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如何提高學(xué)生的高中英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作能力?,語(yǔ)言地道、規(guī)范,覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn),主要內(nèi)容:Step 1: 內(nèi)容要點(diǎn); 詞匯和語(yǔ)法的數(shù)量和準(zhǔn)確性; 上下文的連貫; 語(yǔ)言的得體性。,應(yīng)用了較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯,覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn),【各檔次的給分范圍和要求】,第五檔(很好);(25-30分) 1. 完全完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 2. 覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)。 3. 應(yīng)用了較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯。 4. 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面有些許錯(cuò)誤,但為盡力使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致;具備較強(qiáng)的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。 5. 有效地使用了語(yǔ)句間的連接成分,使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 6. 完全達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫(xiě)作目的。,Step 2:了解給分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),【各檔次的給分范圍和要求】,第四檔(好):(20-25分) 1. 完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 2. 雖漏掉一、兩個(gè)次重點(diǎn),但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容。 3. 應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿(mǎn)足任務(wù)的要求。 4. 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面應(yīng)用基本準(zhǔn)確,些許錯(cuò)誤主要是因嘗試較復(fù)雜語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯所致。 5. 應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)句間的連接成分,使全文結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊。 6. 達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫(xiě)作目的。,【各檔次的給分范圍和要求】,第三檔(適當(dāng)):(15-20分) 1. 基本完成了試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 2. 雖漏掉一些內(nèi)容,但覆蓋所有主要內(nèi)容。 3. 應(yīng)用的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯能滿(mǎn)足任務(wù)的要求。 4. 有一些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤,但不影響理解。 5. 應(yīng)用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)句間的連接成分,使全文內(nèi)容連貫。 6. 基本達(dá)到了預(yù)期的寫(xiě)作目的。,【各檔次的給分范圍和要求】,第二檔(較差):(10-15分) 1. 未恰當(dāng)完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 2. 漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要內(nèi)容,寫(xiě)了一些無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容。 3. 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)、詞匯項(xiàng)目有限。 4. 有一些語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤,影響了對(duì)寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容的理解。 5. 較少使用語(yǔ)句間的連接成分,內(nèi)容缺少連貫性。 6. 信息未能清楚地傳達(dá)給讀者。,【各檔次的給分范圍和要求】,第一檔(差):(1-10分) 1. 未完成試題規(guī)定的任務(wù)。 2. 明顯遺漏主要內(nèi)容,寫(xiě)了一些無(wú)關(guān)內(nèi)容,原因可能是未理解試題要求。 3. 語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)單調(diào)、詞匯項(xiàng)目有限。 4. 較多語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)或詞匯方面的錯(cuò)誤,影響對(duì)寫(xiě)作內(nèi)容的理解。 5. 缺乏語(yǔ)句間的連接成分,內(nèi)容不連貫。 6. 信息未能傳達(dá)給讀者。,【各檔次的給分范圍和要求】,不給分:(0分) 1. 未能傳達(dá)給讀者任何信息。 2. 內(nèi)容太少,無(wú)法評(píng)判。 3. 寫(xiě)的內(nèi)容均與所要求內(nèi)容無(wú)關(guān)或所寫(xiě)內(nèi)容無(wú)法看清。 4. 抄襲試卷前文中的內(nèi)容。,Step 3:體驗(yàn)當(dāng)老師 ,為學(xué)生給分 書(shū)面表達(dá)(滿(mǎn)分30分) 當(dāng)前不少文學(xué)作品被改編成電影。有人選擇看電影, 有人則喜歡讀原著。請(qǐng)你以 “Film or book, which do you prefer?” 為題,按照下列要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文: 1. 看電影:省時(shí)、有趣、易懂; 2. 讀原著:細(xì)節(jié)更多、語(yǔ)言?xún)?yōu)美; 3. 我的看法及理由。 注意:1. 詞數(shù)100左右,文章題目和開(kāi)頭已給出; 2. 參考詞匯:original work或book in the original (原著),主要點(diǎn)評(píng): 抄襲閱讀理解中的句子,不知所云,未能傳達(dá)給讀者任何信息,字?jǐn)?shù)不夠。,評(píng)分:0分,主要點(diǎn)評(píng): 語(yǔ)言素質(zhì)欠缺;基本功差; 語(yǔ)句毛病多;字母大小寫(xiě)、 標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)、書(shū)寫(xiě)不清等等。,評(píng)分:10分,主要點(diǎn)評(píng): 卷面不整潔;涂改較多; 語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤多;內(nèi)容不全; 層次不清等。,評(píng)分:15分,主要點(diǎn)評(píng): 語(yǔ)言不夠地道;中文式思維; 詞匯錯(cuò)誤較多;卷面不整潔, 涂改也較多。,評(píng)分:20分,主要點(diǎn)評(píng): 語(yǔ)言表達(dá)流暢;層次分明; 但未能恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠^(guò)渡詞 語(yǔ),文章連貫性不強(qiáng)。,評(píng)分:25分,主要點(diǎn)評(píng): 語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確、流暢,要點(diǎn)齊全,內(nèi)容完整,層次清晰,結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊,前后連貫。 能使用較多的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯,并能恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠^(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)。,評(píng)分:30分,如何讓高考英語(yǔ)作文得高分?,近幾年要求“使用較多語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)和詞匯”,因此要想得高分,除了要點(diǎn)和語(yǔ)言準(zhǔn)確度以外,還必須在較復(fù)雜的句子結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)的詞匯上有所表現(xiàn)。 句式單一,缺乏生氣的文章,哪怕無(wú)任何錯(cuò)誤也不可能得高分,相反“有些錯(cuò)誤,但是為了使用較復(fù)雜結(jié)構(gòu)或較高級(jí)詞匯所致”,給分檔次仍在最高檔(2125分)。,閱卷教師喜歡什么樣的作文?,字體工整,卷面干凈; 緊扣主題,條理清晰; 語(yǔ)言地道,過(guò)渡自然; 長(zhǎng)度適中,一氣呵成。,閱卷教師討厭什么樣的作文?,涂涂抹抹,斑斑點(diǎn)點(diǎn); 層次不清,段落不分; 語(yǔ)句不通,雜亂無(wú)章; 書(shū)寫(xiě)潦草,卷面不潔;,句 子 的 結(jié) 構(gòu),活動(dòng)一;判斷句子的類(lèi)型(并列句,簡(jiǎn)單句, 復(fù)合句) 1, She arrived quite early. 2,Thats exactly what I am planning to do. 3,Hurry up, or its getting late. 4,We love peace but we are not afraid of war. 5,She may have arrived now. 6,There is something wrong in what he said .,Step 4: 組織活動(dòng),(簡(jiǎn)單句),(簡(jiǎn)單句),(并列句),(并列句),(復(fù)合句),(復(fù)合句),1. 一句多譯 2. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換 3. 句子擴(kuò)展 4. 修辭手段,運(yùn)用多種方法,抓好句型表達(dá)訓(xùn)練,他們努力去完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)。 1,They - to finish the work. (簡(jiǎn)單句) 2,They -to finish the work. (簡(jiǎn)單句) 3,They - to finish the work. (簡(jiǎn)單句) 4,They - to finish the work. (復(fù)合句) 5,They -to finish the work. (復(fù)合句),活動(dòng)二,一句多譯(1)一句多譯,tried their best,did their best,attempted,did what they could,did everything /all they could,他太累了,不能繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。 1,He was- tired- walk any farther. (簡(jiǎn)單句) 2,He was - tired- he couldnt walk any farther. (復(fù)合句) 3,He was too tired, -he couldnt walk any farther. (并列句) 4,- he was too tired, he couldnt walk any farther. (復(fù)合句),一句多譯(2),too,to,so,that,so,Since,1由簡(jiǎn)單句擴(kuò)展成并列句 Tom is our monitor now. He came to our school last year. Tom came to our school last year and he is our monitor now. (把意義松散的兩個(gè)句子合為一體,句意連貫性更強(qiáng)了) Tom came to our school last year; he is our monitor now. (通過(guò)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)也能達(dá)到異曲同工之效),活動(dòng)三: 句子擴(kuò)展(1),2由簡(jiǎn)單句擴(kuò)展成復(fù)合句 例如:The meeting came to an end. 我們?cè)嚰右粋€(gè)定語(yǔ)從句: 1, The meeting -came to an end. 我們?cè)嚰右粋€(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句: 2, -, the meeting came to an end. (When 引導(dǎo)的 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句) 3,The meeting came to an end .- (Though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句) 4 -, the meeting came to an end.(Before引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句),句子擴(kuò)展(2),that they held in our classroom,When we arrived,though it was still early,Before I could speak anything,并列:and, as well as, also, bothand等; 選擇:or, eitheror, neither.nor, otherwise 等; 原因:because, for, as, since, owing to, due to 等; 結(jié)果:so, therefore, thus, as a result 等;,運(yùn)用連詞或介詞,提高文章的連貫性,時(shí)間:when, before, later, first, and then, next 等; 比較:on the contrary, for another thing 等 轉(zhuǎn)折:but, yet, however, although, in spite of 等; 遞進(jìn):besides, even, whats more, in addition等; 舉例:for example, such as, like, namely 等 總結(jié):in short, in general, in a word, to sum up等。,活動(dòng)四, 加連接詞 Tom saw a bird. The bird was wounded. He took the bird to the zoo. The workers in the zoo praised him. He arrived home late. He was happy. Tom saw a wounded bird,- he took it to the zoo. The workers in the zoo praised him. - he came home late, he was happy.,so,Though,Sept 5:習(xí)作評(píng)講,質(zhì)檢一短文寫(xiě)作(滿(mǎn)分25分) 請(qǐng)你根據(jù)你生活中的一個(gè)事例用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一篇短文,談?wù)務(wù)\信(honesty)的作用。,Honesty means always talking the truth and never cheating .Honesty is a kind of courage and responsibility ,an invisible power and wealth.Honesty wins trust ,respect and friendship .So it pays to be honest . 注意:1,無(wú)須寫(xiě)標(biāo)題,不得照抄英語(yǔ)提示語(yǔ); 2,內(nèi)容必須結(jié)合你生活中的一個(gè)事例; 3,文中不得透漏個(gè)人姓名和學(xué)校姓名; 4,詞數(shù)100左右,怎樣寫(xiě)這篇文章呢? 一,(1)內(nèi)容要點(diǎn);生活中的事例。 (2)題材; 敘述與 記事相結(jié)合。 (3)基本時(shí)態(tài);一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 (4)重要人稱(chēng);第一人稱(chēng)。 二,審題-列提綱-造句-連句成文-修改-抄寫(xiě),評(píng)講學(xué)生考試中的錯(cuò)句,1,We not believe you any longer . 2,Only you are honest can you make more friends. 3,Petch is my a friends whom I get along well with him . 4,Honesty is plays a important part in the world .,(改為:We didnt believe you any longer ),(改為:Only if /when you are honest can you make more friends .),(改為:Petch is my friend whom I get along well with .,(改為:Honesty is playing /plays /has played an important part in the world ),Possible version:,(1) Honesty is a good virtue.(2) If you are honest all the time ,youll be trusted and respected by others.(3) I have learned a lot from my experience of dishonesty. (4) When I was in Senior One ,I was so eager to get a high score that I cheated in the exam .(5)Although nobody discovered it,I had sense of success at all.(6) Instead ,I felt guilty and it,(1)(2)句說(shuō)明了誠(chéng)實(shí)是好的美德,用了高級(jí)詞匯virture 和if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句;will be trusted and .將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。(3)句引出我的經(jīng)歷. (4)寫(xiě)了事件發(fā)生的時(shí)間和原因,用了時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。 ( 5)(6)寫(xiě)了事件發(fā)生后的感受,用了讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,連接詞instead和高級(jí)詞 guilty 。,bothered me for a long time . (7)What was worse ,I was afraid that my friends would know about it and trust me no longer .(8)So from then on ,I have been determined never to be dishonest (9).Otherwise I will be looked down upon and lose all my friends. (10)As you can see from my experience,if you are honest , you can say and do what you like without fear ).(11)In conclusion ,to be honest will ensure you a happy life .,(7)句寫(xiě)到了作者更糟的心情,用了What was worse這個(gè)表遞進(jìn)的連接詞組,突出了作者說(shuō)謊給自己帶來(lái)的煩惱和懲罰。 (8)和(9)寫(xiě)了作者決心不再說(shuō)謊也即說(shuō)謊會(huì)帶來(lái)的后果,用了詞組 from then on和 look down upon也即have been determined 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和will be looked down upon 將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 (10)和(11)句從經(jīng)歷中得出總結(jié),用了as引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句,what 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,用了)In conclusion 表總結(jié)的短語(yǔ),,to be honest 動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)作主語(yǔ)等語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)象。,小結(jié)英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作教學(xué)注意事項(xiàng),1. 注意審清題目要求 2. 注意用合理的體裁、題材 3. 注意正確使用人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 4. 注意掌握中心要點(diǎn),以防遺漏 5. 注意正確合理地使用詞匯與句型,防止表達(dá)的單一性 6. 注意語(yǔ)言表達(dá)地道,防止?jié)h式英語(yǔ) 7. 注意大小寫(xiě)、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和單詞拼寫(xiě),防止發(fā)生低級(jí)錯(cuò)誤 8. 注意文章的檢查與修改,注意連貫,學(xué)會(huì)分段 9. 注意文章的卷面干凈與整體布局,爭(zhēng)取印象分,Step 6:,小結(jié):三段式作文法 和十句作文法,1. 所謂三段式就是將一篇書(shū)面表達(dá)按三段的寫(xiě)作模式謀篇布局。 2. 就整體篇章結(jié)構(gòu)而言,如何把握較大的寫(xiě)作空間,三段式的寫(xiě)作模式為最佳選擇。,基本模式,1第一段開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山,提出要解決的問(wèn)題或觀點(diǎn),或者把時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物和主要事件及時(shí)點(diǎn)出。 2第二段要擺出事實(shí)或提出論據(jù),或者把事情發(fā)展的經(jīng)過(guò)詳細(xì)寫(xiě)出來(lái)。 3最后一段,得出結(jié)論或理由。,十句作文法,十句作文法是有關(guān)專(zhuān)家總結(jié)出來(lái)的一種高分作文方法,考生在經(jīng)過(guò)短期訓(xùn)練之后便可較大幅度地提高寫(xiě)作水平。,寫(xiě)作分析,1. 這篇書(shū)面表達(dá)的中心思想是電視所帶來(lái)的積極影響。 2. 電視對(duì)現(xiàn)代生活的影響是多方面的,考生不要試圖面面俱到,如果涉及面太多,文章反而顯得松散。我們只需選擇幾個(gè)方面進(jìn)行寫(xiě)作,可用舉例的方法合理安排語(yǔ)言材料。,基本模式,第一段為開(kāi)頭,包括兩句。第一句為主題句,點(diǎn)明全文主題;第二句為擴(kuò)展句,進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明和支持主題句。兩者關(guān)系也可倒過(guò)來(lái),由第一句說(shuō)明情況,第二句點(diǎn)明主題。 第二段為正文,共七句。第三句為主題句,提出本段的主題,它應(yīng)與第一段的主題相關(guān)或一致。第四至九句為擴(kuò)展句,說(shuō)明和支持本段的主題。句與句之間要注意好過(guò)渡,以使段落邏輯合理,結(jié)構(gòu)得當(dāng)。 第三段為結(jié)尾,簡(jiǎn)化為一句,也是全文的總結(jié)句(第十句),它將前面的內(nèi)容總結(jié)為一個(gè)結(jié)果,表明自己的論點(diǎn)。,寫(xiě)作典例,電視在人們的日常生活中占有很重要的地位,電視傳播不斷深層次地影響著每一個(gè)人。請(qǐng)以“Television” 為題,寫(xiě)一篇有關(guān)其所帶來(lái)的積極影響的英語(yǔ)短文。,欣賞習(xí)作,【范文】 Television Television presents a vivid world in front of us.1(主題句) Through TV, we can learn what is happening across the world. 2(擴(kuò)展句) Television also plays an important educational role in our daily life.3(主題句) For one thing, the TV university provides an opportunity for people who can not go to formal university.4(擴(kuò)展句) For another, children can broaden their scope of knowledge by watching popular programs.5(擴(kuò)展句) Besides, women can learn about the latest fashion of dresses and the best recipe for making fruit cakes.6(擴(kuò)展句) Furthermore, we can learn many world advanced technologies from TV programs.7(擴(kuò)展句) And also we can learn singing, dancing and doing physical exercise in some special TV training courses.8(擴(kuò)展句)In short, the effect of TVs educational role is becoming more and more obvious.9(擴(kuò)展句) Having viewed these aspects, and with many more TV programs produced, I believe that our life will become even more significant. 10(總結(jié)句),From the picture, we can see that the young tree is supported by a stick while growing. However, once there is no support, the young tree is broken off. As the picture suggests, we teenagers grow up almost in the same way. We children need not only the necessary support and care from our parents and teachers but also the challenge of difficulty, the experience of hardships and the joy of success. As parents and teachers, they dont have to do everything for us, and too much care is not helpful. Just offer us the opportunity to develop our ability and we are sure to grow up well.,As we can see from the picture, two people, father and son, are talking to each other. The boy, standing on the ground, is looking up at his father, slightly scared, while his father, seated high on a big Chinese character “fu“, meaning “father“, is shouting to his son. Such a situation seems fairly common in our society. When talking to each other, father and son are not in equal positions. Fathers simply tell their sons what to do rather than listen patiently. Therefore, sons will have

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