2017-2018學(xué)年人教課標高一英語必修3輔導(dǎo)Unit1FestivalsaroundtheworldGRAMMAR

情態(tài)動詞【歸納】一、can和could★表示能力。can表示現(xiàn)在的能力，could表示過去具有某種能力。如：Mybrothercanspeakfourforeignlanguages.Sophiacouldreadwhenshewasfouryearsold.注意：can表示“能夠”時與beableto同義，但can只有過去式could，而beableto可用于各種時態(tài)。另外，could表示某人過去有某種能力，而was/wereableto表示某人通過努力、克服困難做成某事，相當于managedto。如：Shewillnotbeabletovisitthehospitaltomorrow.Mikewasanexcellenttennisplayerwhenhewasyoung.Hecouldbeatanybody.Thefirespreadthroughthebuildingveryquickly,butfortunatelyeverybodywasabletoescape.★表示許可。could比can表示的說話語氣更委婉。如：Youcanhaveapieceofcakeafteryou'veeatenyourvegetables!CouldIhaveadrinkofwater,please?

★表示可能性。此時could不是can的過去式，它表示推測的可能性比can小。如：Canhestillbealiveafterallthistime?

Ifyou'renotcareful,youcouldgetintoevenworsetrouble.

二、may和might★表示許可或征求對方許可。如：Youmay/mightusemybicyclesolongasyoureturnitbefore12:00.Ican'teat;may/mightIhavealittlebrandy?★表示可能性。might比may語氣更不確定，表示的可能性更小。如：Hemay/mightgethereintime,butIcan'tbesure.三、will和would★表示意愿。will表示現(xiàn)在的意愿，有時可用于條件句中，would表示過去的意愿（would如表示現(xiàn)在的意愿，語氣較委婉）。如：Iwillhelpherifsheasksusto.Ask,ifyouwill,whotheowneris.

MyfriendaskedifIwouldgowithhim.★表示征求意見或提出請求。will與would均可用于主語是第二人稱的疑問句中，表示征求意見或提出請求，此時would并不表示過去，而表示委婉語氣。如：—I'mcold.Will/Wouldyoushutthewindow,please?—Certainly.★表示習慣和傾向性。will表示現(xiàn)在的習慣，would表示過去的習慣。如：Shewilllistentorecords,aloneinherroom,forhours.

WhenAnnwasachild,shewouldoftenasksomestrangequestions.四、shall和should★shall在疑問句中用于征求對方意見，主要用于第一人稱，也可用于第三人稱，意為“要不要，……好嗎”。如：Shallwegooutandhaveawalkafterdinner?ShallTomgotherewithmetomorrow?shall還可用于主語是第二、三人稱的陳述句中，表示決心、允諾、警告、命令、威脅、規(guī)定或義務(wù)等。如：Youshallbepunishedifyoubreaktherule.Tellherthatsheshallhavethebiketomorrow.★should表示義務(wù)或責任、建議或勸告、推斷等。如：Weshouldtakegoodcareofourchildren.Youshouldn'tleaveababyaloneinthehouse.Iwonderwhat'shappenedtoAnnie.Sheshouldbeherebynow.should還可以表示驚訝、失望、遺憾等情感，此時意為“竟會”。如：It'sstrangethatJaneshouldbelate.She'susuallyontime.I'msorrythatyoushouldthinksobadlyofme.五、must和can’t★must可表示“必須做某事”，還可表推測。must表示推測時用于肯定句中，意為“肯定，一定”。如：Imustgotothebanktogetsomemoney.—WhereisTranNguyenfrom?—Iknowthat'saVietnamesename.HemustbefromVietnam.★can't可表否定的推測和判斷，意為“不可能”。如：You'vejusthadlunch.Youcan'tbehungry.【即學(xué)即練】從括號內(nèi)選擇合適的內(nèi)容完成下面對話。1.

A:

It’sanationalholidaytomorrowsothere’snopublictransport.HowareJaneandSuegoingtogetthere?B:

Idon’tknow.It’llbedifficult.They________(might,must)takeataxi,butthey________(mightnot,couldnot)e.2.

A:

WhyisJohnwearingsunglasses?It’snotsunny.B:

Iguesshe________(may,must)havesomeproblemwithhiseyes.3.

A:

We’revisitingthe

ForestPark

tomorrowmorning.________(Would,Will)youliketojoinus?B:

I’dloveto,butI________(cannot,couldnot)goouttomorrow.We’regettinganewsofaandthestore________(may,must)bedeliveringittomorrow.4.

A:

Whoisthatmanleavingthelibrary?ItlookslikePeter.B:

It________(may,shall)behisbrother.Theyaresoalikethatpeoplesometimesmistakethemforoneanother.A:

Areyousure?IreallythinkitisPeter.B:

It________(must,can’t)bePeter.He’sinhospital.5.

A:

Whatareyoudoinghere?You________(shall,should)beatthemeetingdowntownatthismoment!B:

Someonecalledandtoldmethemeetingwascancelled.A:

Oh,No!You________(must,can’t)ha