重難點11 主從復合句

重難點11主從復合句命題趨勢中考英語對主從復合句的考查集中在單項選擇題、完形填空、短文填空題?？疾橹攸c包括賓語從句、狀語從句和定語從句。本專題目的在于幫助學生梳理主從復合句的用法，以幫助同學們高效復習。重難詮釋賓語從句用法詳解：賓語從句是在主從復合句中作主句的賓語的句子。如Rosesaidshewouldvisitussometimenextweek.露絲說她下星期某時會來看我們?！骶鋸木?賓語從句)Couldyoutellmewhereheisfrom?你能告訴我他來自哪里嗎？↓↓主句從句(賓語從句)考點1：引導詞的選用(1).陳述句的引導詞用that，常可省略。IamgoingtomeetmynetfriendsinGuangzhou.Hesaid.→HesaidthathewasgoingtomeethisnetfriendsinGuangzhou.他說他將要在廣州見他的網(wǎng)友。(2).一般疑問句的引導詞用if/whether(是否)。（后有or、ornot時只用whether）Wouldyouliketoplaybasketballwithme?Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedtoplaybasketballwithhim.他問我是否會和他去打籃球。Isitafasttrainoraslowlyone?Iwantedtoknow.→Iwantedtoknowwhetheritwasafasttrainoraslowlyone.我想知道這是快車還是慢車。(3).特殊疑問句的引導詞用特殊疑問詞。Howoldareyou?Theywanttoknow.→Theywanttoknowhowoldyouare.他們想知道你多大年紀了。Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?Heaskedme.→HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodothisafternoon.他問我今天下午要做什么。考點2：語序(賓語從句中從句要用陳述句語序，即從句中的第1動詞在主語之后）HeaskedJane:“Whydon’tyoucome”?疑問語序(第1動詞don’t在主語you之前)HeaskedJanewhyshedidn’tcomelastnight.他問簡恩為什么昨晚她不來。陳述語序(第1動詞didn’t在主語you之后)LucywantedtoknowifIcouldmakeacakeforyou.露絲想知道我是否會為你做個蛋糕。特殊：①.What’swrongwith…在賓語從句中不變語序。如：Iwanttoknowwhat’swrongwithyou.我想知道你怎么啦。②.引導詞在從句中做主語時，語序不變。如：Jackaskedmewhowouldgiveusthelecturethisafternoon.杰克問我誰今天下午會給我們做報告。(who是引導詞，在賓語從句中作動詞wouldgive的主語，本身己是陳述語序，不需再變。)考點3：時態(tài)口訣：主現(xiàn)從實，主過從過，真理除外(1).主句是現(xiàn)在時(一般現(xiàn)在時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時)，從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)?！癑ohnspeakshighlyofyou.”Tomtellsme.→TomtellsmethatJohnspeakshighlyofme.湯姆告訴我約翰高度評價我。(主句用tells,是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句原時態(tài)是speaks,在這里還是用speaks)(2).主句是過去時(一般過去時，過去進行時)，從句只用過去某種相應時態(tài)?！癢henshallwehavethemeeting?”Theboyasked.→Theboyaskedwhentheyshouldhavethemeeting.男孩問他們應該什么時候開會。(主句用asked，是一般過去時，從句用相應的某種過去時，這里shall→should)(3).從句表示客觀真理或事實時，主句即使用過去時，從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時?！癟heearthgoesaroundthesun.”Theteachertoldthestudents.→Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.老師告訴學生們地球繞著太陽走。(主句用told,為一般過去時，但從句中theearthgoesaroundthesun是客觀事實，所以時態(tài)還用一般現(xiàn)在時，不用變)Jimaskedmewhetherthelighttravelsfasterthanthesound.考點4.賓語從句的注意問題（1）賓語從句與簡單句的轉換：當賓語從句的主語與主句的主語相同時，從句可以簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。如：Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon’tknowwhattodonext.我不知道接下來要做什么。（2）賓語從句的否定轉移：如果主句謂語動詞think，suppose，believe等后接賓語從句，且主句的主語是第一人稱，變否定句時應否定主句。如：Idon’tthinkyouareright.我認為你不對。狀語從句常見的狀語從句可分為：時間、條件、地點、原因、方式、讓步、比較、結果、目的等從句，由不同的引導詞引導。考點一：時間狀語從句引導詞用法例句whenwhen引導的時間狀語從句中既可接延續(xù)性動詞，也可接非延續(xù)性動詞，多用一般過去時TheyweretalkinghappilywhenIwalkedpastthedoor.當我從門前走過，他們正在開心地聊天。whilewhile強調(diào)主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生，所引導的時間狀語從句只能用延續(xù)性動詞，多用進行時態(tài)。MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.當媽媽在做飯的時候，我在做作業(yè)。not…until主句的謂語動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞，主句要用否定式，從句用肯定式。Thebuswon’tstartuntileverybodygetson.公共汽車直到每個人都上車才會發(fā)動。since主句謂語動詞一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句謂語動詞一般用一般過去時。Fiveyeashaspassedsincewesaweachotherlasttime.距離我們上次見面已經(jīng)五年過去了。beforebefore引導的從句表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之前。Weturnedoffthelightbeforeweleft.我們在離開前關了燈。afterafter引導的從句表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。Hewenttobedafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完工作后就去睡覺了。assoonas若主句為一般將來時，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。IwilltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.我一看見他，就會告訴他這個消息?？键c二：條件狀語從句條件狀語從句的引導詞主要有if和unless，兩者可轉換。在條件狀語從句中，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，即主將從現(xiàn)。如：Youwillfailtheexamifyoudon’tworkhard.=Youwillfailtheexamunlessyouworkhard.如果不努力學習，你考試會不及格的?？键c三：原因狀語從句原因狀語從句的引導詞有because，since，as等。注意：1.because和so不能同時使用。如：Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.他昨天沒來上學，因為他生病了。2.since引導原因狀語從句表示顯然的或已為人知的理由，表示“因為，既然”如：sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.既然大家都到期了，我們就開始吧?？键c四：讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句的引導詞有though/although，eventhough/if等。注意：though/although與but不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子里。如：Thoughheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.雖然他身體不好，但是他工作很努力?？键c五：結果狀語從句結果狀語從句的引導詞有so/such…that…等。（1）區(qū)分兩種句式：①so+adj./adv.+that…②such+(a/an)+adj.+n.+that…如：TomissocleverthathelearnsChinesewell.=TomissuchacleverboythathelearnsChinesewell.湯姆如此聰明，語文學得很好。（2）注意：當名詞前有much，many，little，few等詞修飾時，只能用so。如：Youcan’tspendsomuchtimeoncomputergames.你不能花這么多時間在網(wǎng)絡游戲上?？键c六：目的狀語從句目的狀語從句的引導詞有sothat，inorderthat等。如：Hestoodupsothat/inorderthathecouldseetheblackboardclearly.他站起來，以便能清楚地看到黑板。注意：目的狀語從句中一般都含有表示可能性的詞語，如coule,will,would,can等。定語從句在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，連接先行詞和定語從句的詞叫引導詞（也叫關系詞）。定語從句的構成：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句如：Iknowthegirlwhoissittingunderthetree.↓↓↓先行詞引導詞從句（定語從句）2.關系詞的選用：關系代詞指代在定從中所作成分例句which物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicwhichisgentle.露西喜歡柔和的音樂。that人、物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicthatisgentle.露西喜歡柔和的音樂。Thegirlthathaslonghairishissister.留長發(fā)的女孩子是他姐姐。who人主語賓語Thegirlwhohaslonghairishissister.留長發(fā)的女孩子是他姐姐。whom人賓語Heisthestudentthat/who/whomIlikebest.他是我最喜歡的學生whose人的，物的定語Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.我喜歡那些話題是歷史的書3、關系詞的省略：關系代詞that/who/which/whom在定從中作賓語時可省略，作主語時不能省略如：Thecartoons(that/which)Ilikehavelotsofjokes.我喜歡的卡通有很多笑話。Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisinteresting.我們昨天看的電影非常有趣。4.關系代詞只能用that的情況(1)當先行詞同時指人和物時，關系代詞只能用that如:Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheycouldn’tremember.(2)當先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞時，關系代詞只能用that.如:Sayallthatyouknow/IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?(3)當先行詞有theone,thevery,theonly,thesame等修飾詞時，關系代詞只能用that,不能用which(指人時可以用who).如：That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow./Thesearethevery(adj.恰好的)wordsthatheused.(4)當先行詞被序數(shù)詞、最高級等詞修飾時，關系代詞只能用that.如：ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveread.(5)當主句是who或which引導的特殊疑問句時，而中心詞指人或物時，關系代詞只能用that.如：WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?5.關系代詞只能用which的情況(1)先行詞有指示代詞（that/this/these/those）修飾如：Iamreadingthatbookwhichyoureadyesterday.我在看你昨天看的那本書(2)引導詞前有介詞如：Theschoolcampusinwhichwestudyeverydayisbeautiful.我們學習的校園很漂亮。6.定語從句中的主謂一致關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句中的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應該與先行詞保持一致。其中，“oneof+復數(shù)名詞”作先行詞時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如：Heisthemanwho/thatlivesnextdoor.他就是住在隔壁的那個男人HeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswhohavebeentoGermany.他是班上去過德國的學生之一重難通關練（2023中考真題建議用時：15分鐘）1．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真題）Wildanimalswillbeingreatdanger________weprotectthemtogether.A．if B．but C．unless2．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真題）YuGongMovesaMountainisthebeststory________Ihaveeverread.A．who B．where C．that3．（2023·遼寧鞍山·中考真題）—Iwonder________mynewclassmates.—Bycommunicatingwiththemmore.A．whatcanIlearnfrom B．whenIcanlearnfromC．wherecanItalkwith D．howIcangetonwith4．（2023·遼寧朝陽·中考真題）—Iwonder________.—Yes,ittastesreallygood.A．wholikeseatingzongziB．ifthiskindofzongziisdeliciousC．whereIcanbuythiskindofzongziD．howmuchweshouldpayforthiskindofzongzi5．（2023·遼寧朝陽·中考真題）Atruefriendisaperson________reachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.A．who B．whom C．which D．whose6．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）—Asateenager,doyouknow________whenyouareintrouble?—Yes.Icanaskmyparents,teachersoranyotheradultItrust.A．whoyoucanaskforhelp B．howcanyouaskforhelpC．whocanyouaskforhelp D．howyoucanaskforhelp7．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）Ourteacherasksustoreadnewspaperseveryday________wecanfindoutwhat’sgoingonaroundtheworld.A．sothat B．eventhough C．inorderto D．a(chǎn)ssoonas8．（2023·江蘇淮安·中考真題）—ChenDan,doyouknow________?—BusNo.3willtakeyouthere.A．whatisStarParklike B．whatStarParkislikeC．howcanIgettoStarPark D．howIcangettoStarPark9．（2023·甘肅甘南·中考真題）—IwonderifLiHua________tothehospitaltoreceivethevaccination（疫苗接種）.—Iamsurehewillifhe________time.A．goes;willhave B．willgo;has C．willgo;willhave10．（2023·西藏·中考真題）—Couldyoutellme________?—Sure.Iwillshowyouthesteps.A．howcanIpayonline B．whatcanIpayonlineC．howIcanpayonline D．whatIcanpayonline11．（2023·西藏·中考真題）SuBingtianisaplayer________runsfastestinChinaatpresent.A．which B．who C．what D．where12．（2023·湖北襄陽·中考真題）—Iwonder________.—Thereisanewparkinglotacrossthestreetfromhere.A．whereIcanparkmycar B．wherecanIparkmycarC．howlongIshouldparkmycar D．howlongshouldIparkmycar13．（2023·江蘇常州·中考真題）CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutQuQiubai?Ineedtoknowabout________.A．howmanybooksdidhepublish B．thathestudiedandworkedinRussiaC．whichpartofChangzhoudidhelivein D．whatforeignlanguageshecouldspeak14．（2023·江蘇常州·中考真題）Asweliveinarapidlydevelopingworld,wewillbeleftbehind________wekeeplearning.A．unless B．if C．a(chǎn)fter D．though15．（2023·遼寧大連·中考真題）Historyismyfavoritesubject________it’sveryinteresting.A．if B．though C．when D．because16．（2023·江蘇南通·中考真題）________youcan’tworkouttheproblem,perhapsyouneedtoaskyourclassmatesforhelp.A．Unless B．Though C．Since D．Whether17．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·中考真題）Foroursafety,wemustkeepawayfromthetallbuildings________thewindblowshard.A．if B．a(chǎn)lthough C．so18．（2023·湖南益陽·中考真題）—PleasegivetheChinesebooktoLinda.—OK.________Iseeher,Iwillgiveittoher.A．Assoonas B．Unless C．Before19．（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）Let’stakethesimplestepstoday________wewillsavetheworldforourgrandsonsandgranddaughterstomorrow.A．unless B．until C．sothat D．though20．（2023·遼寧丹東·中考真題）Benbelieveshe________acollegestudentin3years.A．becomes B．became C．willbecome D．hasbecome21．（2023·四川雅安·中考真題）—Lucy,theDragonBoatFestivaliscoming.Iwanttolearnhowtomakezongzi.—OK.Ifmygrandma________freetomorrow,shewillteachus.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．willbe22．（2023·北京·中考真題）—Lily,canyoutellme________duringtheDragonBoatFestivalthisyear?—Sure.Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.A．whatyouwilldo B．whatyoudidC．whatwillyoudo D．whatdidyoudo23．（2023·湖北恩施·中考真題）—MissWang,what’sthemostimportantthing________wegotravelling?—Youshouldmakeaplanfirst.A．while B．before C．a(chǎn)fter24．（2023·吉林長春·中考真題）Itisreallydangerous_______peopleruntheredtrafficlight.A．if B．unless C．though D．until25．（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou,________Idon’tknowwhattostartwithyet.A．whether B．since C．though D．until26．（2023·新疆·中考真題）LotsofChineseyoungpeople___________werebornafter1995usedoor-to-doorcookingtosavetime.A．that B．those C．which D．/27．（2023·新疆·中考真題）________thetimeskeepchanging,youngpeopleinChinahaveshownthesamepromise.A．But B．Unless C．Although D．Assoonas28．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）Ifwestudyhardwithbigdreams,thereisnothing________can’tbeachieved.A．who B．that C．whom29．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）—Alice,Iwonder________youwonthetug-of-war(拔河比賽)yesterday.—Yeah!Wepulledtogetherandmadeitintheend.A．what B．where C．whether30．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）ZhangGuimeioncesaid.“________I’malive,Iwilldonate(獻身)myselftoteaching.”A．Eventhough B．Assoonas C．Aslongas培優(yōu)爭分練（2024年最新模擬題建議用時：15分鐘）31．（2024·江蘇揚州·一模）—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________aboutthelocalhistoryandculture?—Ofcourse.Youcancheckitonthiscomputer.A．thatIgottheinformation B．whatinformationdidIgetC．howcanIgettheinformation D．whereIcangettheinformation32．（2024·江蘇揚州·一模）Manystudentsdidn’trealizetheimportanceofstudy________theyleftschool.A．until B．when C．a(chǎn)s D．a(chǎn)fter33．（2024·四川成都·一模）—Lucy,doyouhaveanyidea________themeaningofthiswordis?—Letmecheckthedictionary.A．that B．what C．which34．（2024·四川成都·一模）_____heisonlynineyearsold,Tonyisalreadyanexcellentbasketballplayer.A．Inorderthat B．Assoonas C．Eventhough35．（2024·上海黃浦·二模）Thefarmershadtoworkinthefield________theweatherwasextremelyhot.A．if B．until C．because D．a(chǎn)lthough36．（2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模）Theyear2024celebratestheYearoftheDragon.Itistheonlyone________isnotrealamongthe12animalsoftheChinesezodiac(生肖).A．that B．which C．who37．（2024·四川成都·二模）Youwillpassthemathtest________youworkharder.A．a(chǎn)slongas B．a(chǎn)sfaras C．a(chǎn)swellas38．（2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模）—Ireallydon’tknowhowtogetonwellwithotherpeople.—Themostimportantrule________youshouldfollowistocommunicate.A．who B．which C．that39．（2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模）—Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodcanharmyourbody,especially________you’reteenagers.—Yes.Junkfoodhasabadinfluenceonourabilitytothink,learnandremember.A．if B．unless C．a(chǎn)lthough40．（2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模）—Mom,whenshallwesetouttotheamusementpark?—Aslongasyourtask________.A．willfinish B．willbefinished C．isfinished41．（2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模）Scienceandtechnologyaredevelopingfast.Wearesupposedtohavealifelongstudyattitude________wewon’tbeout.A．inorderto B．inorderthat C．soasto42．（2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模）—NobodyknowsforsureifMr.Li________tothepartytomorrow.Ihaven’tseenhimforalongtime.—Ifhe________,Iwilltellyou.A．willcome;willcomeB．willcome;comesC．comes;comes43．（2024·黑龍江哈爾濱·一模）—Howtimeflies!Wewillleaveschoolandseparatefromeachother.—Iwillneverforgetthetime________wehavespenttogetherinmiddleschool.A．inwhich B．who C．that44．（2024·四川廣元·二模）—Iwanttoknow________.—TheweatherreportonTVsaysitwillbe.A．whenIcanwatchTV B．whowillreportitC．ifitwillbesunnytomorrow D．whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow45．（2024·湖南株洲·一模）Asamiddleschoolstudent,nomatter________yougo,youshouldpayattentiontoyourwordsandactions.A．that B．what C．when D．where46．（2024·四川廣元·二模）—Excuseme.Couldyoupleasetellme________?—OK.Walkalongthestreetandyouwillfinditonyourright.A．whyyougotothebookstore B．whoistheownerofthisbookstoreC．howcanIgettothebookstore D．wherethenearestbookstoreis47．（2024·黑龍江雙鴨山·一模）Ingeographyclass,theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearth________aroundthesun.A．goes B．went C．isgoing48．（2024·黑龍江雙鴨山·一模）—Thespeechisreallyexciting!—Soitis.Thisisthebestspeech________I’veeverheard.A．which B．that C．who49．（2024·黑龍江雙鴨山·一模）Atlastheworkedouttheproblem,________itwasalittlehard.A．but B．a(chǎn)nd C．though50．（2024·湖南永州·一模）—Iwonder________Michaelwillplaybasketballwithus.—Perhapsnot.Healwaysgoestothelibraryafterschool.A．when B．whether C．where D．why51．（2024·吉林長春·一模）Theteacheraskedthelittlegirl________.A．whereshewent B．wheredidshegoC．whereshewillgo D．howdidshego52．（2024·吉林長春·一模）________theboyisonlythree,hehasknownmanyEnglishwords.A．If B．Although C．When D．Because53．（2024·甘肅武威·一模）Ithasbeenabouttwomonths________shelastheardfromhermother.A．for B．since C．unless D．until54．（2024·湖南懷化·一模）Ingeographyclass,theteachertoldhisstudentsthattheearth________aroundthesun.A．goes B．went C．isgoing55．（2024·安徽蕪湖·一模）—Dennis,canyoutellme________makesyouabigfanofChineseculture.—ThosebeautifulpoemsbyLiBai.A．when B．why C．who D．what

重難點11主從復合句命題趨勢中考英語對主從復合句的考查集中在單項選擇題、完形填空、短文填空題?？疾橹攸c包括賓語從句、狀語從句和定語從句。本專題目的在于幫助學生梳理主從復合句的用法，以幫助同學們高效復習。重難詮釋賓語從句用法詳解：賓語從句是在主從復合句中作主句的賓語的句子。如Rosesaidshewouldvisitussometimenextweek.露絲說她下星期某時會來看我們?！骶鋸木?賓語從句)Couldyoutellmewhereheisfrom?你能告訴我他來自哪里嗎？↓↓主句從句(賓語從句)考點1：引導詞的選用(1).陳述句的引導詞用that，常可省略。IamgoingtomeetmynetfriendsinGuangzhou.Hesaid.→HesaidthathewasgoingtomeethisnetfriendsinGuangzhou.他說他將要在廣州見他的網(wǎng)友。(2).一般疑問句的引導詞用if/whether(是否)。（后有or、ornot時只用whether）Wouldyouliketoplaybasketballwithme?Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeif/whetherIlikedtoplaybasketballwithhim.他問我是否會和他去打籃球。Isitafasttrainoraslowlyone?Iwantedtoknow.→Iwantedtoknowwhetheritwasafasttrainoraslowlyone.我想知道這是快車還是慢車。(3).特殊疑問句的引導詞用特殊疑問詞。Howoldareyou?Theywanttoknow.→Theywanttoknowhowoldyouare.他們想知道你多大年紀了。Whatareyougoingtodothisafternoon?Heaskedme.→HeaskedmewhatIwasgoingtodothisafternoon.他問我今天下午要做什么?？键c2：語序(賓語從句中從句要用陳述句語序，即從句中的第1動詞在主語之后）HeaskedJane:“Whydon’tyoucome”?疑問語序(第1動詞don’t在主語you之前)HeaskedJanewhyshedidn’tcomelastnight.他問簡恩為什么昨晚她不來。陳述語序(第1動詞didn’t在主語you之后)LucywantedtoknowifIcouldmakeacakeforyou.露絲想知道我是否會為你做個蛋糕。特殊：①.What’swrongwith…在賓語從句中不變語序。如：Iwanttoknowwhat’swrongwithyou.我想知道你怎么啦。②.引導詞在從句中做主語時，語序不變。如：Jackaskedmewhowouldgiveusthelecturethisafternoon.杰克問我誰今天下午會給我們做報告。(who是引導詞，在賓語從句中作動詞wouldgive的主語，本身己是陳述語序，不需再變。)考點3：時態(tài)口訣：主現(xiàn)從實，主過從過，真理除外(1).主句是現(xiàn)在時(一般現(xiàn)在時，一般將來時，現(xiàn)在進行時，現(xiàn)在完成時)，從句該用什么時態(tài)就用什么時態(tài)。“Johnspeakshighlyofyou.”Tomtellsme.→TomtellsmethatJohnspeakshighlyofme.湯姆告訴我約翰高度評價我。(主句用tells,是一般現(xiàn)在時，從句原時態(tài)是speaks,在這里還是用speaks)(2).主句是過去時(一般過去時，過去進行時)，從句只用過去某種相應時態(tài)?！癢henshallwehavethemeeting?”Theboyasked.→Theboyaskedwhentheyshouldhavethemeeting.男孩問他們應該什么時候開會。(主句用asked，是一般過去時，從句用相應的某種過去時，這里shall→should)(3).從句表示客觀真理或事實時，主句即使用過去時，從句仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時?！癟heearthgoesaroundthesun.”Theteachertoldthestudents.→Theteachertoldthestudentsthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.老師告訴學生們地球繞著太陽走。(主句用told,為一般過去時，但從句中theearthgoesaroundthesun是客觀事實，所以時態(tài)還用一般現(xiàn)在時，不用變)Jimaskedmewhetherthelighttravelsfasterthanthesound.考點4.賓語從句的注意問題（1）賓語從句與簡單句的轉換：當賓語從句的主語與主句的主語相同時，從句可以簡化為“疑問詞+不定式”結構。如：Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.=Idon’tknowwhattodonext.我不知道接下來要做什么。（2）賓語從句的否定轉移：如果主句謂語動詞think，suppose，believe等后接賓語從句，且主句的主語是第一人稱，變否定句時應否定主句。如：Idon’tthinkyouareright.我認為你不對。狀語從句常見的狀語從句可分為：時間、條件、地點、原因、方式、讓步、比較、結果、目的等從句，由不同的引導詞引導?？键c一：時間狀語從句引導詞用法例句whenwhen引導的時間狀語從句中既可接延續(xù)性動詞，也可接非延續(xù)性動詞，多用一般過去時TheyweretalkinghappilywhenIwalkedpastthedoor.當我從門前走過，他們正在開心地聊天。whilewhile強調(diào)主句和從句動作同時發(fā)生，所引導的時間狀語從句只能用延續(xù)性動詞，多用進行時態(tài)。MymotherwascookingwhileIwasdoingmyhomework.當媽媽在做飯的時候，我在做作業(yè)。not…until主句的謂語動詞為非延續(xù)性動詞，主句要用否定式，從句用肯定式。Thebuswon’tstartuntileverybodygetson.公共汽車直到每個人都上車才會發(fā)動。since主句謂語動詞一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，從句謂語動詞一般用一般過去時。Fiveyeashaspassedsincewesaweachotherlasttime.距離我們上次見面已經(jīng)五年過去了。beforebefore引導的從句表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之前。Weturnedoffthelightbeforeweleft.我們在離開前關了燈。afterafter引導的從句表示主句的動作發(fā)生在從句動作之后。Hewenttobedafterhefinishedhiswork.他做完工作后就去睡覺了。assoonas若主句為一般將來時，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來。IwilltellhimthenewsassoonasIseehim.我一看見他，就會告訴他這個消息?？键c二：條件狀語從句條件狀語從句的引導詞主要有if和unless，兩者可轉換。在條件狀語從句中，從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，即主將從現(xiàn)。如：Youwillfailtheexamifyoudon’tworkhard.=Youwillfailtheexamunlessyouworkhard.如果不努力學習，你考試會不及格的?？键c三：原因狀語從句原因狀語從句的引導詞有because，since，as等。注意：1.because和so不能同時使用。如：Hedidn’tcometoschoolyesterdaybecausehewasill.他昨天沒來上學，因為他生病了。2.since引導原因狀語從句表示顯然的或已為人知的理由，表示“因為，既然”如：sinceeveryoneishere,let’sstart.既然大家都到期了，我們就開始吧。考點四：讓步狀語從句讓步狀語從句的引導詞有though/although，eventhough/if等。注意：though/although與but不能同時出現(xiàn)在一個句子里。如：Thoughheisinpoorhealth,heworkshard.雖然他身體不好，但是他工作很努力?？键c五：結果狀語從句結果狀語從句的引導詞有so/such…that…等。（1）區(qū)分兩種句式：①so+adj./adv.+that…②such+(a/an)+adj.+n.+that…如：TomissocleverthathelearnsChinesewell.=TomissuchacleverboythathelearnsChinesewell.湯姆如此聰明，語文學得很好。（2）注意：當名詞前有much，many，little，few等詞修飾時，只能用so。如：Youcan’tspendsomuchtimeoncomputergames.你不能花這么多時間在網(wǎng)絡游戲上。考點六：目的狀語從句目的狀語從句的引導詞有sothat，inorderthat等。如：Hestoodupsothat/inorderthathecouldseetheblackboardclearly.他站起來，以便能清楚地看到黑板。注意：目的狀語從句中一般都含有表示可能性的詞語，如coule,will,would,can等。定語從句在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫作定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，連接先行詞和定語從句的詞叫引導詞（也叫關系詞）。定語從句的構成：先行詞+關系詞+定語從句如：Iknowthegirlwhoissittingunderthetree.↓↓↓先行詞引導詞從句（定語從句）2.關系詞的選用：關系代詞指代在定從中所作成分例句which物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicwhichisgentle.露西喜歡柔和的音樂。that人、物主語賓語Lucylikesmusicthatisgentle.露西喜歡柔和的音樂。Thegirlthathaslonghairishissister.留長發(fā)的女孩子是他姐姐。who人主語賓語Thegirlwhohaslonghairishissister.留長發(fā)的女孩子是他姐姐。whom人賓語Heisthestudentthat/who/whomIlikebest.他是我最喜歡的學生whose人的，物的定語Ilikethosebookswhosetopicsareabouthistory.我喜歡那些話題是歷史的書3、關系詞的省略：關系代詞that/who/which/whom在定從中作賓語時可省略，作主語時不能省略如：Thecartoons(that/which)Ilikehavelotsofjokes.我喜歡的卡通有很多笑話。Thefilm(that/which)wesawlastnightisinteresting.我們昨天看的電影非常有趣。4.關系代詞只能用that的情況(1)當先行詞同時指人和物時，關系代詞只能用that如:Myfatherandhisteachertalkedalotaboutthepersonsandthingsthattheycouldn’tremember.(2)當先行詞是all,much,anything,something,nothing,everything,little,none等不定代詞時，關系代詞只能用that.如:Sayallthatyouknow/IsthereanythingthatIcandoforyou?(3)當先行詞有theone,thevery,theonly,thesame等修飾詞時，關系代詞只能用that,不能用which(指人時可以用who).如：That’stheonlythingthatIcandonow./Thesearethevery(adj.恰好的)wordsthatheused.(4)當先行詞被序數(shù)詞、最高級等詞修飾時，關系代詞只能用that.如：ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.ThisisthebestnovelthatIhaveread.(5)當主句是who或which引導的特殊疑問句時，而中心詞指人或物時，關系代詞只能用that.如：WhichisthemachinethatweusedlastSunday?5.關系代詞只能用which的情況(1)先行詞有指示代詞（that/this/these/those）修飾如：Iamreadingthatbookwhichyoureadyesterday.我在看你昨天看的那本書(2)引導詞前有介詞如：Theschoolcampusinwhichwestudyeverydayisbeautiful.我們學習的校園很漂亮。6.定語從句中的主謂一致關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，定語從句中的謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應該與先行詞保持一致。其中，“oneof+復數(shù)名詞”作先行詞時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。如：Heisthemanwho/thatlivesnextdoor.他就是住在隔壁的那個男人HeisoneofthestudentsinhisclasswhohavebeentoGermany.他是班上去過德國的學生之一重難通關練（2023中考真題建議用時：15分鐘）1．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真題）Wildanimalswillbeingreatdanger________weprotectthemtogether.A．if B．but C．unless2．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真題）YuGongMovesaMountainisthebeststory________Ihaveeverread.A．who B．where C．that3．（2023·遼寧鞍山·中考真題）—Iwonder________mynewclassmates.—Bycommunicatingwiththemmore.A．whatcanIlearnfrom B．whenIcanlearnfromC．wherecanItalkwith D．howIcangetonwith4．（2023·遼寧朝陽·中考真題）—Iwonder________.—Yes,ittastesreallygood.A．wholikeseatingzongziB．ifthiskindofzongziisdeliciousC．whereIcanbuythiskindofzongziD．howmuchweshouldpayforthiskindofzongzi5．（2023·遼寧朝陽·中考真題）Atruefriendisaperson________reachesforyourhandandtouchesyourheart.A．who B．whom C．which D．whose6．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）—Asateenager,doyouknow________whenyouareintrouble?—Yes.Icanaskmyparents,teachersoranyotheradultItrust.A．whoyoucanaskforhelp B．howcanyouaskforhelpC．whocanyouaskforhelp D．howyoucanaskforhelp7．（2023·內(nèi)蒙古·中考真題）Ourteacherasksustoreadnewspaperseveryday________wecanfindoutwhat’sgoingonaroundtheworld.A．sothat B．eventhough C．inorderto D．a(chǎn)ssoonas8．（2023·江蘇淮安·中考真題）—ChenDan,doyouknow________?—BusNo.3willtakeyouthere.A．whatisStarParklike B．whatStarParkislikeC．howcanIgettoStarPark D．howIcangettoStarPark9．（2023·甘肅甘南·中考真題）—IwonderifLiHua________tothehospitaltoreceivethevaccination（疫苗接種）.—Iamsurehewillifhe________time.A．goes;willhave B．willgo;has C．willgo;willhave10．（2023·西藏·中考真題）—Couldyoutellme________?—Sure.Iwillshowyouthesteps.A．howcanIpayonline B．whatcanIpayonlineC．howIcanpayonline D．whatIcanpayonline11．（2023·西藏·中考真題）SuBingtianisaplayer________runsfastestinChinaatpresent.A．which B．who C．what D．where12．（2023·湖北襄陽·中考真題）—Iwonder________.—Thereisanewparkinglotacrossthestreetfromhere.A．whereIcanparkmycar B．wherecanIparkmycarC．howlongIshouldparkmycar D．howlongshouldIparkmycar13．（2023·江蘇常州·中考真題）CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutQuQiubai?Ineedtoknowabout________.A．howmanybooksdidhepublish B．thathestudiedandworkedinRussiaC．whichpartofChangzhoudidhelivein D．whatforeignlanguageshecouldspeak14．（2023·江蘇常州·中考真題）Asweliveinarapidlydevelopingworld,wewillbeleftbehind________wekeeplearning.A．unless B．if C．a(chǎn)fter D．though15．（2023·遼寧大連·中考真題）Historyismyfavoritesubject________it’sveryinteresting.A．if B．though C．when D．because16．（2023·江蘇南通·中考真題）________youcan’tworkouttheproblem,perhapsyouneedtoaskyourclassmatesforhelp.A．Unless B．Though C．Since D．Whether17．（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·中考真題）Foroursafety,wemustkeepawayfromthetallbuildings________thewindblowshard.A．if B．a(chǎn)lthough C．so18．（2023·湖南益陽·中考真題）—PleasegivetheChinesebooktoLinda.—OK.________Iseeher,Iwillgiveittoher.A．Assoonas B．Unless C．Before19．（2023·江蘇徐州·中考真題）Let’stakethesimplestepstoday________wewillsavetheworldforourgrandsonsandgranddaughterstomorrow.A．unless B．until C．sothat D．though20．（2023·遼寧丹東·中考真題）Benbelieveshe________acollegestudentin3years.A．becomes B．became C．willbecome D．hasbecome21．（2023·四川雅安·中考真題）—Lucy,theDragonBoatFestivaliscoming.Iwanttolearnhowtomakezongzi.—OK.Ifmygrandma________freetomorrow,shewillteachus.A．is B．a(chǎn)re C．a(chǎn)m D．willbe22．（2023·北京·中考真題）—Lily,canyoutellme________duringtheDragonBoatFestivalthisyear?—Sure.Weatezongziandwatchedadragonboatrace.A．whatyouwilldo B．whatyoudidC．whatwillyoudo D．whatdidyoudo23．（2023·湖北恩施·中考真題）—MissWang,what’sthemostimportantthing________wegotravelling?—Youshouldmakeaplanfirst.A．while B．before C．a(chǎn)fter24．（2023·吉林長春·中考真題）Itisreallydangerous_______peopleruntheredtrafficlight.A．if B．unless C．though D．until25．（2023·江蘇無錫·中考真題）Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou,________Idon’tknowwhattostartwithyet.A．whether B．since C．though D．until26．（2023·新疆·中考真題）LotsofChineseyoungpeople___________werebornafter1995usedoor-to-doorcookingtosavetime.A．that B．those C．which D．/27．（2023·新疆·中考真題）________thetimeskeepchanging,youngpeopleinChinahaveshownthesamepromise.A．But B．Unless C．Although D．Assoonas28．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）Ifwestudyhardwithbigdreams,thereisnothing________can’tbeachieved.A．who B．that C．whom29．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）—Alice,Iwonder________youwonthetug-of-war(拔河比賽)yesterday.—Yeah!Wepulledtogetherandmadeitintheend.A．what B．where C．whether30．（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·中考真題）ZhangGuimeioncesaid.“________I’malive,Iwilldonate(獻身)myselftoteaching.”A．Eventhough B．Assoonas C．Aslongas1．C【詳解】句意：除非我們一起保護野生動物，否則它們將處于極大的危險之中。考查連詞辨析。if如果；but但是；unless除非?！皐eprotectthemtogether”是“Wildanimalswillbeingreatdanger”的否定條件，用unless引導條件狀語從句。故選C。2．C【詳解】句意：《愚公移山》是我讀過的最好的故事?？疾槎ㄕZ從句。句子是定語從句，先行詞是story，關系詞在從句中作賓語，用that引導定語從句。故選C。3．D【詳解】句意：——我想知道我怎樣才能和我的新同學相處得好?！ㄟ^與他們進行更多的溝通?？疾橘e語從句。句子是賓語從句，用陳述語序，排除AC；根據(jù)“By...”可知此處詢問方式，用how引導賓語從句。故選D。4．B【詳解】句意：——我想知道這種粽子好吃嗎?！贸裕兜篮芎??？疾橘e語從句。wholikeseatingzongzi誰喜歡吃粽子；ifthiskindofzongziisdelicious這種粽子是否好吃；whereIcanbuythiskindofzongzi我在哪里可以買到這種粽子；howmuchweshouldpayforthiskindofzongzi這種粽子我們該付多少錢。根據(jù)答語“Yes,ittastesreallygood.”可知，想知道這種粽子是否好吃，故選B。5．A【詳解】句意：一個真正的朋友是一個可以援手幫助并感動你心扉的人。考查定語從句。此處是定語從句，先行詞是人，引導詞在從句中作主語，故選A。6．A【詳解】句意：——作為一個青少年，當你遇到麻煩時，你知道你可以向誰求助嗎？——知道。我可以向我的父母、老師或任何我信任的成年人求助?？疾橘e語從句。賓語從句的語序應用陳述語序，排除BC；根據(jù)“Icanaskmyparents,teachersoranyotheradultItrust.”可知，父母、老師和信任的成年人都是人，應用who引導賓語從句，故選A。7．A【詳解】句意：我們的老師讓我們每天讀報，這樣我們就可以了解世界各地發(fā)生了什么。考查連詞辨析。sothat以便于；eventhough即使；inorderto為了；assoonas一……就?！癘urteacherasksustoreadnewsp