2024屆北京市延慶區(qū)高三一模英語試題

延慶區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期統(tǒng)測試卷

高三英語

2024.03

本試卷共11頁，100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無

效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

筆試(共三部分10()分)

第一部分知識運用(共兩節(jié)，30分)

第一節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分)

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該

項涂黑，

Weliveinatown,abouthalfamilefromthebanksoftheAhrRiver.Ithadbeenrainingbucketsthatweekand

therewere]warningsforsomeofthenearbyareas,butnotwhereIwas.

Asaprecaution,Td2sandbagsoutsidemygardendoorandpiledelectronicsandclothingontablesand

thecouchjustincasewatermanagedtoseepthrough.

AsIfellasleep,Iwas3hythesoundofrushingwater.WhenIswungmylegsoffthebed,Twas4

tofeelcoldwateralreadyuptomykneesandrisingfast.Shiveringandindarkness,Igrabbedmyphoneand5

itsflashlight.Waterwascomingfromthegardendoor,andchairs,bookshelvesandpiecesofmydrumsetwere

floatingallovermylivingroom.TheAhrmusthave6burstitsbanksandbreachedthesandbags.Andnow

Ihadtogetout—fast!

Withthewaternowuptomywaist,inbarefeetIstartedtopaddletomyonly7:thedoorleadingto

upstairs.FinallyImadeittothatdoorandtriedtopullitopen,butthewater,spressurewashigh.Imanagedto

makea8ofabout30centimeterswithallmystrengthandeffort,enoughformetosqueeze

through.Rushingdownoutside,I9thatifIhadwokenupjustafewminuteslater,Iwouldhavedrowned.

Theexperiencemademegratefulanddeterminedtoliveeachdaytoitsfullest.Iwillrememberwhatmy

mothertoldme:"Don'trememberthedaywhenyou10everything.Remenberthedayyousurvived?'

1.A.floodB.earthquakeC.droughtD.sandstorm

2.A.cleanedB.liftedC.recoveredD.placed

3.A.threatenedB.awakenedC.weakenedD.tightened

4.A.excitedB.shockedC.depressedD.exhausted

5.A.showedupB.lookedupC.turnedonD.wenton

6.A.carefullyB.graduallyC.violentlyD.constantly

7.A.escapeB.mindC.problemD.stage

8.A.gapB.depthC.heightD.cut

9.A.pretendedB.promisedC.imaginedD.realised

10..A.lackedB.foundC.lostD.gained

第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處

用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。

A

ShenzhouXVIIcrewmemberscompletedtheirfirstspacewalkon22ndDecember,2023,completingahostof

tasksoutsidetheTiangongspacestation.It^asthe14thspacewalk11(conduct)byChinese

astronauts.Therearealotofscienceandtechnologyassignmentsforthem12(perform)duringthe

remainingdaysoftheirstayinorbit.Sincetheirarrival,theastronauts13(examine)andmaintained

equipmentandmadepreparationsfortheirspacewalk.

B

Asamothertothreeboys,Fmusedtoreceivingmyfavoritesoapasagiftforeveryoccasion.Itdoesn'trequire

mucheffort,andmysonsknowthatIloveit.OnedaymysonsawamagazineonmydeskwithJaneGoodall14

thecover.Isaid,"She'smyfavoriteperson/ThenextChristmas,Iwasexpectingmysoap15mysons

handedmeanenvelope.Insidewas/acopyofNationalGeographicsignedbyJaneGoodall.I16(move)

totears.Iwillalwayscherishthemagazineandthoughtfulnessofmyboysfindingmetheperfectgift.

C

Whenthe48-year-oldUzbekgymnast,OksanaChusovitina,17(participate)intheAsiadwomen's

gymnasticsqualificationonMonday,thousandsofspectatorschantedforuQiuMa,"18translatesto“Mother

Chusovitina^^.Whenhersonwasdiagnosedwithleukemiain2002,sheadoptedGermancitizenshiptocompeteat

globaleventsforahigherincomeand19(good)medicaltreatment.Aftenherson's20(recover),

Chusovitinacontinuedhergymnasticsjourneyoutofsheerlovefbrthesport.

第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，38分)

第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡_L將該項涂黑。

A

Livingbeyondlimits

GrowingupinthehotLasVegasdesert,allIwantedwastobefree.Iwoulddaydreamabouttravelingthe

world,livinginaplacewhereitsnowed.

Attheageof19,thedayafterIgraduatedfromhighschool,ImovedtoaplacewhereitsnowedandIfoundmy

dreamjob.Forthefirsttimeinmylife,Ifeltfree,independentandcompletelyincontrolofmylife.Thalis,until

mylifetookadetour(轉(zhuǎn)折點).IwenthomefromworkearlyonedaywithwhatIthoughtwastheflu,andless

than24hourslaterIwasinthehospitalonlifesupportwithlessthana2%chanceofliving.

OverthecourseoftwoandahalfmonthsIlostthehearinginmyleftearandbothofmylegsbelowtheknee.I

thoughttheworstwasoveruntilweekslaterwhenIsawmynewartificialleasforthefirsttime.Theywereso

painfulthatallIcouldthinkwas,howamIevergoingtotraveltheworldinthesethings?AndhowwasIgoingto

snowboardagain?

ButIknewthatinordertomoveforward,IhadtoletgooftheoldSelfandlearntoembracethenewSelf.And

thatiswhenitdawnedonmethatifIsnowboardedagain,myfeetaren'tgoingtogetcold.

FourmonthslaterIwasbackuponasnowboard,althoughthingsdidn'tgoquiteasexpected:Mykneesandmy

ankleswouldn,tbend.ButIknewthatIwouldbeabletodothisagainifIcouldfindtherightpairoffeet.

Ididayearofresearch,stillcouldn'tfigureoutwhatkindoflegstouse.SoIdecidedtomakeapair

myself.MylegmakerandIputrandompartstogetherandwemadeapairoffeetthatIcouldsnowboardin.Then

in2005Icofbundedanonprofitorganizationforyouthwithphysicaldisabilitiessotheycouldgetinvolvedwith

actionsports.

Elevenyearsago,whenIlostmylegs,Ihadnoideawhattoexpect.Butifyouaskmetoday,ifIwouldever

wanttochangemysituation,Iwouldhavetosayno.Becausemylegshaven'tdisabledme.They'veforcedmeto

relyonmyimaginationandtobelieveinthepossibilities.

21.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenshesawhernewlegsforthefirsttime?

A.Astonished.B.Hopeful.C.Desperate.D.Delighted.

22.Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangeherthoughttowardhersituation?

A.Herpositiveattitude.B.Inspirationfromresearch.

C.Herlovefbrsnowboard.D.Helpfromanonprofitorganization.

23.Theauthot'sattemptcooldhelpherandotheryouthswithphysicaldisabilitiesto.

A.travelaroundtheworldB.takepartinactionsports

C.bendtheirkneesandanklesD.recoverfromtheirdisabilities

24.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Practicemakesperfect.B.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

C.Youcan*1judgeabookbyitscover.D.Nothingisimpossibletoawillingheart

B

Intern(實習(xí)生)：UnitedNationsEducational,Scientific,andCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)

JobTitle:DigitalBusinessSolutionsIntern

Worklocation:Remote/Beijing

Duration:Sixmonths

TheDigitalBureauSolutionisresponsiblefbrICToperationswithinUNESCO,andreportstotheAssistant

DirectorGeneraltoAdministration(ADG/ADM).TheteamoverseestheimplementationofUNESO'sdigital

strategy,withthedeliveryofmoreintegratedandproperlydesignedprojectandknowledgemanagementinsupport

ofprogrammedelivery;thesupplyofaflexibleITinfrostructure(基礎(chǔ)建設(shè))，andbest-in-classservicemanagement

toenableeffectiveprogrammedelivery;andthesupplyofstrengthenedcybersecurityanddigitalriskmanagement.

Jobresponsibilities

NetworkMonitoringandArrangement:Assistinmonitoringnetworkperformanceanddiagnosingconnectivity

issuesusingnetworkmonitoringtools;whilegaininghands-onexperiencewithnetworkdevicearrangement,

includingrouters,switches,andfirewalls;

,CloudPlatformFamiliarity:Gainexperiencewithcloudplatformsbysettingupandarrangingcloudresources;

assistinplanningthemigrationofpre-storedapplicationsandworkloadstothecloud:

?ServerandNetworkTroubleshooting:Learntotroubleshootnetworkproblems,suchasslowconnectionsor

connectionlost;

?Documentation:Helpupdateandmaintainnetworkdocumentation,includingnetworkdiagramsanddevice

inventories;,UserSupportandTroubleshooting:Providebasicusersupport,includingpasswordresetsandaccount

creation,andlearnabouthelpdeskticketingsystems;

Requirements

,Youmustbeatleast20yearsoldtoapply.

YouhaverecentlygraduatedwithaMaster'sdegreeorPhD,12monthspriortothestartoftheinternship;You

shouldhaveanexcellentcommand,bothwrittenandspoken,ofEnglishorFrench.Aworkingknowledgeofthe

otherlanguage(EnglishorFrench)isanadvantage;

,Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofcomputersystemsandoffice-relatedsoftware.

ApplicantsneedtoregisteranaccountforUNESCDandentertheapplicationprocessaftercompletingtheir

personalinformationresume.IntheApplicationinformation,ifyouwanttodothisjoboffline,selectdutystation:

China,Beijing.

25.TheDigitalBureauSolutionisto.

A.controltheAssistantDirectorGeneraltoAdministration

B.improvemoreintegratedprojectandknowledgemanagement

C.createaflexibleITinfrastructure,andgoodservicemanagement

D.offerstrengthenedcybersecurityanddigitalriskmanagement.

26.BeinganinterninUNESCO,onewillhelpto.

A.monitornetworkperformanceanddiagnoseconnectivityissues

R.gainexperiencewithcloudplatformsbyplanningtheapplications

C.updateandmaintainnetworkdocumentationfornetworkdiagrams

D.providebasicusersupportbylearningabouthelpdeskticketingsystems

27.Whichisarequirementfortheapplicants?

A.Beingyoungerthan20yearsoldwhenapplying.

B.HavingaMaster'sdegreeorPhDwhileapplying.

C.CommandingEnglishandFrenchexcellently,bothwrittenandspoken.

D.Havingarichknowledgeofcomputersystemsandoffice-relatedsoftware.

C

EVsareinthemiddleofanobesityepidemic

Fisker,anelectricvehicle,unveiledthefutureline-uponAugust3rd.Itincluded:asouped-up,off-roadversion

oftheOcean.ThoughFiskersayssustainabilityisoneofitsfoundingprinciples,itisindulginginatraitalmost

universalamongcarfirms:buildingbigger,strongercars,evenwhentheyareelectric.

Therearetworeasonsforthis.Thefirstisprofit.Aswithconventionalcars,biggerEVsgeneratehigher

margins.Thesecondisconsumerpreference.Fordecades,drivershavebeenoptingforSUVsandpickuptrucks

ratherchansmallercars,andthisnowappliestobattery-chargedones.EVdrivers,whoworryabouttheavailability

ofcharginginfrastructure,wantmorerange,hencebiggerbatteries.Thatmayhelpmakeforamorereassuring

ride.Buieventually(hebupcibizinglicndwillpiovc(ubeuiisublainablcandunsafe.

Fornow,carmakerscanarguethathoweverbigtheelectricrigs,theyhaveapositiveimpactontheplanet.

ThoughmanufacturingEVs—includingsourcingthemetalsandmineralsthatgointothem—generatesmore

greenhousegasesthanaconventionalcar,theyquicklycompensatefbrthatthroughtheabsenceoftailpipeemissions.

Butinthelongrunthetrendfbrbiggerbutteriesmaybackfire,foreconomicandenvironmentalreasons.First,

thebiggerthebattery,themorepressuretherewillbeonthesupplychain.Ifbatterysizesincreasetherearelikelyto

beloomingseareitlesoflithiumandnickel.Thatwillpushupthecostoflithium-ionbatteries,undermining

carmakers'profitability.Second,tochargebiggerbatteriesinacarbon-neutralwayrequiresmorelow-carbon

electricity.Thatmaycreatebottlenecksonthegrid.Third,themorepressureonscarceresourcesvitalforEV

production,theharderitwillbetomakeaffordableelectriccarscriticalforelectrifyingthemassmarket.Thalwill

slowtheoveralldecarbonisationoftransport.Finally,thereissafety.Notonlyisabattletankthatdoeszeroto100

kilometresperhourintheblinkofaneyealiabilityforanyonethathappenstobeinitsway.

GovernmentshavewaystoencourageEVstoshrink.Themostimportantistosupporttheexpansionof

charginginfrastructure,whichwouldreducerangeanxietyandpromotesmallercars.Taxescouldpunishheavier

vehiclesandsubsidiescouldpromotelighterones.

Ultimately,theindustryisalmostsuretorealisethefollyofpursuingsizeforitsownsake.Thepennyisstarting

todrop.Ford'sCEO,JimFarley,recentlysaidcarmakerscouldnotmakemoneywiththelongest-range

batteries.HisoppositenumberatGeneralMotors,MaryBarra,hastakentheunexpectedstepofreversingaplanto

retiretheaffordableChevyBoltEV.InEurope,carmakerslikeVolkswagenarebuildingsmaller,cheaper

EVs.TeslaissaidtobeplanningacompactmodelmadeinMexico.

28.ConsumerswantEVswithmorerangeandbiggerbatteriesbecause.

A.theycanbringmoreprofits

B.theycanreducetailpipeemissions

C.theyaremoresecure

D.thereareinsufficientchargingfacilitiesforthem

29.Fromthepassage,weknowthat.

A.Risingcostofbatterieswillincreaseprofitability

B.ConventionalcarsproducemoregreenhousegasesthanEVsinproduction

C.Biggerbatteriesmaycreatemorepressureon（hesupplychain

D.ThedemandonscarceresourcesinEVsmakeselectriccarsmoreaffordable

30.Whatisthepassagetryingtotellus?

A.Lighterelectricvehiclesshouldbeencouraged.

B.Bigger,strongercarsaresaferandmoresustainable.

C.Supersizingelectricvehicleshaveapositiveimpactontheplanet.

D.EVswithbiggerbatteriesmayhelpmakeforamorecomfortableride.

D

Itisrapidlyemergingasoneofthemostimportanttechnological,andincreasinglyideological,dividesofour

times:shouldpowerfulgenerativeartificialintelligencesystemsbeopenorclosed?

Supporterssaytheybroadenaccesstothetechnology,stimulateinnovationandimprovereliabilityby

encouragingoutsidescrutiny.Farcheapertodevelopanddeploy,smalleropenmodelsalsoinjectcompetitionintoa

fielddominatedbybigUScompaniessuchasGoogle.MicrosoftandOpenAIthathaveinvestedbillionsdeveloping

massive,closedandcloselycontrolledgenerativeAlsystems.

ButdetractorsargueopenmodelsriskliftingthelidonaPandora'sboxoftroubles.Badactorscanexploitthem

tospreadpersonaliseddisinformation,whileterroristsmightusethemtomanufacturecyberorbioweapons."The

dangerofopensourceisthatitenablesmorecraziestodocrazythings,“GeoffreyHinton,oneofthepioneersof

modernAI,haswarned.

ThehistoryofOpenAI,whichdevelopedthepopularChatGPTchatbot,isitselfinstructive.Asitsname

suggests,theresearchcompanywasfoundedin2015withacommitmenttodevelop（hetechnologyasopenlyas

possible.Butitlaterabandonedthatapproachforbothcompetitiveandsafetyreasons.OnceOpenAIrealisedthat

itsgenerativeAImodelsweregoingtobe''unbelievablypotenf\itmadelittlesensetoopensourcethem,Ilya

Sutskever,OpenAFschiefscientistsaid.

Supportersofopenmodelshitback,ridiculingtheideathatopengenerativeAImodelsenablepeopletoaccess

informationtheycouldnototherwisefindfromtheinternetoraroguescientist.Theyalsohighlightthecompetitive

self-interestofthebigtechcompaniesinshoutingaboutthedangersofopenmodels,whoseintentionistoestablish

theirownmarketdominancestrongly.

Butthereisanideologicaldimensiontothisdebate,too.YannLeCun,chiefscientistofMeta,haslikenedthe

argumentsforcontrollingthetechnologytomedievalobscurantism（蒙昧主義）:thebeliefthatonlyaself^selecting

priesthoodofexpertsiswiseenoughtohandleknowledge.

Inthefuture,allourinteractionswiththevastdigitalrepositoryofhumanknowledgewillbemediatedthrough

Alsystems.WeshouldnotwantahandfulofSiliconValleycompaniestocontrolthataccess.Justastheinternet

flourishedbyresistingattemptstoencloseit,soAIwillthrivebyremainingopen,LeCunargues.

WendyHall,royalprofessorofcomputerscienceatSouthamptonuniversity,sayswedonotwanttoliveina

worldwhereonlythebigcompaniesrungenerativeAl.Nordowewanttoallowuserstodoanythingtheylikewith

openmodels."Wehavetofindsomecompromise,Mshesuggests.

Weshouldcertainlyresistthetyranny（暴政）ofthebinary（二進制）whenitcomestothinkingaboutAI

models.Bothopenandclosedmodelshavetheirbenefitsandflaws.Asthecapabilitiesofthesemodelsevolve,we

willconstantlyhavetotweaktheweightingsbetweencompetitionandcontrol.

31.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“potent”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?

A.Accessible.B.Powerful.C.Significant.D.Unnoticeable.

32.Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?

A.Itneedsbillionsofdollarstodevelopanddeployopen-sourcemodels.

B.ThefieldofgenerativeAIsystemsisdominatedbybigcompanies..

C.Onlyself-selectingexpertscanhandleopenmodelswisely.

D.Userscandoanythingtheylikewithopenmodelsatthismoment.

33.RegardingWendyHalEssuggestions,theauthoris.

A.sympatheticB.puzzledC.unconcernedD.opposed

34.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowtoKeeptheLidonthePandora'sBoxofOpenAI

B.DividesonOpenAI:technologyandideology

C.WheredoestheDebateonOpenAIEnd

D.ProsandConsofOpenAI

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項中選能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Doyouwanttobeacognitivesupcragcrwhenyouarcold?Justasyoutakestepstowardsafuture-proofingbody,

youcanenhanceyourbrain'sresiliencetoage-relateddiseasebyboostingcognitivereserve.

AndrewSommerlad,anassociateprofessorofpsychiatry,discoversthepowerofcognitivereserveinstudiesof

olderpeoplewhoshowsignsofAlzheimer's（阿爾茲海默癥）intheirbrains.35Actually,threeyearsago,

colleaguesofSommcrladhadalsopublishedfindingsfromStudyofAgeing.Theyshowedthathigherlevelsof

cugnilivcicscivcaicassuciulcdwithluwcilevelsufdcinciilia.

36Thestrongcognitivereserveishelpfultostaveoffsymptomsofbrainchangesassociatednotjustwith

dementiabutwithotherbraindiseases.Italsohelpsyoutofunctionbetterforlongerwhenfacingunexpectedlife

eventsasyougetolder.

Howdoyouimproveit?Theyoungeryouimplementthingsthatwillbolsterit,ihebetter.Forexample,youcan

dotasksthatchallengesyourbrainability,likecrosswords,reading,givingimpromptuspeechandcritical

thinking.37So,domind-bodypracticeslikeyoga,TaiChiormeditationtoreducestressisalsoimportant.

Thiscanhelpyoubalancetheperiodsofmentaldemandandrelaxation.

38ideally,seventoninehoursisoptimalforenhancingcognitivereserve.Startbyimprovingyour

sleephygienewithstepssuchasavoidingelectronicscreens.

Cognitivereserveisdevelopedthroughalifetimeofeducation,curiosityandpersistence.39

A.Itseffectsarewidereaching.

B.Additionally,maintainregularsleeppatterns.

C.Soplanaheadtomakesureyoukeepcognitivelybusyandengaged!

D.Therearewaysyoucanimprovesleep,forbothyoungandoldpeople.

E.Itsuggeststhatdevelopingagoodcognitivereservecanbepowerfullyprotective.

F.However,thinkingtoohardfortoolongmaywearyouout,hurtingcognitivereserve.

G.Theycopebetterwithpathological（病理上的）changes,thehighertheirpowersofcognitivereserve.

第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）

第一節(jié)閱讀表達（共4小題：第1、2題各2分，第3題3分，第4題5分，共12分）

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)題目要求回答問題。

Anxietyisnotdeadly,beca