哥特式教堂的一些術(shù)語和詞匯

1、.最近在構(gòu)建一個(gè)分類資料夾，為了得到詳實(shí)全面的圖片信息，我了解這些名詞和術(shù)語的英文就十分重要。以下沒有逐字翻譯，釋義方面看中文書籍就可以了，我也找了一些配圖，便于感性認(rèn)識。把部分成果弄出來，與我的網(wǎng)友們一起分享一下。精品.the vocabulary of gothic architecture1.pinnacle:a sharply pointed ornament capping the piers墩；支柱 or flying buttresses飛扶壁; also used on cathedral facades.1.房頂尖塔，支墩或飛扶壁頂上的尖尖的裝飾物；也用于大教堂的外墻。精品.

2、2.flying buttresses:masonry struts that transfer the thrust of the nave殿堂 vaults拱頂 across the roofs of the side aisles and ambulatory to a tall pier rising above the churchs exterior wall. compare the cross-section of beauvais cathedral.2.飛扶壁 ： 也稱扶拱垛精品.精品.精品.3.vaulting web:the masonry blocks that fi

3、ll the area between the ribs of a groin vault.精品.4.diagonal rib:in plan, one of the ribs that form the x of a groin vault.對角拱柱（十字肋）（a diagonal rib of a gothic vault. 哥特式穹頂?shù)膶枪爸┚?5.transverse rib:a rib that crosses the nave（教堂）殿堂；中殿 or aisle走廊 at a 90-degree angle.橫肋， rib拱肋精品.精品.6.springing:the low

4、est stone of an arch; in gothic vaulting, the lowest stone of a diagonal or transverse rib.拱底石。拱的最底下的石頭。在哥特式的穹頂中，指十字肋或者橫肋的最底的石頭。7.clerestory:the windows below the vaults that form the nave elevations uppermost level. by using flying buttresses and rib vaults on pointed arches, gothic architects coul

5、d build huge clerestory windows and fill them with精品.stained glassheld in place by ornamental stonework calledtracery.8.oculus:a small round window.精品.精品.9.lancet:a tall, narrow window crowned by a pointed arch.又窄又高有個(gè)尖拱的窗。細(xì)長的窗戶被稱為“柳葉窗”，圓形的則被稱為“玫瑰窗”10.triforium:the story in the nave elevation consist

6、ing of arcades, usually blind , but occasionally filled with stained glass).精品.11.nave arcade:the series of arches supported by piers separating the nave from the side aisles.中殿連拱，一組由支柱支撐的拱，分開了中殿和側(cè)廊。12.compound pier with shafts (responds):also called thecluster pier,a pier with a group, or cluster,

7、of attached shafts, orresponds,extending to the springing of thevaults（composite pier） pier 墩精品.附加精品.four common types of vault. a barrel vault (also called a cradle vault, tunnel vault, or wagon vault) has a semicircular cross section. a groin (or cross) vault is formed by the perpendicular interse

8、ction of two barrel vaults. a rib (or ribbed) vault is supported by a series of arched diagonal ribs that divide the vaults surface into panels. a fan vault is composed of concave sections with ribs spreading out like a fan.pointed arch尖拱groin vault 交叉拱norman arch 諾曼式拱券molding線腳 裝飾線rib 拱肋facade正面外墻ambulatory