womengettattoos女性紋身.ppt

NEWS,Why are so many women getting tattoos?,Painted ladies: why women get tattoos,From China Daily Dec.13,2013,Content,Recently, the Guardian interviewed eight different classes, age but all be keen to tattoo of women, and they discussed the cultural significance for women to get tattoos.,As we all know，a picture or design that is marked permanently on a persons skin by marking small holes in the skin with a needle and filling them with colored ink.,Elise Harrison: My dad is old-fashioned: he thinks all tattooed people are prostitutes妓女 or criminals. The first tattoo I ever saw belonged to my grandad. He had it done in Scotland during his national service in the 50s, so the tattoo must have been more than 30 years old when I became fascinated by it. He said it was a picture of my granny. And he died over 15 years ago and Id have to look at a photograph to remember the details of his face, but I can always remember that tattoo.,Tattoos can be useful or beautiful or a combination of the two. Thats reason enough. Sailors used to get images of Christ inked on to their backs to make the first mate reluctant to use the whip鞭打 on them. Theyd ask for elaborate精心制作的designs on their limbs to mark voyages taken and ports visited a kind of indelible dog tag that, they hoped, would identify a corpse尸體 lost at sea and washed ashore. Every mark had a story.,Jenn Ashworth: When I was 19, I went to a studio in Cambridge with my then boyfriend and we had simple circles tattooed on the inside of our wrists. The ink lasted longer than the relationship. The ink will age at the same rate as I do just like my grandads did. Thats fine with me. The marks arent decoration, arent designed to draw the gaze or enhance a feature, and even if they were, whats wrong with skin that looks the age it is, rather than the air-brushed and painted flawlessness of an eternal 20-year-old? Whats wrong with bellies腹部, arms and breasts that loosen and relax as the years pass? I want my tattoos to look the age they are.,Some say tattoos are addictive that it starts with a butterfly on the hip and ends with full sleeves and a septum piercing. Maybe. Its been a while since I was last inked, but Ive been planning my next for some time. A compass on my foot. To remind me of where Im going, and of times I might forget.,Origin of tattoo,1.The original purpose of survival：the primitive people living in the original forest, in order to avoid wild animals and protect their own security. Only on the body painted with bright colors.,2.superstitious tattoo: It is said that some animals engraved image or the logo can enhance physical fitness.,And there are some other kinds of tattoos I want to see with you together.,3.the religious symbol: a lot of custom tribal tattoo, the most common is religious totem.,4. the memorial tattoo: The most popular is the lovers name tattooed.,5.the beauty of the tattoo: Tattoos can cover the scars of your body. Or they have the tattoo on the body to make themselves become a work of art.,6.Inspired tattoo: people tattooed the picture on body to remind him keep nature.,The history of tattoo began over 5000 years ago. The modern revival in tattooing stems from the voyage of Captain James Cook in the late 1700s. Since the 1970s, tattoos have become a mainstream part of Western fashion, common among both sexes, to all economic classes, and to age groups from the later teen years to middle age. For many young Americans, the tattoo has taken on a decidedly different meaning than for previous generations. The tattoo has “undergone dramatic redefinition” and has shifted from a form of deviance異常行為 to an acceptable form of expression. In 2010, 25% of Australians under age 30 had tattoos.,Health risks,1. Because it requires breaking the skin barrier tattooing carries health risks including infection and allergic reactions. Modern tattooists reduce risks by following universal precautions working with single-use items and sterilizing their equipment after each use. Many jurisdictions require that tattooists have blood-borne pathogen training such as that provided through the Red Cross and OSHA. As of 2009 (in the United States) there have been no reported cases of HIV contracted from tattoos.,2. In amateur tattooing, such as that practiced in prisons, however, there is an elevated risk of infection. Infections that can theoretically be transmitted by the use of unsterilized未殺菌的 tattoo equipment or contaminated ink include surface infections of the skin, fungal infections真菌感染, some forms of hepatitis乙型肝炎, herpes皰疹 simplex virus, HIV, staph葡萄球菌, tetanus破傷風(fēng), and tuberculosis肺結(jié)核 .,3. Tattoo inks have been described as “remarkably nonreactive histologically”. However, cases of allergic reactions to tattoo inks, particularly certain colors, have been medically documented. This is sometimes due to the presence of nickel in an ink pigment色素, which triggers a common metal allergy. Occasionally, when a blood vessel is punctured during the tattooing procedure, a bruise青腫/hematoma血腫 may appear.,Tattoo removal,While tattoos are considered permanent, it is sometimes possible to remove them, fully or partially, with laser treatments. Typically, black and some colored inks can be removed more completely than inks of other colors. The expense and pain associated with removing tattoos are typically greater than the expense and pain associated with applying them. Pre-laser tattoo removal methods include dermabrasion, salabrasion (scrubbing the skin with salt), cryosurgery, and excisionwhich is sometimes still used along, with skin grafts for larger tattoos. These older methods, however, have been nearly completely replaced by laser激光 removal treatment options. However， in general, it is impossible to remove tattoos completely.,Social Comments,Tattoo在彰顯個(gè)人信仰與個(gè)性的西方國(guó)家頗流行。但某種程度上社會(huì)對(duì)于女性紋身似乎抱有一種偏見(jiàn)。難道女性紋身真的是the slapper(風(fēng)騷), the loose(放縱)的一種標(biāo)志嗎？ 鳳凰衛(wèi)視,Im not a woman, but I got tattoos specifically to alienate the kind of people who hate tattoos. In my experience theyre not worth knowing, not worth dealing with and certainly not worth working for. Staff replies,An academic at the University of Utah actually collected and analysed some data to answer this question. The result was that both men and women have tattoos but they have different types in different places for different reasons. Guardian picks,Of course, there are plenty of reasons to dislike tattoos like any piece of art, not every style will be to everyones taste.當(dāng)然，不喜歡紋身的理由也有好多就像一件藝術(shù)品，它的風(fēng)格并不是所有人的品位。對(duì)某些人來(lái)說(shuō)，天長(zhǎng)地久永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)有吸引力。對(duì)眼睛來(lái)說(shuō)，沒(méi)有比無(wú)修飾更美麗。To some, the permanence will never appeal. Or perhaps theres nothing as beautiful to their eyes as unmarked flesh. one internet user,Tattoos have traditionally been considered socially marginal and risky consumption choice in American/Western culture. However tattoos are now beginning to come into the mainstream of American life. They represent an interesting consumption behavior due to their permanent alteration of body parts and their relationship to personal expressions and identity. In p