2024秋新教材高中英語Unit4NaturaldisastersSectionVBuildingUpYourVocabulary單元評(píng)定素養(yǎng)達(dá)標(biāo)演練達(dá)標(biāo)含解析新人教版必修第一冊(cè)

PAGE1-Unit4NaturaldisastersSectionⅤAssessingYourProgress&VideoTime[基礎(chǔ)測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅰ.依據(jù)句意及漢語提示寫出單詞1.Theheavyrainhascaused(洪水)inmanypartsofthecountry.

2.Workersbuilt(避難所)forsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.

3.Itisimportanttokeep(冷靜)inanemergency.

4.They(揮手)toustoshowthatweshouldstaywherewewere.

5.The(營(yíng)救,救援)workhasfinishedbasically.

6.Howtouse(電)safelyhasbecomegeneralknowledgeinourvillage.

7.Fromthenon,allsoldiersworethe(金屬)helmets.

8.Canyoutellthemeaningofthiswordfromits(上下文)?

9.Thereisonlyonethingthatpeoplecan’ttakeawayfromyou,andthatisyour(才智).

10.Smokingcan(損害)yourhealth.

答案：1.floods2.shelters3.calm4.waved5.rescue6.electricity7.metal8.context9.wisdom10.damageⅡ.單句語法填空1.Theoldmantookadeep(breathe),andbegantoclimbthestairs.

2.Iwas(shock)bythewayhetreatedhismother.

3.Hisfatherhadwishedto(bury)intheseaafterhedied.

4.He(strike)thepoordog,whichhadeverdonehimseriousharm.

5.Doyouthinkwhatwillhappenwhenfoodandpetrol(supply)runout?

6.Weallknowthatsomeofthoseearthquakescause(power)tsunamis.

7.Weshallrememberthesacrificesofthe(death)duringthebigfire.

8.Iamgladtosaythenewruleswillbecome(effect)inthenextfewdays.

9.Surprisingly,aletter(deliver)tomewithoutanystampsonit.

10.A(survive)ofaveryunpleasantexperienceisapersonwhohashadsuchanexperience,andwhoisstillaffectedbyit.

答案：1.breath2.shocked3.beburied4.struck5.supplies6.powerful7.dead8.effective9.wasdelivered10.survivorⅢ.完成句子1.這個(gè)會(huì)議太煩人了!看起來似乎要沒完沒了的開下去。Howboringthemeetingis!itwouldneverend.

2.國慶節(jié)期間,我們所到之處都是人!DuringtheNationalDay,,thereweretonsofpeople!

3.我們應(yīng)當(dāng)對(duì)老人家表示敬重,他們也值得我們這么做。Weshouldshowourrespectto;theydeserveit.

4.我們?cè)谛强障侣端?在野外用餐。Wesleepoutunderthestars,andeatourmeals.

5.我們學(xué)校的學(xué)生人數(shù)每年都在增加。studentsinourschooleveryyear.

答案：1.Itseemsasif2.everywherewewent3.theold4.intheopenair5.Thenumberof;increasesⅣ.語法專練1.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneofpurposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.

2.Manyyoungpeople,mostofwerewell-educated,headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.

3.Heisthemanwaspraisedatthemeeting.

4.Willyoupleaselendmetheverybookyouboughtlastnight?

5.Whoisthehonestmanhetoldusinthestory?

6.Thegirllegwasbrokenintheearthquakewastakentothehospitalimmediately.

7.Helivesintheroom,thewindowoffacessouth.

8.HeisamanIbelieveweshouldrespect.

9.TheplaceinterestedmemostwastheSummerPalace.

10.YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanlosthisway.

答案：1.whose2.whom3.who/that4.that5.that6.whose7.which8.whom/who9.that/which10.who[提升測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅴ.閱讀理解ALastyear,IlivedinChileforhalfayear.IlivedwithaChileanfamilyandhadtheresponsibilitiesforanyChileanteenager.IhadgooddaysandbaddaysIdidn’tunderstand.Chuquicamata,myhostcommunity,isaminingcamp.WhenIarrivedthere,Iwasscared.ItwassodifferentfromwhatIwasusedto.Therewerelotsofdogsonthestreets,andtherewasnodowntown,fewsmoothlypavedstreets,andlittletodoforentertainment.Rainwasnotseenveryoften;earthquakesandwindstormswerefrequent.IhadstudiedSpanishfortwoandahalfyearsandwasalwaysoneofthebeststudentsinmyclass.ButinmyfirstweekinChileIwasonlyabletocommunicateandneededonepersontowhomIcouldexplainmyshock.Icouldn’tspeakthethoughtsinmyheadandthereweresomany.Mostexchangestudentsexperiencethislikeme.Cultureshockpresentsitselfineverythingfromincreasedaggressiontowardsthepeopletolackofappetite(食欲).Iwasrequiredtoovercomealldifficulties.Astimepassed,everythingchanged.IbegantoforgetthewordsinEnglishandtodreaminSpanishandloveChileanfood.Igotusedtonotdependingonexpensivethingsforfun.FuninChuquicamatawasbeingwithpeople.AndItookmaths,physics,chemistry,biology,Spanish,art,andphilosophy.Butthesacrificeswerenothingcomparedtothegain.Ilearnedhowtoacceptandtosucceedinanotherculture.Inowhaveadeeperunderstandingofbothmyselfandothers.1.WhydidtheauthorcometoChilelastyear?A.TopayavisittoChileasatourist.B.ToexperienceChileanlifeasateacher.C.TostudyChileancultureasacollegestudent.D.Tostudyknowledgeasanexchangestudent.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段第一句“Mostexchangestudentsexperiencethislikeme.”可知,作者是作為交換生去學(xué)習(xí)新學(xué)問,嘗試新文化的,故D項(xiàng)正確。答案：D2.OnarrivinginChile,whydidtheauthorfeelfrightened?A.Becausehedidnotknowhowtogetalongwiththelocalpeople.B.Becauseitwasfullofdangerslikeearthquakesandwindstorms.C.Becausethelivingconditionswereworsethanwhathewasusedto.D.Becauseitwasnotconvenientforhimtoshopthere.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“WhenIarrivedthere,Iwasscared.ItwassodifferentfromwhatIwasusedto.”及后面內(nèi)容的描述可知,這里的環(huán)境與條件和作者以前所經(jīng)驗(yàn)的大不相同,這使作者感到恐驚,故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C3.WhatdidtheauthormostprobablythinkofhislifeinChile?A.Wonderfulandworthwhile.B.Difficultbutmeaningful.C.Difficultandmeaningless.D.Boringanddisappointing.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Astimepassed,everythingchanged.IbegantoforgetthewordsinEnglishandtodreaminSpanishandloveChileanfood.”和最終一段中的“Butthesacrificeswerenothingcomparedtothegain.Ilearnedhowtoacceptandtosucceedinanotherculture.”可知,作者的看法與一起先時(shí)相比發(fā)生了很大改變,他感到那段時(shí)間雖然很難,卻是特別有意義的,故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutChileisTRUE?A.ItsofficiallanguagesareSpanishandEnglish.B.Itisadevelopingcountrywithoutforeignstudents.C.Itseldomrainsandnaturaldisastersoftenhappen.D.MostChileansarenotfriendlytoforeigners.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段可知,智利的官方語言是西班牙語,解除A項(xiàng);作者本身就是在智利的一名交換生,解除B項(xiàng);依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“...inChuquicamatawasbeingwithpeople.”可知,這里的人很簡(jiǎn)單交往,解除D項(xiàng);依據(jù)其次段中的“Rainwasnotseenveryoften;earthquakesandwindstormswerefrequent.”可知,C項(xiàng)表述正確。答案：CBTheGreatFireofLondonstartedintheveryearlyhoursof2September1666.Infourdaysitdestroyedmorethanthree-quartersoftheoldcity,wheremostofthehouseswerewoodenandclosetogether.Overonehundredpeoplebecamehomeless,butonlyafewlosttheirlives.ThefirestartedonSundaymorninginthehouseoftheKing’sbaker(面包師)inPuddingLane.Thebaker,withhiswifeandfamily,wasabletogetoutthroughawindowintotheroof.Astrongwindblewthefirefromthebakery(面包房)intoasmallhotelnextdoor.ThenitspreadquicklyintoThamesStreet.Thatwasthebeginning.Byeighto’clockthreehundredhouseswereonfire.OnMondaynearlyakilometreofthecitywasburningalongtheRiverThames.Tuesdaywastheworstday.Thefiredestroyedmanywell-knownbuildings,oldStPaul’sandtheGuildhallamongthem.SamuelPepys,thefamouswriter,wroteaboutthefire,“Peoplethrewtheirthingsintotheriver.Manypoorpeoplestayedintheirhousesuntilthelastmoment.Birdsfelloutoftheairbecauseoftheheat.”ThefirestoppedonlywhentheKingfinallyorderedpeopletodestroyhundredsofbuildingsinthewayofthefire.Withnothinglefttoburn,thefirebecameweakandfinallydiedout.Afterthefire,ChristopherWren,thearchitect(建筑師),wantedacitywithwiderstreetsandfinenewhousesofstone.Infact,thestreetsarestillnarrow(狹窄),buthedidbuildmorethanfiftychurches,amongthemthenewStPaul’s.Thefirecausedgreatpainandloss,butafteritLondonwasabetterplace:acityforthefutureandnotjustofthepast.5.Thefirebeganin.

A.ahotel B.thepalaceC.PuddingLane D.ThamesStreet解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“ThefirestartedonSundaymorninginthehouseoftheKing’sbakerinPuddingLane.”可知,大火發(fā)生在PuddingLane。答案：C6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“family”inthesecondparagraphmean?A.Home.B.Children.C.Wifeandhusband.D.Wifeandchildren.解析：詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)family所在句后面的“wasabletogetoutthroughawindow”,再結(jié)合and前面的“baker,hiswife”可知,能夠逃脫出去的應(yīng)當(dāng)是其他“家庭成員”,故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B7.Whydidthewritercite(引用)SamuelPepys?A.BecausePepyswasamongthoseputtingoutthefire.B.BecausePepysalsowroteaboutthefire.C.Toshowthatpoorpeoplesufferedmost.D.Togivethereadersaclearerpictureofthefire.解析：目的意圖題。依據(jù)第四段中的“SamuelPepys,thefamouswriter,wroteaboutthefire,‘Peoplethrewtheirthingsintotheriver.Manypoorpeoplestayedintheirhousesuntilthelastmoment.Birdsfelloutoftheair...’”可知,這是對(duì)災(zāi)難的描述,可以使讀者更清楚地了解火災(zāi)的狀況。答案：DⅥ.完形填空BillyArjanSinghwasawildlifeexpertinIndia.Singh1bigcatcuborphans(幼崽孤兒),suchasleopards(豹)andtigers.2Singh,oneleopardcuborphanthatgrewuponhisfarmwasnamedHarriet.But,shewasnota(n)3.SinghtaughtHarriethowto4inthewild.

5SinghreleasedHarriettotheforest,hekepttrackofherforawhile.He6whenHarrietwentawaytohavecubsofherown.Atthattimehe7hewouldneverseeheragain.

Then,floodscametotheriverandtheforest.Harrietandhertwocubswereindanger.8shehadlivedinthewildforyears,Harriet9theplacewhereshehadbeensafeasacub.Shetookoneofhercubsinhermouth.Then,HarrietswamacrosstherivertoSingh’s10,walkedintothekitchen,andputhercubonthefloor.HarrietwentbacktogethersecondcubandbroughtthecubtoSingh’shousetoo.Singh’scookmovedoutand11thekitchentotheleopards!

Harrietwatchedthe12everyday.Oneday,Harrietswamacrosstherivertoseeherhome.Shedecidedthatherhomewas13.Shetookthefirstcubacrosstheriver,14thecurrentintheriverwasstronganditwas15forhertoswimbacktothefarm.

Harrietknewthatsheshouldnot16acrosswiththesecondcub.17,Harriettookhercubinhermouth,walkedtoSingh’sboat,andjumpedin.WhenSingh18Harriet,heknewthatsheneeded19.Singhrowed(劃船)theleopardstotheforest.Harrietandhercubswereathomeinthewild20.Singhneversawheragainafterthat.

1.A.gottiredof B.tookcareofC.madeuseof D.tookadvantageof2.A.Becauseof B.AccordingtoC.Exceptfor D.Inrelationto3.A.