2022-2023學(xué)年遼寧省大連市高三上學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案

2022-2023學(xué)年遼寧省大連市高三上學(xué)期期末英語試題及答案注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2.作答時，務(wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無效。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whendidthematchactuallystart?A.At5:45pm.B.At6:15pm.C.At6:30pm.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heprefersstudytoapicnic.B.Hedislikesautumn.C.Heisratherbusy.3.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Interviewerandinterviewee.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Hostandguest.4.Whatdoesthemanintendtodo?A.Makefriends.B.Collectpapers.C.Dothetyping.5.Whichshoesaremoreexpensive?A.Theredones.B.Thewhiteones.C.Theblueones.第二節(jié)(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhydoesthewomanwantthemantoturntheTVup?A.Towatchtheweatherreport.B.Towatchthenews.C.Towatchadvertisements.7.What’sthewinterlikeinthisarea?A.It’snotcold.B.Itisoftenwindy.C.Itseldomsnows.聽第7段材料，回答第8至第10三個小題。8.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Openanaccount.B.Savesomemoney.C.Withdrawsomemoney.9.Whydoesthemanhavetowait?A.Thepowerisoff.B.Therearemanypeople.C.Thecomputerisdown.10.Whenwillthemantakethemoney?A.Afewminuteslater.B.Tomorrow.C.Severalhourslater.聽第8段材料，回答第11至第13三個小題。11.What’stheCourseFive-one-fourabout?A.Children’sliteracy.B.Testing.C.Advancedmaths.12.Whatcanhelpthewomanchangethecourse?A.Herrecords.B.Herpapers.C.Herdegree.13.Whatisthewomangoingtodonext?A.Signhername.B.Fixthepaperup.C.Gotoanotheroffice.聽第9段材料，回答第14至第17四個小題。14.Whoistheman?A.Aphysician.B.Anoperator.C.Anurse.15What’swrongwiththewoman’sbrother?A.Hehurthisleg.B.Hewasoutofbreath.C.Helostconsciousness.16.Whatinformationisneeded?A.Thebrother’sname.B.Thewoman’slocation.C.Thewoman’sphonenumber.17.Whatistheman’ssuggestion?A.Keepingcool.B.Sendingforadoctor.C.Movingtoasafeplace.聽下面一段獨白，回答第18至第20三個小題。18.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thebasicinformationofmiludeer.B.Theimportanceofdeerconservation.C.Therelationshipbetweendeerandman.19.Whatdothemiludeereatinautumn?A.Grass.B.Fruitsandnuts.C.Dryleaves.20.Whatmakesamiludeerdifferentfromotherdeer?A.Abettersenseofsmell.B.Brightercolour.C.Biggerfeet.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié),滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A。WRITETOUS!SENDUSYOURSTORIES,JOKESANDLETTERSORVISITOURWEBSITEWEPAY...￡50forthestarletterand￡30forregularletters.Emailreadersletters@readersdigest.co.ukorgotoreadersdigest.co.uk/contact-usWEALSOPAY...￡30forthetruestoriesand￡20forjokesinLaugh!Emailexcerpts@readersdigest.co.ukorgotoreadersdigest.co.uk/contact-usSORRY!Wecannotacknowledgeorreturnunpublisheditems.DonotsendSAEs.Longstories,poetryandcartoonsarenotrequested.Ensuresubmissionsarenotpreviouslypublished.CUSTOMERSERVICESContactCustomerServicesforrenewals(續(xù)訂),addresschanges,payments,accountinformationandallotherinformation.Call03303332220oremailcustomer_service@readersdigest.co.ukTALKINGMAGAZINESReadersDigestisalsoavailableinaudioandetexteditionsfromRNIBNewsagent,forblindandpartiallysightedreaders.CalltheRNIEBHelplineon03031239999orvisit.uk/newsagentSUBSCRIPTIONSAnnualsubscriptionsareavailabletobedeliveredmonthlydirecttoyourdoor.Forourlatestoffers,pleasevisitreadersdigest.co.uk/subscribeGiftsubscriptionsarealsoavailable.1.Whichofthefollowingsubmissionsarewelcome?A.Funnyjokes. B.Fantasystories. C.Poems. D.Publishedletters.2.Howcanreadersgettalkingmagazines?A.Emailexcerpts@readersdigest.co.uk. B.Gotoreadersdigest.co.uk/contact-us.C.Call03303332220. D.Visit.uk/newsagent.3.Whatcansubscribersdo?A.Buyanypreviousissue. B.Enjoyhomedeliveryservice.C.Paysubscriptionfeesmonthly. D.ContactCustomersServiceforlatestoffers.【答案】1.A2.D3.B【解析】【導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文介紹了Reader’sDigest雜志的投稿、訂閱、客服等方面的信息?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“WEALSOPAY...”部分“￡20forjokesinLaugh(笑話稿費20英鎊)”可知，雜志收錄笑話的投稿。而文中左邊第三部分“Longstories,poetryandcartoonsarenotrequested.Ensuresubmissionsarenotpreviouslypublished.(不要求長故事、詩歌和卡通。確保提交的內(nèi)容以前沒有發(fā)表過。)”以及“￡30forthetruestories(真實故事稿費20英鎊)”可知，幻想的故事、詩歌和已發(fā)表作品不需要，因此BCD選項不符合。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)問題題干“talkingmagazines”定位到右邊第二部分，文章中的網(wǎng)址“visit.uk/newsagent”可知，要訂閱雜志可以登錄這個網(wǎng)站。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)問題題干“subscribers”定位到右邊第三部分，文中“Annualsubscriptionsareavailabletobedeliveredmonthlydirecttoyourdoor.(年度訂閱可每月直接送貨上門。)”可知，年度訂閱可以享受送貨服務(wù)。故選B項。BCitieshavebeendescribedasessentialtoclimatechangesolutions,buttheycanalsoraisethekindsofecologiststhatwillbringusintoamorecomprehensivebiologicalfuture.AsablackwildlifebiologistfromPhiladelphia,Istoodoutamongmycoworkers.Mypresenceinecologyhaschallengedassumptionsaboutnotonlywhatabiologistlookslike,butalsowhereabiologistcomesfrom.IntheU.S.,ecologywasandismainlywhiteandconductedinrurallandscapes,butIhadnohistoryofcamping,fishing,huntingorhiking.IhadyettorecognizethatPhiladelphia,withitsfourseasonsandrichnessofsquirrels(松鼠),rowhomesandfestivals,wasactuallymyfirstecologicalclassroom.ThereIwitnessedwildcatseatingbirdsandrats,peopleshootingbatsfromtheirhomesandsnakesbeingkilledbylawnmowers(割草機).Thisisasmuchecologyinactionasanythingwewitnessinfieldsandforests.Urbanwildanimalsexhibitmanyfeaturesandbehaviorsthatsetthemapartfromtheirruraltwins:theymaybebigger,eatmorediversefoodsources,areactiveatdifferenttimesoftheday,movedifferentlyandhavedifferentpersonalities.Somebiologistsarguetheyareeven“smarter”.Besides,urbanwildlifebalancesmorerisks—suchasroadchemicalpoisonsanddiseasesfromdomesticanimals—withrewards.Someofthoserewardscomefromhumansprovidingfoodandsomefromthedistributionofourparksandwaterbodies.Inourprofessionallivesasbiologists,livingwithsuchwildanimalscanmakeusmoretolerantofspeciesdiversity,whichcanbenefitthenaturalworld.Natureisnolongeronlyprimitivewildernessbutincludessoundsofhumanlaughterandgarbagetrucks.Weexpectmorebiologistsfromurbansettingsbecauseurbanenvironmentsnaturallytrainkeenobserverswhoarethefutureofecology.4Whichmakestheauthorstandoutamonghiscoworkers?A.Hisnationality. B.Hiscitybackground.C.Hisinterestinoutdooractivities. D.Hisloveforanimals.5.Whatdoestheunderlined“they”inparagraph3referto?A.Urbanwildanimals. B.Ruralanimals.C.Domesticanimals. D.Wildlifebiologists.6.Whatdoweknowabouturbanwildanimals?ATheyhavetroubleingettingfood. B.Theyenjoysaferlivingconditions.C.Theydobetterinfightingdiseases. D.Theyaremoreadaptabletoenvironment.7.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.UrbanWildAnimalsSurvive. B.BenefitsofCityConservation.C.CitiesBuildBetterBiologists. D.ABlackBiologistfromPhiladelphia.【答案】4.B5.A6.D7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了一個來自城市的生物學(xué)家認為城市的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)和野外的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)一樣值得研究，并且期待未來能有更多來自城市環(huán)境的生物學(xué)家一起創(chuàng)造生態(tài)學(xué)的未來?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“AsablackwildlifebiologistfromPhiladelphia,Istoodoutamongmycoworkers.”（作為一名來自費城的黑人野生動物生物學(xué)家，我在同事中脫穎而出。）可知，作者與其他的生物學(xué)家與眾不同的地方在于他的城市背景。故選B項。【5題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Urbanwildanimalsexhibitmanyfeaturesandbehaviorsthatsetthemapartfromtheirruraltwins:theymaybebigger,eatmorediversefoodsources,areactiveatdifferenttimesoftheday,movedifferentlyandhavedifferentpersonalities.”（城市野生動物表現(xiàn)出許多將他們與農(nóng)村的雙胞胎兄弟們區(qū)分開來的特征和行為：他們更大，食物來源更加多樣，在一天中不同的時間段活動，行動也不同并且有不同的性格。）可知，第三段中的they指代的是上文提到的城市的野生動物。故選A項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Besides,urbanwildlifebalancesmorerisks—suchasroadchemicalpoisonsanddiseasesfromdomesticanimals—withrewards.Someofthoserewardscomefromhumansprovidingfoodandsomefromthedistributionofourparksandwaterbodies.”（此外，城市野生動物還能有回報地平衡更多的風(fēng)險——如道路化學(xué)毒物和來自家禽的疾病。其中一些這樣的回報來自于人類提供的食物，還有一些來自公園和水體的分布。）可知，和鄉(xiāng)村的野生動物相比，城市野生動物善于利用城市環(huán)境生存，推斷出他們更加適應(yīng)環(huán)境。故選D項?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Citieshavebeendescribedasessentialtoclimatechangesolutions,buttheycanalsoraisethekindsofecologiststhatwillbringusintoamorecomprehensivebiologicalfuture.”（城市對氣候改變的解決方式至關(guān)重要，但他們也可以培養(yǎng)出各種生態(tài)學(xué)家，將我們帶入一個更全面的生態(tài)學(xué)未來。）和最后一段“Weexpectmorebiologistsfromurbansettingsbecauseurbanenvironmentsnaturallytrainkeenobserverswhoarethefutureofecology.”（我們期待更多來自城市環(huán)境的生物學(xué)家，因為城市環(huán)境培養(yǎng)出對于生態(tài)環(huán)境的未來敏銳的觀察者。）可知，文章首尾呼應(yīng)，點明主題——城市可以培養(yǎng)出更好的生物學(xué)家。故選C項。CChattinginherbrighttwobedroomflat,ShirleyMeredeen,aged91,doesn’thesitateindescribingthebenefitsoflivinghere.“Itkeepsmybraingoing.Weareallveryactivebecausethereissomuchtodo...We’rereallyluckytohavesuchasupportivecommunity.”In1998,MeredeenfirstheardoftheconceptofcohousingasdevelopedintheNetherlandsanddecidedtocopyitsmodelintheUKandcreatetheOlderWomenCohousing(OWCH)withherfriends.Buttheydidn’timaginethatitwouldbean18-yearstruggle.Thenoveltyoftheideacoupledwiththelackofdatatoprovethesocialandeconomicbenefitsmadeitdifficultforthemtoaccesspublicmoney.Councilsalwayscomparedtheirideatoshelteredaccommodationandsawitasaburdenfortheiralreadyoverstretchedbudgets.Infact,thecommunity-ledhousingisadeparturefromtheconventionalunderstandingoflaterlife.Now,thecommunitycomprises25flatsaswellasasharedkitchen,meetingroom,laundry,garden,carparkandaguestroom.Peoplelivetogetherbasedoninterdependence.Theycantakecontroloftheirfutureinsteadofrelyingontheirfamiliesorcarehomes.Alltheneighbourslookoutforeachother,notaftereachother,whichmeansaccompanyingtomedicalappointments,doingthelocalshopping,havingfamilycontactsinpreparationforanemergency...Butthelimitsofsuchinformalcareamongresidentsstillneedtobeworkedout.OWCHhaspavedthewaytoalternativelivingarrangementsinlaterlifeandthesupportforcommunity-ledhousingisstartingtoemergeintheformofguidanceandfunding,accordingtoUKCohousingNetwork.8.WhatdoweknowaboutMeredeen?A.ShefirsttriedcohousingintheNetherlands.B.SheisaregularvisitortoOWCH.C.Sheisapioneerinelderlycareservice.D.ShefoundedOWCHsingle-handed.9.WhydidittakesuchalongtimetosetupOWCH?A.Itdidn’tbenefitsocialeconomy. B.Itdidn’tkeepupwiththetime.C.Itcalledforcarefulbudgeting. D.Itwashardtogetpublicfunding.10.WhichisprobablythereasonwhyseniorschooseOWCH?A.Theyaremoreindependent. B.Theyareresponsibleforeachother.C.Theyreceivemorecareservices. D.Theycanrelyontheirrelatives.11.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?A.Todescribeanambitiousfigure. B.Tointroduceanewlifestyleofseniors.C.Toensureelderlypeople’swelfare. D.Toinspiretheagedtoachievetheirdreams.【答案】8.C9.D10.A11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了ShirleyMeredeen與她的朋友一起創(chuàng)建“老年女性同居”養(yǎng)老模式，但是這種非正式護理在居民中的局限性仍有待解決?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“In1998,MeredeenfirstheardoftheconceptofcohousingasdevelopedintheNetherlandsanddecidedtocopyitsmodelintheUKandcreatetheOlderWomenCohousing(OWCH)withherfriends.(1998年，梅雷迪恩第一次聽說荷蘭開發(fā)的共居概念，并決定在英國復(fù)制其模式，與她的朋友一起創(chuàng)建了老年婦女共居（OWCH）)”可推知，Meredeen是老年護理服務(wù)的先驅(qū)。故選C。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Thenoveltyoftheideacoupledwiththelackofdatatoprovethesocialandeconomicbenefitsmadeitdifficultforthemtoaccesspublicmoney.(這個想法的新穎性加上缺乏證明社會和經(jīng)濟效益的數(shù)據(jù)，使得他們很難獲得公共資金)”可知，建立OWCH需要這么長時間是因為很難獲得公共資金，故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Theycantakecontroloftheirfutureinsteadofrelyingontheirfamiliesorcarehomes.(他們可以掌控自己的未來，而不是依賴家人或養(yǎng)老院)”可推知，老年人選擇OWCH的原因可能是他們更加獨立。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“In1998,MeredeenfirstheardoftheconceptofcohousingasdevelopedintheNetherlandsanddecidedtocopyitsmodelintheUKandcreatetheOlderWomenCohousing(OWCH)withherfriends.(1998年，梅雷迪恩第一次聽說荷蘭開發(fā)的共居概念，并決定在英國復(fù)制其模式，與她的朋友一起創(chuàng)建了老年婦女共居（OWCH）)”及最后一段中的“OWCHhaspavedthewaytoalternativelivingarrangementsinlaterlifeandthesupportforcommunity-ledhousingisstartingtoemergeintheformofguidanceandfunding,accordingtoUKCohousingNetwork.(據(jù)英國同居網(wǎng)絡(luò)報道，OWCH為以后的生活安排鋪平了道路，對社區(qū)主導(dǎo)住房的支持開始以指導(dǎo)和資助的形式出現(xiàn))”可推知，本文目的是介紹一種老年人的新生活方式。故選B。DWeliveinanagewhenallscientificknowledge—fromthesafetyofvaccines(疫苗)totherealityofclimatechange—facesorganizedandoftenangryopposition.Doubtershavedeclaredwarontheconsensus(共識)ofexperts.Itseemsthatpeoplehaveturnedargumentativeovernight.Inasense,allthisisnotsurprising.Ourlivesareaffectedbyscienceandtechnologyasneverbefore.Theworldseemsfullofrealandimaginarydangers.ThoughscientistsagreethattheEbolavirusisspreadonlybydirectcontactwithbloodorbodyfluids(液體),ifyoutype“airborneEbola”intoanInternetsearchengine,you’llfindthatsomepeoplebelievethatthisvirushasalmostsupernaturalpowers.Inthisoftenconfusingworld,weneedtorelyonsciencetodecidewhetherwhatwechoosetobelievehasabasisinthelawsofnatureornot.Butsciencedoesn’tcomenaturallytomostofus.Sciencehasoftenledustotruthsthatarereallymind-blowing.Forexample,althoughtheroundnessoftheEarthhasbeenknownforthousandsofyears,somestillfeelithardtoaccept.Evenwhenpeoplebecomescientificallyeducated,mostofthemstilltrytomakesenseoftheworldbyrelyingonpersonalexperience,storiesoremotionsratherthanstatistics.Whentheyhearanumberofcancercasesinatownwithadangerouswastedump(垃圾場),theybelievepollutioncausedthecancers.Yettwothingshappeningtogetherdoesn’tmeanonecausedtheother.EvenwhentheyturntotheInternet,theyletinonlytheinformationtheyagreewithtostrengthenbeliefsthathavealreadybeenshapedbytheirworldview.Howcanscientistsconvincedoubters?Throwingmorefactsatpeoplemaynotbeenough.Moreeffortsaresupposedtobemade.12.What’sthetextmainlyabout?A.Howpeopleviewtheworld. B.Whatchallengessciencefaces.C.Whetherscienceisworthrespect. D.Whypeopleshowdisbeliefinscience.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mind-blowing”probablymean?A.Unbelievable. B.Desirable. C.Dangerous. D.Obvious.14.Howdo“people”inparagraph4understandtheworld?A.Theyapplylogicalthinking.B.Theysticktotheirownbeliefs.C.Theyformtheviewsonassumptions.D.TheyrelyontheinformationontheInternet.15.Howdoestheauthorprovehisopinions?A.Throughcomparison. B.Throughquotation.C.Bygivingexamples. D.Bymakingdefinitions.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。我們生活在這樣一個時代，從疫苗的安全性到氣候變化的現(xiàn)實，所有的科學(xué)知識都面臨著有組織的、經(jīng)常是憤怒的反對。文章論述了為什么人們對科學(xué)表示懷疑?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Weliveinanagewhenallscientificknowledge—fromthesafetyofvaccines(疫苗)totherealityofclimatechange—facesorganizedandoftenangryopposition.(我們生活在這樣一個時代，從疫苗的安全性到氣候變化的現(xiàn)實，所有的科學(xué)知識都面臨著有組織的、經(jīng)常是憤怒的反對)”，第二段中的“Inasense,allthisisnotsurprising.(從某種意義上說，這一切并不令人驚訝)”，第三段中的“Butsciencedoesn’tcomenaturallytomostofus.(但科學(xué)對我們大多數(shù)人來說并不是天生的)”及第四段中的“Evenwhenpeoplebecomescientificallyeducated,mostofthemstilltrytomakesenseoftheworldbyrelyingonpersonalexperience,storiesoremotionsratherthanstatistics.(即使人們接受了科學(xué)教育，他們中的大多數(shù)人仍然試圖通過個人經(jīng)驗、故事或情感而不是統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)來理解世界)”可知，文章主要論述了為什么人們對科學(xué)表示懷疑。故選D?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Forexample,althoughtheroundnessoftheEarthhasbeenknownforthousandsofyears,somestillfeelithardtoaccept.(例如，盡管地球的圓度已經(jīng)有數(shù)千年的歷史，但有些人仍然覺得難以接受)”可知，有些事實和真相讓一些人難以接受。由此推知，劃線詞mind-blowing與unbelievable(難以置信的)意思接近。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Evenwhenpeoplebecomescientificallyeducated,mostofthemstilltrytomakesenseoftheworldbyrelyingonpersonalexperience,storiesoremotionsratherthanstatistics.Whentheyhearanumberofcancercasesinatownwithadangerouswastedump(垃圾場),theybelievepollutioncausedthecancers.Yettwothingshappeningtogetherdoesn’tmeanonecausedtheother.EvenwhentheyturntotheInternet,theyletinonlytheinformationtheyagreewithtostrengthenbeliefsthathavealreadybeenshapedbytheirworldview.(即使人們接受了科學(xué)教育，他們中的大多數(shù)人仍然試圖依靠個人經(jīng)驗、故事或情感來理解世界，而不是統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)。當他們聽說一個有危險垃圾場的小鎮(zhèn)上有一些癌癥病例時，他們認為是污染導(dǎo)致了癌癥。然而，兩件事同時發(fā)生并不意味著一件事導(dǎo)致了另一件事。即使他們求助于互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，他們也只允許他們同意的信息進入，以加強已經(jīng)被他們的世界觀所塑造的信念)”可推知，第四段中的人們依靠自己的信念去理解世界。故選B。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的“ThoughscientistsagreethattheEbolavirusisspreadonlybydirectcontactwithbloodorbodyfluids(液體),ifyoutype“airborneEbola”intoanInternetsearchengine,you’llfindthatsomepeoplebelievethatthisvirushasalmostsupernaturalpowers.(盡管科學(xué)家們一致認為埃博拉病毒只能通過直接接觸血液或體液傳播，但如果你在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)搜索引擎中輸入“空氣傳播埃博拉”，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)一些人相信這種病毒幾乎具有超自然的力量)”，第三段中的“Forexample,althoughtheroundnessoftheEarthhasbeenknownforthousandsofyears,somestillfeelithardtoaccept.(例如，盡管地球的圓度已經(jīng)有數(shù)千年的歷史，但有些人仍然覺得難以接受)”和第四段中的“Whentheyhearanumberofcancercasesinatownwithadangerouswastedump(垃圾場),theybelievepollutioncausedthecancers.Yettwothingshappeningtogetherdoesn’tmeanonecausedtheother.(當他們聽說一個有危險垃圾場的小鎮(zhèn)上有一些癌癥病例時，他們認為是污染導(dǎo)致了癌癥。然而，兩件事同時發(fā)生并不意味著一件事導(dǎo)致了另一件事)”可推知，作者通過舉例來證明了他的觀點。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。BackinJanuary,Iwasdeterminedtogetfitseriously.____16____ButthenjustasIwasclosetogivingupagain,Idiscoveredabrilliantnewwaytomakeexercisebetter:byturningitintoavideo-game.Zwiftisessentiallyacyclinggamethatyoucontrolbyridingyourrealbike,whichisequippedwithadevicecalledaturbo-trainer.Thismakesitlikeanexercisebike.Asyouride,thetrainersendssignalstoyourcomputerortablettocontrolthecharacteronscreen.____17____Forexample,asyou’recyclingupahillinthegame,youcanactuallyfeelthedifferentlevelsofresistanceonthebike.Aftersigningupfora￡12/monthsubscription,youcanparticipateinvirtualcycleridesin3D-recreationsofrealplaces,likeLondonorinfantasticalfictionallocationsinventedbythegamedesigners.____18____AsyoucyclealongTheMalltowardsBuckinghamPalace,otherrealhumancyclistsappearalongsideyou,sharingthejourney.Thoughitisobviouslyonlyagame,justseeingthecharactermoveissurprisinglymotivating.____19____Goalittlefasterandyou’llberewardedwithalittleachievementmarker.Ifyourideharder,youmightwinaraceagainstanotherrealplayerandunlockanewiteminaregularvideogame,whichcanneverbematchedbyatraditionalexercisebike.I’mnottheonlypersonwhohasnoticedthis.____20____Todaytherearemanyothercompanieschasingthesameaudience,andtheyalloffertheirownuniquetwistsontheformula.A.Zwiftmakesiteasytoworkout.B.Andimportantly,you’renotalone.C.Therestofthetechindustryhas,too.D.IplayedZwift,acyclinggamefortraining.E.Andthenthegamesendsinstructionsbacktothetrainer.F.Smartly,thetricksofvideo-gameswillkeeppushingyou.G.Thiswouldmeanhours’stretchingandsweatingeachweek.【答案】16.G17.E18.B19.F20.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一款叫做Zwift的自行車游戲健身軟件?！?6題詳解】上文“BackinJanuary,Iwasdeterminedtogetfitseriously.(早在一月份，我就下定決心要認真減肥)”提到了減肥，選項中this是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文的getfit呼應(yīng)，所以G選項“這意味著每周要花好幾個小時拉伸和流汗”承接上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，符合語境。故選G項。【17題詳解】上文“Asyouride,thetrainersendssignalstoyourcomputerortablettocontrolthecharacteronscreen.(當你騎的時候，訓(xùn)練器會向你的電腦或平板電腦發(fā)送信號來控制屏幕上的角色)”提到了發(fā)送信號，E項中sends是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文的sends呼應(yīng)，所以E選項“然后游戲?qū)⒅噶畎l(fā)送回訓(xùn)練器”承接上文內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選E項。【18題詳解】下文“AsyoucyclealongTheMalltowardsBuckinghamPalace,otherrealhumancyclistsappearalongsideyou,sharingthejourney.(當你沿著林蔭大道向白金漢宮騎行時，其他真正的騎自行車的人會出現(xiàn)在你身邊，分享你的旅程)”提到了其他騎自行車的人，B選項中notalone是關(guān)鍵詞，與下文的otherrealhumancyclists構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，所以B選項“重要的是，你并不孤單”，符合語境。故選B項?！?9題詳解】下文“Goalittlefasterandyou’llberewardedwithalittleachievementmarker.Ifyourideharder,youmightwinaraceagainstanotherrealplayerandunlockanewiteminaregularvideogame,whichcanneverbematchedbyatraditionalexercisebike.(再快一點，你就會得到一個小小的成就標記。如果你騎得更努力，你可能會在與另一個真正的玩家的比賽中獲勝，并在普通的電子游戲中解鎖一個新物品，這是傳統(tǒng)的健身自行車永遠無法比擬的)”提到了推動你不斷前進的一些技巧，F(xiàn)選項中pushing是關(guān)鍵詞，與下文的faster和harder呼應(yīng)，所以F選項“巧妙地，電子游戲的技巧將繼續(xù)推動你”能概括下文內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選F項?！?0題詳解】上文“I’mnottheonlypersonwhohasnoticedthis.(我不是唯一一個注意到這一點人)”提到了不是唯一的人，C選項中too是關(guān)鍵詞，與上文構(gòu)成順承關(guān)系，所以C選項“科技行業(yè)的其他公司也是如此”承接上文，符合語境。故選C項。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。I’mapproachingtheKnightStreetBridgeinmycar.It’s5:15pm.Thetrafficisalready____21____andthenitcomestoafullstop.I’m____22____evenbeforegettingonthebridge.Aheadofmeareendlessrowsof____23____,roughly300.WhenIfinally____24____itontothebridge,thetrafficisstillmovingataslowpace.Tiredandhungry,Ibecomevery____25____.JustthenIhearaweaksoundinthedistance.Thesoundgraduallybecomeslouder,untilIcan____26____itasanemergencyvehicleapproachingfrombehind.Whatdowedo?Thebridgeis____27____.There’snoroomforustomove.ButI’mwrong.Everysinglecarquickly,yet____28____,movestotheside.Withoutthinking,Ifollowsuit.Thelane(車道)remains____29____forafewseconds,duringwhichtheambulance_____30_____through.Afterward,wecloseuptheemergencylane,readytocontinueourwait.Backinmy_____31_____,myanxietyisgone.Istart_____32_____whatwejustdid.Despiteourtiredness,wecollectivelydrewonourcompassion(同情心)and_____33_____tohelpthestrangerwhoneededthetimemore_____34_____thanwedidwithoutanyorders.AlthoughImayseemalonestuckonthebridge,I’m_____35_____toalltheotherdrivers.Togetherwecouldmaketheimpossiblepossible.21.A.rushingin B.turningup C.pullingover D.slowingdown22.A.stuck B.fixed C.lost D.wrapped23.A.passers-by B.drivers C.vehicles D.taxis24.A.reach B.make C.step D.get25.A.disappointed B.joyful C.excited D.anxious26.A.realize B.identify C.imagine D.sense27.A.filled B.locked C.packed D.narrowed28.A.carefully B.gradually C.casually D.suddenly29.A.open B.messy C.crowded D.convenient30.A.crashes B.breaks C.jumps D.flashes31.A.car B.seat C.spot D.sight32.A.bringingup B.reflectingupon C.referringto D.focusingon33.A.gratitude B.generosity C.intelligence D.expectation34.A.desperately B.patiently C.flexibly D.temporarily35.A.devoted B.connected C.exposed D.abandoned【答案】21.D22.A23.C24.B25.D26.B27.A28.A29.A30.D31.C32.B33.B34.A35.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一天，作者被卡在大橋上擁堵的車流之中，這時一輛緊急車輛從后面駛來，橋上的車輛開始快速而小心地駛向一側(cè)，為緊急車輛讓出一個臨時緊急車道。隨后，大家都回到自己原來的位置，準備繼續(xù)等待。作者認識到雖然似乎是他獨自一人被困在橋上，但他和所有其他司機都有聯(lián)系，他們一起使不可能成為可能?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：交通已經(jīng)在減速，然后就完全停止了。A.rushingin沖進；B.turningup出現(xiàn)；C.pullingover靠邊停車；D.slowingdown減速。根據(jù)下文“thenitcomestoafullstop”可知，交通在減速。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我甚至在上橋之前就被卡住了。A.stuck卡住；B.fixed固定；C.lost丟失；D.wrapped包裹。根據(jù)下文“Aheadofmeareendlessrowsof____3____,roughly300.”可知，我被卡在擁堵的車流之中。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我前面是無盡的車輛，大約有300輛。A.passers-by路人；B.drivers司機；C.vehicles車輛；D.taxis出租車。根據(jù)上文“I’mapproachingtheKnightStreetBridgeinmycar.”及空后“roughly300”可知，我前面是無盡的車輛。故選C。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當我終于把車開到橋上時，車輛仍在緩慢行駛。A.reach達到；B.make成功；C.step邁步；D.get到達。根據(jù)上文“finally”可知，我把車開到了橋上，makeit(ontothebridge)成功上橋。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：又累又餓，我變得很焦慮。A.disappointed失望的；B.joyful高興的；C.excited興奮的；D.anxious焦慮的。根據(jù)上文“WhenIfinally____4____,thetrafficisstillmovingataslowpace.Tiredandhungry”及常識可知，在這種情況下，人們會變得很焦慮。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：聲音逐漸變大，直到我能認出它是一輛從后面駛來的緊急車輛。A.realize意識到；B.identify認出；C.imagine想象；D.sense覺察到。根據(jù)上文“JustthenIhearaweaksoundinthedistance.Thesoundgraduallybecomeslouder”可知，聲音逐漸變大，我認出它是一輛從后面駛來的緊急車輛。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：橋被填滿了。A.filled填滿的；B.locked糾纏不清的；C.packed擁擠的；D.narrowed狹小的。根據(jù)下文“There’snoroomforustomove.”可知，橋被填滿了，我們沒有移動的空間。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：每一輛車都快速而小心地向一側(cè)移動。A.carefully小心地；B.gradually逐漸地；C.casually偶然地；D.suddenly突然。根據(jù)上文“Thebridgeis____7____.There’snoroomforustomove.”可知，橋上幾乎沒有移動的空間，所以大家移動汽車時，非常小心。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：車道保持開放了幾秒鐘，在此期間救護車快速通過。A.open開放的；B.messy凌亂的；C.crowded擁擠的；D.convenient便利的。根據(jù)下文“Afterward,wecloseuptheemergencylane,readytocontinueourwait.”可知，車道保持開放了幾秒鐘，保證救護車能夠通過。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：車道保持開放了幾秒鐘，在此期間救護車快速通過。A.crashes碰撞；B.breaks損壞；C.jumps跳躍；D.flashes飛速運動。根據(jù)上文“forafewseconds”及常識可知，救護車快速通過臨時的車道。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回到我的位置，我的焦慮消失了。A.car汽車；B.seat座位；C.spot地點；D.sight視線。根據(jù)上文“Afterward,wecloseuptheemergencylane,readytocontinueourwait.”可知，我們關(guān)閉了應(yīng)急車道，又回到自己原來的位置，準備繼續(xù)等待。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我開始反思我們剛剛做了什么。A.bringingup撫養(yǎng)；B.reflectingupon反思；C.referringto參考；D.focusingon專注于。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，我開始反思我們剛剛做了什么。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我們很累，但我們還是共同利用我們的同情心和慷慨來幫助那些比我們沒有任何命令更迫切需要時間的陌生人。A.gratitude感激；B.generosity慷慨；C.intelligence智力；D.expectation期望。根據(jù)空前“wecollectivelydrewonourcompassion(同情心)”及上文內(nèi)容可知，我們共同利用我們的同情心和慷慨來幫助了陌生人。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管我們很累，但我們還是共同利用我們的同情心和慷慨來幫助那些比我們沒有任何命令更迫切需要時間的陌生人。A.desperately極其；B.patiently耐心地；C.flexibly靈活地；D.temporarily暫時。根據(jù)上文“Thelane(車道)remains____9____forafewseconds,duringwhichtheambulance____10____through.”及常識可知，對于急救車上的病人來說，時間就是生命，這些人迫切需要時間。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我似乎獨自一人被困在橋上，但我和所有其他司機都有聯(lián)系。A.devoted忠誠的；B.connected有聯(lián)系的；C.exposed無遮蔽的；D.abandoned被離棄的。根據(jù)上文“AlthoughImayseemalonestuckonthebridge,”及下文“Togetherwecouldmaketheimpossiblepossible.”可知，此處與上文形成讓步關(guān)系，雖然我似乎獨自一人被困在橋上，但我和所有其他司機都有聯(lián)系。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)脑~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ThefamousChinesefolksong,JasmineFlower(茉莉花),hasreacheda____36____(globe)audiencewithitscatchytuneandlyrics.____37____(equal)popularisthetraditionallymadeJasminetea,____38____eleganttastefascinatescountlessteadrinkers.____39____itcomestoJasmine,ChenChengzhonghasabigsay.The72-year-oldteamakerfromFuzhouCityisamasterinthe____40____(produce)ofJasminetea.Accordingtohisintroduction,thehotandwetclimateandtheredsoilinEastChina’sFujia