For some of us, this is a difficult test to pass, but it is the best method to see if we are capable of taking our place in society.AHowever, its also time f