2024-2025學(xué)年人教版高一英語期末模擬卷（全解全析）

2024-2025學(xué)年高一英語上學(xué)期期末模擬卷01（人教版2019）

全解全析

（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）

考生注意：

1.答題前，請(qǐng)務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆分別填寫在試題卷和答題紙規(guī)

定的位置上。

2.答題時(shí)，請(qǐng)按照答題紙上“注意事項(xiàng)”的要求，在答題紙相應(yīng)的位置上規(guī)范作答，在本試題卷上的作

答一律無效。

3.測試范圍：必修一+必修二Units1~3（人教版2019）。

4.難度系數(shù)：0.65?

5.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

注意：聽力部分答題時(shí)請(qǐng)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，聽力部分結(jié)束前你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答

題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在

試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀

一遍。

1.WhatwasSimondoingjustnow?

A.Cleaningthefloor.B.Washingthedishes.C.Clearingthetable.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Watchout,Mom.Idroppedaplateanditbrokeintopiecesonthefloor.Ishouldhavejustclearedthe

tableinsteadofdoingthewashing-up.

W:Simon,what'sdoneisdone.Nowlet'scleanitup.

2.Whyistheboyunhappy?

A.Hefeelslonely.B.Hemissedhisflight.C.He5swoniedabouthisparents.

【答案】A

［原文］M:I'msosad.Idon'tknowanyonehereandI'mhomesick.Butdon'ttellmymumanddad.Theymight

beworried.

W:Oh,Iwon't.They'dprobablytakethenextflighttoNewYorkandcometoseeyouifIdothat.

3.Whenwilltheplayshow?

A.Onthe15th.B.Onthe16th.C.Onthe17th.

【答案】B

【原文】M:Sue,I'vejustbeentoldthedateoftheplayhasbeenchangedfromthe15thtothe16th.

W:Areyouserious?YesterdayIwastolditwasgoingtobethe17th.

M:The17thisaSunday,sotheychangedittoaSaturdayintheend.

4.Howmanydaysdoesthemanstayaltogether?

A.Fourdays.B.Fivedays.C.Sixdays.

【答案】B

【原文】W:Haveyoubeenherelong?

M:No,Ihavebeenherefortwodays.

W:Howlongareyoustaying?

M:Anotherthreedays.

5.Whatistheweatherlikenow?

A.Rainy.B.Bright.C.Grey.

【答案】C

【原文】W:Wouldyouliketogoforaruntogether?

M:Seriously?Look,howdarkitis!Itmaystartraininganyminute.

W:Iknow.ButIloverunninginsuchweather.Ihatethestrongsunshine.

M:Then,Iwilltakearaincheck.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有2至4個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出

最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有5秒鐘的時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題；聽完后，

各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6和第7題。

6.Whatistheman'smajorconcernaboutusinggas?

A.Itcoststoomuchinwinter.

B.Itwillcauseenvironmentalpollution.

numbers.

Peoplecanhavemorethanonedisorder,butreadingisthemostcommonareaofdifficulty.Learning

disabilitiesaffectthebrain5sabilitytostore,processandcommunicateinformation.Thenationalcenterforlearning

disabilitiesestimatesthat15millionAmericans,orfivepercent,areaffected.Thegroupsays3millionstudentsin

theUnitedStateshavereceivedsomekindofspecialhelpinschoolbecauseoftheirlearningdisabilities.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。

A

Doyouknowsomeonewhohasahardtimeopeningbottlesorjarsathome?Eighth-gradestudentsinMark

Bolfsengineeringclassweretaskedwithmakingchangestoaproducttomakeiteasierforpeoplewithchallenges

touse.

Ratherthanrequiringstep-by-stepdirectionsforcreatingtheirprojects,Mr.Boltpreferredtoleavestudents9

creativepathsopen.Lefsseesomeofthestudents5products.

ADeviceThatEasilyOpensBottles

Tofindasolutionfbrhergrandmotherwhohaddifficultyinopeningbottles,Alanalookedatexistingbottle

openersandthenshecreatedherown.

Sheusedapieceofwoodshapedlikeacellphone.Next,shemadethreeholesofdifferentsizesinthewood

sothattheycouldmatchcommonbottlecapsizes.Eachholealsohadalayerofdried,stickyhotglue,which

providedafirmgripfbrthebottlecaps.Withasimpletwistofthedevice,hergrandmothercouldopenbottles

withouthelp.

ACoffeeCupWithASupportive"Thumb”

Duetoarthritis,adiseasethatcausespaininoraroundthejoints,Robeifsgrandfatherhadtroubleholdinga

coffeecup.Robertsimplifiedarobotic“thirdthumb“devicecreatedbyaLondondesigner.Heusedrubberbands

anda3D-printedplasticformtomaketheextra"thumb“whichcanfirmlysupportthebottomofacup.

AReadingTool

Michaelnoticedhowdyslexiaacommonreadingdisorder,madeitdifficultforafriendtofollowalong

onpagesfulloftext.Itisalanguage-processingcondition.Thebraintendstoconfusetheorderofnumbers,letters

andotherimages.

So,Michaelcreatedasmalladjustablewindow-blind-styledevice.t4Myfriendcouldisolatesmallsectionsof

textwhilereading,9,hesaid.

21.Alana'sgrandmothercouldopenbottleseasilyby.

A.stickingbottlecapstothedevice

B.connectingthedevicetoacellphone

C.twistingthedevicethathasholesinit

D.cuttingholesofdifferentsizesinwood

22.WhatdidRobertdotohelphisgrandfather?

A.Hereformedaprocesstoformametal“thumb”.

B.Hecreatedasimpler“thumb“deviceinthecup.

C.Headdedplasticmaterialstothe“thumb“device.

D.Heusedbandsanda3D-printedformtomakea“thumb”.

23.Whichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribethestudentsinthepassage?

A.Independentandpatient.B.Creativeandconsiderate.

C.Ambitiousandhardworking.D.Open-mindedandgenerous.

【答案】21.C22.D23.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了學(xué)生們的發(fā)明。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中"Sheusedapieceofwoodshapedlikeacellphone.Next,shemadethreeholesof

differentsizesinthewoodsothattheycouldmatchcommonbottlecapsizes.Eachholealsohadalayerofdried,

stickyhotglue,whichprovidedafirmgripforthebottlecaps.Withasimpletwistofthedevice,hergrandmother

couldopenbottleswithouthelp.（他用了一塊手機(jī)形狀的木頭。接下來，她在木頭上打了三個(gè)不同大小的洞，

這樣它們就可以匹配普通瓶蓋的大小。每個(gè)洞里都有一層干燥的、粘稠的熱膠，可以牢牢地抓住瓶蓋。只

要簡單地扭動(dòng)一下這個(gè)裝置，她的祖母就能在沒有幫助的情況下打開瓶子。）”可知，阿拉娜的祖母可以通過

扭轉(zhuǎn)有洞的裝置輕松打開瓶子。故選C。

22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中"Robertsimplifiedarobotic“thirdthumb,,devicecreatedbyaLondon

designer.Heusedrubberbandsanda3D-printedplasticformtomaketheextra“thumb“whichcanfirmlysupport

thebottomofacup.（羅伯特簡化了一個(gè)由倫敦設(shè)計(jì)師設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)器人“第三根拇指”裝置。他用橡皮筋和3d打

印的塑料模型制作了一個(gè)額外的“拇指”，可以牢固地支撐杯子的底部。）”可知，Robert為了幫助他的祖父，

他用手帶和3d打印的表格制作了一個(gè)“拇指”。故選Do

23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Tofindasolutionforhergrandmotherwhohaddifficultyinopeningbottles,Alana

lookedatexistingbottleopenersandthenshecreatedherown.（為了解決祖母開瓶困難的問題，Alana查看了現(xiàn)

有的開瓶器，然后創(chuàng)造了自己的開瓶器。）"以及"Duetoarthritis,adiseasethatcausespaininoraroundthejoints,

Robert'sgrandfatherhadtroubleholdingacoffeecup.Robertsimplifiedarobotic"thirdthumb“devicecreatedby

aLondondesigner.Heusedrubberbandsanda3D-printedplasticformtomaketheextra“thumb“whichcan

firmlysupportthebottomofacup.（由于關(guān)節(jié)炎（一種會(huì)導(dǎo)致關(guān)節(jié)或關(guān)節(jié)周圍疼痛的疾?。?，羅伯特的祖父連拿

咖啡杯都有困難。羅伯特簡化了一個(gè)由倫敦設(shè)計(jì)師設(shè)計(jì)的機(jī)器人“第三根拇指”裝置。他用橡皮筋和3d打印

的塑料模型制作了一個(gè)額外的“拇指”，可以牢固地支撐杯子的底部。）”可知，“有創(chuàng)造力，體貼”最能描述文

章中的學(xué)生。故選B。

B

Oneoftheimprov（即興表演）classesIattendedregularlywastaughtbyJimCrannaeverySaturday

afternoon.Sometimes,asmanyastwenty-fivetosixty-plusfolksshowedup.Jimmadesuretofiteveryoneinso

theycouldimprovetheirskills.Theclasslastedforthreehours.Theusualcastofcomicactorsplayedimprov

comedygames.Andwewouldgotothenearestminimarketlocatedinthebuildingandgetasnackorcoffee

duringbreaks.

Oneday,threeofuswerestandingoutsidethebuilding,whenRobinWilliam-aninternationallyfamous

actorandcomicwalkedby,enjoyingthefreshbayair.Completelyfrozen,myfellowcomicscouldn'tsummonup

thecouragetojustsay"hi"toRobin,whowaswithafriend.Ifrozeforamoment,butthenIcomposedmyself.

Itoldthem,“Hey,ifyouguyscan'thandleit,thenIwillaskhimtocomeandjoinusforthesecondhalfof

class.9,Icouldhearthemmumbleundertheirbreath,“Yeah,sure,right.You5regoingtoaskRobinWilliamsto

cometoourcomedyclass.Goodluckwiththatone!”

SoIwentuptoRobinandhisfriendandaskedhimtojoinus."We'rehavinganimprovecomedyclass.

We'reonbreaknow,butwewouldbemosthumbledandhonoredifyouwouldjoinusforthesecondhalfofthe

class.9,Robinlookeddirectlyinmyeyesandsaidwithlittlehesitation,t4Okay.^^Itwaslikeagrown-upchildbeing

askedtocomeandplay.Withthat,heandhisfriendfollowedmeuptotheclass.

WhenhesawRobin,Jimsaid,“Ohmygoodness,lookwhoMichelineisbringingtoclass."Jim'seyeswere

allinastonishmentanddelight.6tWhy,it'sRobinWilliams!?,“Robinandhisfriendstayedtherestoftheclassandat

theendoftheclass,RobinandJimperformedaskit（滑稽短居U）.Weactuallywatchedhimshape-shiftashe

preparedphysicallyandmentallyforhismade-upcharacter.Hegaveithisall.Itwastrulymagical.^^

WhatadelightforallofusthatSaturdayafternoon!AllIknowisthatifIhadn'tgatheredupthecourageto

askRobintojoinus,noneofuswouldhavehadthatexperience.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“compose“meaninparagraph2?

A.Lookdown.B.Calmdown.C.Makeup.D.Pickup.

25.Whatdidtheauthorwanttoshowbytellingtheexperience?

A.Ifsnevertoolatetomend.B.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.

C.Abraveattemptishalfsuccess.D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

26.Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?

A.Itwastheauthor'spatiencethatmovedRobinWilliams.

B.JimCrannawaswaitingforRobinWilliamstocometotheclass.

C.RobinWilliamsgavealectureonplayingimprovcomedygames.

D.Micheline'sfriendsdidn'thavethebraverytoinviteRobinWilliams.

27.WhatkindofpersonwasRobinWilliamsmostlikelytobe?

A.Well-knownbutapproachable.B.Popularbuthumble.

C.Respectedbutcasual.D.Strictbutgenerous.

【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了作者在一次即興表演課的休息期間，偶遇了著名的喜劇演員，并鼓起

勇氣邀請(qǐng)他來為作者他們上喜劇課，以此告訴大家，敢于嘗試就有可能成功。

24.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上一句力frozeforamoment（我愣了一會(huì)兒）”以及下一句"Itoldthem,“Hey,if

youguyscan'thandleit,thenIwillaskhimtocomeandjoinusforthesecondhalfofclass.^^（我告訴他們，“嘿，

如果你們搞不定，那我就叫他來和我們一起上下半節(jié)課?？芍髡咭婚_始也不太敢上前邀請(qǐng)羅賓?威

廉斯，但是后來還是開口了，說明作者是穩(wěn)定了一下情緒。由此推知，劃線詞compose與B項(xiàng)：calmdown（冷

靜下來）的意思接近。故選B項(xiàng)。

25.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Itoldthem,<4Hey,ifyouguyscan5thandleit,thenIwillaskhimtocomeand

joinusforthesecondhalfofclass?51couldhearthemmumbleundertheirbreath,66Yeah,sure,right.You'regoing

toaskRobinWilliamstocometoourcomedyclass.Goodluckwiththatone!”（我對(duì)他們說:"嘿，如果你們搞不定

的話，那我就請(qǐng)他來和我們一起上下半節(jié)課。”我能聽到他們低聲嘟嚷著:“是啊，當(dāng)然，沒錯(cuò)。你要邀請(qǐng)羅

賓?威廉姆斯來上我們的喜劇課。祝你好運(yùn)!）”以及后文可知，作者和同學(xué)們偶遇著名喜劇演員卻都不敢上前

打招呼，最后作者鼓起勇氣開口打招呼，并邀請(qǐng)這名喜劇演員為他們上戲劇課。結(jié)果該喜劇演員不僅毫不

猶豫地同意了作者的請(qǐng)求，還給他們展示了精彩的表演。結(jié)合最后一段“Whatadelightforallofusthat

Saturdayafternoon!AllIknowisthatifIhadn'tgatheredupthecouragetoaskRobintojoinus,noneofuswould

havehadthatexperience.（那個(gè)星期六下午我們大家都很高興!我只知道，如果我沒有鼓起勇氣邀請(qǐng)羅賓加入我

們，我們都不會(huì)有這樣的經(jīng)歷）”推知，文章想告訴我們的是敢于邁出嘗試的一步，就有可能成功，即勇敢的

嘗試是成功的一半，C.Abraveattemptishalfsuccess（勇敢的嘗試是成功的一半）符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。

26.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段"Completelyfrozen,myfellowcomicscouldn'tsummonupthecouragetojustsay

“hi”toRobin,whowaswithaMend.（我的喜劇演員同伴們完全愣住了，沒能鼓起勇氣向羅賓打招呼，羅賓身

邊還有一個(gè)朋友）”和第三段的“Itoldthem,"Hey,ifyouguyscan'thandleit,thenIwillaskhimtocomeandjoin

usforthesecondhalfofclass.^^（我告訴他們，“嘿，如果你們搞不定，那我就叫他來和我們一起上下半節(jié)課。

可知，作者的同伴見到著名喜劇演員羅賓?威廉斯時(shí)全都愣住了，甚至不敢上前和他打招呼，更不敢鼓起勇

氣邀請(qǐng)羅賓。故選D項(xiàng)。

27.推理判斷題。文章第二段“Oneday,threeofuswerestandingoutsidethebuilding,whenRobinWilliam一an

internationallyfamousactorandcomicwalkedby,enjoyingthefreshbayair.（有——天，我們?nèi)齻€(gè)人站在大樓夕卜面，

國際著名演員兼喜劇演員羅賓?威廉斯走過，享受著海灣的新鮮空氣）”提到，羅賓?威廉斯很出名；再根據(jù)第

四段"Robinlookeddirectlyinmyeyesandsaidwithlittlehesitation,"Okay.”（羅賓直視著我的眼睛，毫不猶豫地

說：“好的，，），，可知，作者邀請(qǐng)羅賓?威廉斯為他們上課的時(shí)候，他毫不猶豫地答應(yīng)了，由此可知，羅賓?威廉

斯是個(gè)平易近人的人。故選A項(xiàng)。

C

Researchhasshowedphysicalactivitiesareveryimportantforstudents.Somanyschoolsarenow

encouragingstudentstotakepartinanyformofhealthyexercise.

Physicaleducationisanimportantpartofhealthylivingforpeopleofallagegroups,especiallyforthe

students.Thisisbecauseschoollifeisfullofstress.

Besidesthat,intoday'sworld,manyschoolchildreneatunhealthyfoods.Thesemayincludesoftdrinks,

pizzasandburgers.Eatingthesefoodscanmakeschoolchildrengainweight.

Physicaleducationatschoolhelpspreventschoolchildrenfromputtingonweight.Physicalexerciseand

activitieswillhelpthembumoffmorecalories（卡路里）.Ifthesecaloriesarenotburnedoff,theywillbestoredas

fat.

Atthesametime,suchactivitiesplayanimportantroleinthegrowthanddevelopmentofthebones（骨骼）.

Exercisesuchasjumpingisespeciallyimportantforschoolchildren.

Aphysicallyactivestudentwillalsohaveahealthyheart.Researchshowsthatkidswhoperformaerobic（有

氧的）exercise,twotothreetimesaweekforatleasttwentyminutes,haveahealthierheartcomparedwiththose

whodon'ttakepartinphysicalexercise.Somekindsofthehealthyaerobicexerciseareplayingbasketball,playing

soccerandsoon.

28.Whataremanyschoolsencouragingtheirstudentstodo?

A.Studyhardandgetgoodgrades.

B.Joinindifferentkindsofsportsgames.

C.Takepartinanyformofhealthyexercise.

D.Takepartindifferentkindsofafter-schoolactivities.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gain"meaninParagraph3?

A.PreventB.DiscussC.LoseD.Increase

30.Whatdoesthewritermainlytellusinthepassage?

A.Ifsnoteasyforstudentstoreceivephysicaleducation.

B.Physicalactivitiesaregoodforstudentsinmanyways.

C.Thosewhodon'ttakepartinphysicalexercisecan'tkeepfit.

D.Studentsshouldhavemoretimetoreceiveknowledgeandeducation.

31.Whafsthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Healthylivinghabits

B.Students5schoollife

C.Exercisemoretokeephealthy

D.Differentkindsofaerobicexercise

【答案】28.C29.D30.B31.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了體育活動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)生的重要性，如減輕壓力、控制體重、促進(jìn)骨

骼發(fā)育和維持心臟健康等。

28.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Researchhasshowedphysicalactivitiesareveryimportantforstudents.So

manyschoolsarenowencouragingstudentstotakepartinanyformofhealthyexercise.（研究表明體育活動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)

生來說非常重要。所以現(xiàn)在許多學(xué)校都鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生參加任何形式的健康運(yùn)動(dòng)）”可知，現(xiàn)在許多學(xué)校都鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生

參加任何形式的健康運(yùn)動(dòng)。故選C。

29.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞上文“Besidesthat,intoday'sworld,manyschoolchildreneatunhealthyfoods.

Thesemayincludesoftdrinks,pizzasandburgers.（除此之外，在當(dāng)今世界，許多學(xué)生吃不健康的食物。這些食

物可能包括軟飲料、披薩和漢堡）”以及下一段“Physicaleducationatschoolhelpspreventschoolchildrenfrom

puttingonweight.Physicalexerciseandactivitieswillhelpthembumoffmorecalories（卡路里）.（學(xué)校的體育教

育有助于防止學(xué)生發(fā)胖。體育鍛煉和活動(dòng)可以幫助他們消耗更多的卡路里）”可推測，這些不健康的食品會(huì)讓

孩子的體重增加。由此可知，劃線單詞的意思和“增加”相似。選項(xiàng)A'Trevent（防止廣；選項(xiàng)B“Discuss（討論廣;

選項(xiàng)C“Lose（失去）”；選項(xiàng)D力ncrease（增加）故選D。

30.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Physicaleducationisanimportantpartofhealthylivingforpeopleofallage

groups,especiallyforthestudents.（體育教育是各年齡段人群，尤其是學(xué)生健康生活的重要組成部分廣、第四

段“Physicaleducationatschoolhelpspreventschoolchildrenfromputtingonweight.（學(xué)校的體育教育有助于防

止學(xué)生發(fā)胖）"、第五段"Atthesametime,suchactivitiesplayanimportantroleinthegrowthanddevelopmentof

thebones（骨骼）.Exercisesuchasjumpingisespeciallyimportantfbrschoolchildren.（同時(shí)，這些活動(dòng)在骨骼的

生長和發(fā)育中起著重要作用。像跳躍這樣的運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)齡兒童尤其重要）”以及第六段“Aphysicallyactive

studentwillalsohaveahealthyheart.（積極鍛煉身體的學(xué)生也會(huì)有健康的心臟）”可知，文章主要告訴我們體育

活動(dòng)在很多方面對(duì)學(xué)生都有好處。故選B。

31.主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Researchhasshowedphysicalactivitiesareveryimportantfbrstudents.So

manyschoolsarenowencouragingstudentstotakepartinanyformofhealthyexercise.（研究表明體育7舌動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)

生來說非常重要。所以現(xiàn)在許多學(xué)校都鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生參加任何形式的健康運(yùn)動(dòng)）”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要討

論了體育運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)學(xué)生有很大的好處，如減輕壓力、控制體重、促進(jìn)骨骼發(fā)育和維持心臟健康等。所以“Exercise

moretokeephealthy（多運(yùn)動(dòng)以保持健康）”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選C。

D

Imagineiftherewerearoboticfishthatfilteredmicroplasticoutofthewaterasitswam.Well,nowthereis

one,andifsthephysicalversionofthewinningconceptinthefirst-everNaturalRoboticsContest.

AnnouncedthisMay,theUniversityofSurrey'sNaturalRobotsContestinvitedmembersofthepublicto

givetheirconceptsforanimal-orplant-inspiredrobotscapableofperformingactivitiesthatwouldhelptheworld.

PlanscalledforexpertsfromvariousBritishandEuropeanresearchcenterstoselectwhattheythoughtwas

thebestconcept,whichwouldthenbemadeintoarealrobot.Engineerswouldproceedtofurtherdevelopthe

technology.

Thewinningconceptturnedouttobetheplastic-collectingRobo-fish,designedbychemistrystudent

EleanorMackintosh-whoisaUniversityofSurreystudent.Mackintoshsaid,"Fish'sgillsareanincredible

mechanisminnaturethatarespecializedtofilteroxygenintothebloodstream-soIadaptedmydesignfromthat,

withthepurposeofdealingwiththeplasticpollutioninthewater."

Therobotswimsbymovingitstail,holdingitsmouthwideopento-collectwaterandmicroplasticsinits

bellyasitdoesso.Oncethatcavityisfull,therobotclosesitsmouth,opensitsgills,andpushesthewaterout

through.Afinenetattachedtothegillflapsallowsthewatertopassthrough,butcapturesthemicroplastic.

Initscurrentphysicalform,the50-cm-longRobo-fishcollectsmicroplasticassmallas2millimeters.Italso

usessensorstomonitorunderwaterenvironment,plusittracksitsmovementswithinthewater.

Futurerobotscouldcapturemuchsmallerparticles.Otherpossibleimprovementsincludeafasterbodyshape,

amorepowerfultail,andtheabilitytoswimautonomously.

32.HowdotheparticipantsattendtheNaturalRoboticsContest?

A.Byhandinginrealrobots.B.Bysendingtheconceptsofrobots.

C.Byselectingthebestrobotconcepts.D.Bydevelopingthetechnologyofrobots.

33.WhatinspiredMackintoshtodesigntherobot?

A.Theenthusiasmforrobots.B.Thefunctionoffish'sgills.

C.Thebodyshapeofthefish.D.Theplasticpollutioninthewater.

34.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowinparagraph5?

A.Howtheroboticfishworksinwater.B.Howtheroboticfishisfurtherimproved.

C.WhyMackintosh'srobotwonthecontest.D.Whatmaterialstheroboticfishismadeof.

35.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?

A.TheFirstBio-InspiredRoboticsContestB.TheOne-Size-Fits-AllSolutiontoPlastics

C.AnAutonomouslyOperativeRoboticFishD.AStudent-DesignedPlastic-CollectingFish

【答案】32.B33.B34.A35.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要敘述薩里大學(xué)自然機(jī)器人競賽中，一名學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)的塑料收集機(jī)器魚

獲獎(jiǎng)。具體介紹了其運(yùn)作過程、現(xiàn)狀即未來發(fā)展。

32.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AnnouncedthisMay,theUniversityofSurrey'sNaturalRobotsContestinvited

membersofthepublictogivetheirconceptsforanimal——orplant-inspiredrobotscapableofperformingactivities

thatwouldhelptheworld.（今年5月，薩里大學(xué)舉辦了自然機(jī)器人大賽，邀請(qǐng)公眾提出他們的概念，設(shè)計(jì)以動(dòng)

物或植物為靈感的機(jī)器人，這些機(jī)器人能夠從事幫助世界的活動(dòng)）”可知，參與者提交機(jī)器人創(chuàng)意參加競賽。

故選Bo

33.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Mackintoshsaid,"Fish'sgillsareanincrediblemechanisminnaturethatare

specializedtofilteroxygenintothebloodstream-soIadaptedmydesignfromthat,withthepurposeofdealing

withtheplasticpollutioninthewater.”（Mackintosh說：“魚的鯉是一種令人難以置信的自然機(jī)制，專門用于將

氧氣過濾到血液中，所以我以此為基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)，目的是處理水中的塑料污染?？芍?，Mackintosh受

到魚鰥功能的啟示而創(chuàng)造了塑料收集機(jī)器魚。故選B。

34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Therobotswimsbymovingitstail,holdingitsmouthwideopento-collectwater

andmicroplasticsinitsbellyasitdoesso.Oncethatcavityisfull,therobotclosesitsmouth,opensitsgills,and

pushesthewateroutthrough.Afinenetattachedtothegillflapsallowsthewatertopassthrough,butcapturesthe

microplastic.（機(jī)器人通過移動(dòng)尾巴來游泳，同時(shí)張開嘴巴收集水和腹部的微塑料。一旦這個(gè)洞被填滿，機(jī)器

人就會(huì)閉上嘴巴，張開鯉，把水?dāng)D出去。附著在鯉瓣上的細(xì)網(wǎng)允許水通過，但會(huì)捕獲微塑料）”可知，該段主

要介紹機(jī)器魚在水中的工作原理。故選A。

35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“AnnouncedthisMay,theUniversityofSurrey'sNaturalRobotsContestinvited

membersofthepublictogivetheirconceptsforanimal—orplant-inspiredrobotscapableofperformingactivities

thatwouldhelptheworld.（今年5月，薩里大學(xué)舉辦了自然機(jī)器人大賽，邀請(qǐng)公眾提出他們的概念，設(shè)計(jì)以動(dòng)

物或植物為靈感的機(jī)器人，這些機(jī)器人能夠從事幫助世界的活動(dòng)）”以及第四段“Thewinningconceptturned

outtobetheplastic-collectingRobo-fish,designedbychemistrystudentEleanorMackintosh-whoisaUniversity

ofSurreystudent.（最終勝出的概念是由薩里大學(xué)化學(xué)系學(xué)生埃莉諾?麥金托什設(shè)計(jì)的塑料收集機(jī)器魚）”結(jié)合

文章主要敘述薩里大學(xué)自然機(jī)器人競賽中，一名學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)的塑料收集機(jī)器魚獲獎(jiǎng)。具體介紹了其運(yùn)作過程、

現(xiàn)狀即未來發(fā)展。故D選項(xiàng)“學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)的塑料收集魚”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選D。

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，共12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

FourTipsforUsingLessPlastic（塑料）

Asweallknow,theworldhasaplasticproblem-anditisincreasing.Scientistsareworkingtofind

along-termsolutionbymakingplasticmorebiodegradable（生物可降解的）.36

Quitusingplasticbags.37PeopleuseatrillionplasticbagsworldwideeveryyearAbout10percent

areusedintheUnitedStatesalone.ThafsalmostonebagperAmericanperday.Incontrast,theaverageDanish

usesfoursingle-usebagsperyear.Today,othercountries（suchasGermanyandNewZealand）eithermake

customerspayforplasticbagsorhavestoppedusingthemcompletely.

38Today,around83billionplasticstraws（吸管）pollutetheworld'sbeaches.Sowhenyouordera

drink,saynotothestraw,orbringyourownreusableone.In2018,SeattlebecamethefirstmajorU.S.citytoban

plasticstraws,andmanyothercitiesaresettofollowitsexample.

Don'tuseplasticbottles.Buyareusablebottleandfillitwithanytypeofdrinkyoulike.Somecities,like

BundanooninAustraliaandSanFranciscointheU.S.,havecompletelyorpartially（部分地）startedquitting

bottledwater39.

Avoidplasticpackaging.Buybarsoapinsteadofliquidsoapinplasticcontainers.Don'tbuyfruitor

vegetablesinplasticpackaging.40Theyalsowanttotaxplastictakeoutcontainers.

A.Don'tuseplasticstraws.

B.Don'tpollutethebeaches.

C.Instead,takeyourownreusableshoppingbagtothestore.

D.Therefore,pollutionhasbeenlargelydecreasedacrosstheworld.

E.IntheU.K.,leadersarecallingforsupermarketstohaveplastic-freeareas.

F.Globally,however,peoplestillbuynearlyamillionplasticbottleseveryminute.

G.Butinthemeantime,herearefourthingsyoucandotoreduceplasticwastenow.

【答案】36.G37.C38.A39.F40.E

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了減少使用塑料的四個(gè)技巧。

36.本艮據(jù)上文“Asweallknow,theworldhasaplasticproblem——anditisincreasing.Scientistsareworkingto

findalong-termsolutionbymakingplasticmorebiodegradable（生物可降解的）.（眾所周知,世界上存在塑料問

題，而且問題還在增加?？茖W(xué)家們正在努力通過使塑料更具生物降解性來尋找長期解決方案。）”可知，空處

承上啟下，在下文中介紹減少塑料垃圾的方法，與G^uButinthemeantime,herearefourthingsyoucandoto

reduceplasticwastenow.（但與止匕同時(shí)，你現(xiàn)在可以做以下四件事來減少塑料垃圾。）”上下文一致，符合文意，

故選G項(xiàng)。

37.根據(jù)上文“Quitusingplasticbags.（戒掉使用塑料袋。）”可知，下文將講述使用其他的購物袋，與C項(xiàng)“Instead,

takeyourownreusableshoppingbagtothestore.（取而代之的是，帶上自己的可重復(fù)使用的購物袋到商店。）”

上下文一致，符合文意，故選C項(xiàng)。

38.根據(jù)下文“Today,around83billionplasticstraws（吸管）pollutetheworld'sbeaches.（今天，大約有830億根

塑料吸管污染了世界的海灘。）”可知，空處作者是要建議不使用吸管，與A項(xiàng)“Don'tuseplasticstraws.（不要

使用塑料吸管。廠上下文一致，故選A項(xiàng)。

39.根據(jù)上文“Don'tuseplasticbottles.（不要使用塑料瓶。）”可知，本段與塑料瓶有關(guān)，與F項(xiàng)“Globally,however,

peoplestillbuynearlyamillionplasticbottleseveryminute.（然而，在全球范圍內(nèi)，人們?nèi)匀幻糠昼娰徺I近一百

萬個(gè)塑料瓶。廠上下文一致，符合文意，故選F項(xiàng)。

40.根據(jù)下文“Theyalsowanttotaxplastictakeoutcontainers.（他們還想對(duì)塑料外賣容器征稅。）“可知，空處

內(nèi)容與與"They”有關(guān)，E項(xiàng)“IntheU.K.,leadersarecallingforsupermarketstohaveplastic-freeareas.（在英國，

領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人呼吁超市設(shè)立無塑料區(qū)。）”上下文一致，leaders與They前后呼應(yīng)，故選E項(xiàng)。

第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

WhenIwasgrowingup,IhadanoldneighbournamedDrGibbs.Hedidn'tlooklikeanydoctorI'dever

known.Henever41atusforplayinginhisyard.Irememberhimassomeonewhowasalotnicerthan

mostoftheadultsinourcommunity.

WhenDrGibbswasn'tsavinglives,hewasplantingtrees.Hishousesatontenacres,andhisliffe'sgoalwas

tomakeita42.

Thegooddoctorhadsome43theoriesconcerningplantcareandgrowth.Heneverwateredhisnew

trees,whichflewinthefaceofconventional（傳統(tǒng)的）wisdom.OnceIaskedwhy.Hesaidthatwateringplants

44themsothateachfollowingtreegenerationwouldgrow45.Soyouhavetomakethings

46forthemandweedout（淘汰）theweakertreesearlyon.

Hetalkedabouthowwateringtreesmadeforshallowroots,andhowtreesthatweren'twateredhadtogrow

deeproots47water.Itookhimtomeanthatdeeprootsweretobe48.

DrGibbs49acoupleofyearsafterIlefthome.Everynowandagain,Iwalkedbyhishouseand

lookedatthetreesthatI'dwatchedhimplantsometwenty-fiveyearsag