山東省青島市2018版中考英語第二部分專題語法高效突破專項(xiàng)9動(dòng)詞課件.pptx

1、第二部分 專題語法 高效突破,專項(xiàng) 9 動(dòng)詞,高頻考點(diǎn)精講 考點(diǎn) 1 動(dòng)詞的種類 1.實(shí)義動(dòng)詞 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，有完整的詞義，能獨(dú)立作謂語。按其是否帶賓語，可分為及物動(dòng)詞(帶賓語)和不及物動(dòng)詞(不帶賓語)。 2.及物動(dòng)詞 及物動(dòng)詞本身意思不完整，需要接賓語才能使其意思表達(dá)完整，如：reach，ask，return，love，need，teach等。及物動(dòng)詞常用于下面三種句型中： (1)主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語。如：He reached Canada the day before yesterday.他前天到達(dá)加拿大的。 (2)主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語。如：They asked me

2、to go fishing with them.他們讓我和他們一起去釣魚。 (3)主語謂語(及物動(dòng)詞)間接賓語直接賓語。如：I will return him the storybook.我準(zhǔn)備把故事書還給他。,【注意】 帶雙賓語的及物動(dòng)詞，如果把直接賓語置于間接賓語之前，必須在變換時(shí)加to或for，構(gòu)成“及物動(dòng)詞直接賓語to / for間接賓語”句型。 【巧記】 巧記帶雙賓語的及物動(dòng)詞 “七給”“一帶”“to”不少；“買”“畫”“制作”“for”來了 “七給”(give，pass，lend，write，show，send，hand)和“一帶”(bring)，在直接賓語前置時(shí)，必須在后面加to

3、；“buy，draw，make”在直接賓語前置時(shí)，必須在后面加for。,3.不及物動(dòng)詞 不及物動(dòng)詞本身意思完整，無須接賓語，構(gòu)成“主語謂語”的句型，如：swim，come，go，run，travel等；如后面接賓語，則必須與介詞連用。如：Lucy is swimming.露西正在游泳。I am waiting for you at the school gate.我正在校門口等你。 4.延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞 (1)延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示動(dòng)作是可以持續(xù)的，可以和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。如：live，study，work，keep，teach等。如：You can keep this book for

4、 two weeks.你可以借這本書兩周。He has been studying French for about 3 months.他已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)法語三個(gè)月了。 (2)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示瞬間動(dòng)作，動(dòng)作一發(fā)生便立即結(jié)束。如buy，lend，borrow，begin，stop，arrive，finish，go，come等。非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能和表示時(shí)間段的狀語連用，如果要與表示時(shí)間段的狀語連用，就要用其他的詞代替。如：Tom arrived here five days ago.湯姆五天前到達(dá)這里。May I borrow your eraser？我可以借用你的橡皮嗎？,5.系動(dòng)詞 本身有詞義，不能獨(dú)立

5、作謂語，必須和表語一起構(gòu)成謂語。,考點(diǎn) 2 近義動(dòng)詞辨析 動(dòng)詞種類與用法繁多，尤其是意思相近或者用法相近的動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞詞組特別容易混淆。如：put on “穿上”；put up“舉手，張貼，搭建”；put off “推遲”等形近的動(dòng)詞詞組更加難以區(qū)別。,初中階段易混動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞詞組歸納,考點(diǎn) 3 動(dòng)詞短語 以動(dòng)詞為中心構(gòu)成的短語稱為動(dòng)詞短語，英語中的動(dòng)詞短語數(shù)以萬計(jì)，起著重要的作用。 1.常見的動(dòng)詞詞組有如下幾種形式：,2.常見動(dòng)詞短語如下： (1)come短語 come on加油come out出版；出現(xiàn) come over來訪 come along出現(xiàn) (2)cut短語 cut down削減；

6、砍倒 cut up切碎；抨擊 cut out切斷；刪去 cut off切斷；中斷 cut in插嘴 cut into打斷；侵犯 (3)get短語 get to到達(dá) get up起床；起來 get over克服 get on進(jìn)展 get off離開 get together相聚 get ready for.為做準(zhǔn)備 (4)make短語 make a decision做出決定 make a living謀生 make a mistake犯錯(cuò) make up組成；構(gòu)成,(5)take短語 take up占據(jù) take away帶走；拿走 take off起飛；脫掉 take down寫下；記下 ta

7、ke place發(fā)生 take care of照顧 take part in參加 take after與相像 (6)turn短語 turn on打開 turn off關(guān)閉 turn up開大；調(diào)高 turn down調(diào)低；關(guān)小 turn in上交 turn out結(jié)果是 (7)down短語 cut down砍到 fall down落下；摔倒 die down逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失 pull down拆下；摧毀 write down記下 turn down把調(diào)低，關(guān)小 lie down躺下 break down停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；出故障,(8)on短語 depend on依靠；依賴 concentrate o

8、n集中注意力 decide on視而定；決定于 live on以為食；靠為生 keep on繼續(xù)(前行) pass on傳遞 try on試穿；試試看 rely on依靠 (9)out短語 blow out吹熄；爆裂 break out(戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)等)突然發(fā)生；爆發(fā) bring out使顯現(xiàn)；使表現(xiàn)出 check out查明；結(jié)賬 clear out清理；丟掉 clean out清除；把打掃干凈 cut out刪除；刪去 eat out出去吃飯 find out查明；發(fā)現(xiàn)；了解 get out出去；離開 hand out分發(fā)；發(fā)放,hang out(俚語)閑蕩；閑逛 keep out不讓進(jìn)入

9、lay out擺開；布置 leave out不包括；不提及；忽略 point out指出 sell out賣完；售光 set out出發(fā)；啟程 try out選拔；試用 work out產(chǎn)生結(jié)果；發(fā)展；成功 (10)off短語 break off突然中止；中斷 shut off關(guān)閉；停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn) set off出發(fā) cut off切除 clean off把擦掉 (11)up短語 bring up教育；培養(yǎng) cheer up慶祝 cut up切碎 dress up盛裝打扮 fix up維修 grow up長(zhǎng)大 hang up掛斷電話 hurry up趕快；快一點(diǎn) set up創(chuàng)立；創(chuàng)辦 wake u

10、p睡醒；醒來 stay up不睡覺；熬夜,十年真題全練 動(dòng)詞是英語詞匯中最重要的一部分，它們承擔(dān)著各種重要的角色。青島中考主要考查動(dòng)詞詞性、詞義辨析、還有動(dòng)詞短語的辨析。在平時(shí)的學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)中，同學(xué)們應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)確記住動(dòng)詞的種類與詞義，對(duì)于動(dòng)詞短語也應(yīng)牢記于心，尤其是運(yùn)用到具體語境中，方便理解記憶。同時(shí)，應(yīng)掌握推理法與排除法等解題方法；掌握一些不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的各種變換形式的拼寫，從而有助于準(zhǔn)確解題。 2018年的中考動(dòng)詞的命題會(huì)面面俱到，分值高。所以同學(xué)們要做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。,考點(diǎn) 1 動(dòng)詞的種類 1.2017青島，11題These oranges look nice，but _B_ very sour. A.

11、feel B.taste C.sound D.look 2.2017青島，12題We should keep quiet in the cinema.We _D_ speak loudly. A.can B.must C.neednt D.mustnt 3.2016青島，9題The girl in the classroom _C_ be Sarah.She has gone to the library. A.may B.must C.cant D.neednt 4.2015青島，7題The meat on the plate _A_ so delicious.Lets try it tog

12、ether. A.smells B.sounds C.sees D.feels 5.2015青島，8題You_D_return the book now.You can keep it until next week if you like. A.have to B.cant C.mustnt D.neednt,6.2014青島，14題Where is Jenny? Im not sure.She _C_ in the school library. A.maybe B.must be C.may be D.will be 7.2013青島，7題Excuse me，sir.You _A_ op

13、en the door before the train stops. A.mustnt B.neednt C.may not D.dont have to 8.2012青島，25題Mom，_B_ I hang out with my friends now? Sure，but you _ clean up your bedroom first. A.can；need B.may；have to C.must；need D.need；must 9.2010青島，28題Sometimes the ads _B_ but dont tell you anything about the quali

14、ty of the product. A.look well B.sound good C.taste good D.seem bad 10.2009青島，21題Is the woman in white our manager? It _C_ be her.She has just left for Shanghai. A.must B.may C.cant D.couldnt,考點(diǎn) 2 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語的辨析 11.2017青島，14題You can _D_ the word in the dictionary if you dont know it. A.give away B.cut o

15、ff C.take after D.look up 12.2016青島，10題Our country is taking action to _A_air pollution. A.cut down B.cut up C.cut out D.cut off 13.2015青島，9題They heard the party was_C_because of the exam. A.put on B.put up C.put off D.put down 14.2015青島，10題A smile A nothing，but gives much. A.costs B.spends C.cost D

16、.spend 15.2015青島，14題The movie is so interesting that I dont_B_ seeing it again tomorrow. A.enjoy B.mind C.keep D.finish,16.2014青島，9題I D the school bus this morning.Luckily，Tonys father gave me a ride. A.took B.caught C.saw D.missed 17.2014青島，10題Children these days _D_ their parents too much.They sho

17、uld learn how to look after themselves. A.get on B.keep on C.hold on D.depend on 18.2013青島，24題He _D_ plenty of money to the people in the earthquake area _. A.put out；to work out well B.handed out；help them out C.gave out；work out well D.gave away；to help them out 19.2013青島，9題How much is the ticket

18、to Central Park? A oneway ticket _A_ $40，and you can _ another $20 for a roundtrip. A.costs；pay B.cost；spend C.pay；spend D.spends；pay,20.2011青島，35題Some parents might worry that their childrens hobbies can _D_ schoolwork. A.get the way of B.get on the way of C.get on well with D.get in the way of 21.

19、2012青島，34題Students at Green High School often A_ books from their school library and can _ them for a week. A.borrow；keep B.lend；keep C.borrow；borrow D.keep；borrow 22.2011青島，28題My car alarm is always _A_ whenever my neighbors cat goes under my car. A.going off B.going out C.breaking down D.setting o

20、ff 23.2010青島，25題What will you do if you see someone _B_ in line? I will say “Would you mind joining the line？” A.wait B.cuts C.waiting D.cut,24.2008青島，23題Lots of people in our city_A_the old and the disabled.They usually offer their seats to them on buses or help them cross the road. A.care for B.ta

21、ke care C.agree with D.take pride in,猜押預(yù)測(cè) 1.Its said that nuclear power will be used to produce electricity in Xianning. However，nuclear power _ be very dangerous. A.can B.need C.must D.should 2.The cheese doesnt _ good.Why dont we go to buy some fresh cheese? Sounds great! A.see B.find C.sound D.taste 3.I wonder if these are Dannys glasses. They_be Dannys.He doesnt wear glasses. A.cant B.must C.mustnt D.can 4.Could I ride an electric bicycle to school，Mr.Wang? No，you_.Students under the age of 16 arent al