2023暑假作業(yè) 第12練 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)（原卷版）

第12練現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)用來(lái)表示之前已發(fā)生或完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，但它的_______現(xiàn)在還存在；也可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)；還可以表示某人做某事的次數(shù)。規(guī)則變化的過(guò)去分詞與過(guò)去式的變化一樣，在動(dòng)詞詞尾加ed；不規(guī)則變化的過(guò)去分詞見(jiàn)不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞表。一、基本構(gòu)成肯定句

主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞+其它

I_______themissingpenintheschoolbag.否定句

主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+過(guò)去分詞+其它

Manhaven'tdiscoveredanylifeinspaceyet.人來(lái)還沒(méi)有在太空中發(fā)現(xiàn)任何生命疑問(wèn)句

Have/Has+主語(yǔ)+過(guò)去分詞+其它?

Yes,主語(yǔ)+have/has.No,主語(yǔ)+have/hasnot.

Haveyoueverdreamedoftravellingtospace？你曾經(jīng)夢(mèng)想過(guò)去太空旅行嗎？二、基本用法1.表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的某一動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的_______或結(jié)果。常見(jiàn)標(biāo)志：just（剛剛），_______（已經(jīng)），yet（尚未），never（從來(lái)沒(méi)有），ever（曾經(jīng)），before（以前），recently（最近），sofar/uptonow/tillnow（迄今為止），overtheyears（近幾年來(lái)），in/during/overthepast/lastfewyears（在過(guò)去幾年里）等連用。2.表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。常見(jiàn)標(biāo)志：for＋時(shí)間段Mybrotherhasbeenincollege_______.我哥哥上大學(xué)已經(jīng)三年多了。since＋時(shí)間段＋agoTheyhaveworkedheresincefiveyearsago.他們從五年前開(kāi)始在這里工作。since＋表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)Ihavelivedhere_______.我從去年開(kāi)始就住在這里。since＋表示過(guò)去的句子MyhometownhaschangedalotsinceIwaslasthere.3.表示某人經(jīng)歷某事的次數(shù)。常見(jiàn)標(biāo)志：once（一次），twice（兩次），threetimes（三次），_______（很多次），howmanytimes（多少次）--Howmanytimeshaveyouseenthefilm?你看過(guò)多少次這部電影？--Ihaveseenthefilmthreetimes.這部電影我已經(jīng)看了三遍。三、短暫性動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞英語(yǔ)中有一些動(dòng)詞的意義決定它們所表示的動(dòng)作不能延續(xù)，只是一瞬間或短時(shí)間就結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞叫做“______________”?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中可以和表示一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用的動(dòng)詞必須是表示延續(xù)的情況或動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞，即延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果是短暫性動(dòng)詞，需要先轉(zhuǎn)換成對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。短暫性動(dòng)詞start/beginstop/finishopencloseborrowbuymarry/getmarrieddie延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞beonbeoverbeopen_______keephavebemarriedbedead四、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)中應(yīng)注意的幾個(gè)問(wèn)題1.havebeento,havegoneto,havebeenin(at)的區(qū)別（1）havebeento強(qiáng)調(diào)“去而已回”，表示短暫性意義，不與_______連用，可與“次數(shù)”連用。HehasbeentoEuropethreetimes.他去過(guò)歐洲三次。（現(xiàn)在已回）（2）havegoneto強(qiáng)調(diào)“去而未回”，表示短暫性意義，不與時(shí)間段連用。HehasgonetotheUSAandhewillcomebackinaweek.他已經(jīng)去了美國(guó)，將于一周后回來(lái)。（還沒(méi)回來(lái)）（3）havebeenin(at)強(qiáng)調(diào)某人“已在某地停留一段時(shí)間，現(xiàn)仍在那里”，后面常跟_______。Mybrotherhasbeenincollegeforoverthreeyears.我哥哥上大學(xué)已經(jīng)三年多了。（現(xiàn)仍在上大學(xué)）2.與“現(xiàn)完”有關(guān)的同義句轉(zhuǎn)換表示“某人做某事多久了”，可以用以下句型：主語(yǔ)+have/hasdonesth.for+時(shí)間段=主語(yǔ)+have/hasdonesth.since+時(shí)間段+ago=Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since+從句=時(shí)間段+haspassed+since+從句如：HehasstudiedEnglishfortenyears.=HehasstudiedEnglishsincetenyearsago.=Itis/hasbeentenyearssincehestudiedEnglish.=TenyearshaspassedsincehestudiedEnglish.一、選擇題1．（2022春·河北邯鄲·八年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）—Whereisyourfather,May?—He________toAustraliaandwillbebackinaweek.A．willgo B．goes C．hasbeen D．hasgone2．（2023春·江蘇淮安·八年級(jí)?？茧A段練習(xí)）—Huai’anisverybeautiful.I________therelastyear.—Yes,I________theretwice.A．went;havegone B．went;havebeenC．havegone;went D．havebeen;went3．（2023春·江蘇揚(yáng)州·八年級(jí)?？茧A段練習(xí)）Jack_________Rosein2000.Thatistosay,they________fornearly23years.A．gotmarriedwith;havegotmarried B．gotmarriedto;havemarriedC．married;havebeenmarried D．marriedto;havebeenmarried4．（2023春·江蘇揚(yáng)州·八年級(jí)?？茧A段練習(xí)）—He________exerciseintheparkeverymorningwhenhewasyoung.—Yes,butnowthelifehewasusedto________alot.A．usedto;changing B．wasusedto;haschangedC．wasusedto;changing D．usedto;haschanged5．（2023春·江蘇揚(yáng)州·八年級(jí)?？茧A段練習(xí)）—It’ssaidthattwoyears________sincetheoldman_________.

—I’msorrytohearthat.A．haspassed,hasdead B．haspassed,died C．havepassed,died D．havepassed,hasdied6．（2023春·江蘇揚(yáng)州·八年級(jí)校考階段練習(xí)）It’sthethirdtimeyou________lateforschoolthisweek.A．were B．a(chǎn)re C．hadbeen D．havebeen7．（2023春·江蘇揚(yáng)州·八年級(jí)校考階段練習(xí)）Themeeting________2hoursago.It________for2hours.A．starts;hasbeenon B．started;hasbeen C．starts;hasbeen D．started;hasbeenon8．（2023春·江蘇揚(yáng)州·八年級(jí)?？茧A段練習(xí)）Who________awaymybike?Itwasherejustnow.A．hastaken B．took C．willtake D．takes9．（2022春·河北邯鄲·八年級(jí)?？计谥校狾urcomputerisworkingagain!—Yes.OurITteacher________it.Ittookhimaboutanhour.A．willfix B．isfixing C．fixes D．hasfixed10．（2023春·江蘇無(wú)錫·八年級(jí)?？茧A段練習(xí)）ThefilmAPlasticOceanissoamazingthatI________ittwice.A．watched B．havewatched C．watch D．willwatch11．（2023春·江蘇徐州·八年級(jí)校考階段練習(xí)）Myfatherisn’twithus.Hehas________toShanghai.He_______therelastweek.Hehas_______there3times.A．been;go;been B．gone;went;been C．been;gone;gone D．gone;went;gone12．（2023春·江蘇徐州·八年級(jí)?？茧A段練習(xí)）Myfamily_________inHuai’anfortenyears.A．lives B．lived C．haslived D．havelived13．（2023春·河北邯鄲·八年級(jí)校考階段練習(xí)）Ourcountry________alotsince1949.Ihopeitwillbecomebetter.A．changes B．haschanged C．ischanging D．willchange14．（2023春·江蘇揚(yáng)州·八年級(jí)?？茧A段練習(xí)）Thisisthe________timeintwodaysthathe________thesamefilm.A．second,saw B．two,saw C．second,sees D．second,hasseen15．（2023春·江蘇南通·八年級(jí)如皋市實(shí)驗(yàn)初中?？茧A段練習(xí)）—Howlonghasthisyear’sRussia-Ukrainemilitaryconflict(沖突)________?—Foroverayear.A．started B．ended C．beenon D．beenover16．（2023春·廣西欽州·八年級(jí)浦北中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）Theshop________forsixyears,butI________theresofar.A．hasbeenopen;haven’tbeen B．hasopened;haven’tgone C．hasbeenopen;haven’tgone17．（2023春·廣西欽州·八年級(jí)浦北中學(xué)?？茧A段練習(xí)）Myuncle________inthisbank________hecametoLondon.A．worked;for B．hasworked;since C．hasworked;for18．（2023春·江蘇徐州·八年級(jí)徐州三十五中校考階段練習(xí)）Howtimeflies!Tenyears________sinceI________thearmy.A．havepassed;joinedin B．passed;havejoined C．haspassed;joined D．passed;joined二、完形填空（2022春·廣東深圳·八年級(jí)深圳中學(xué)?？计谥校〢primaryschoolinCanadahasmadesomeofitsstudentsvery___19___bybanning（禁止）homework.Teacherswillstillbeabletoaskstudentsto___20___andreadathome,buttheycannotgivethemhomeworklikepagesofmathproblems.Theschoolwill___21___thewaystudentsspendtimeinclasstomakesuretheydon’tfallbehindintheirwork.Some___22___thinkit’sabadidea.Theysayhomeworkisawayforthemtoknowhowtheirchildrenaredoinginschool.Andtohelpthemiftheyarehavingproblems.Theschoolsaysitwillsendhomeanexercisebook___23___parentscanseewhattheirchildrenaredoing.SeveralschoolsinCanadaandUnitedStateskeep___24___ifhomeworkisagoodidea.In2009,astudy___25___thatstudentwithmorehomeworkmaygethighermarks.Butthiswasonlytrueforstudentsintheseventhgradeandhigher,notinprimaryschool.Manypeoplebelievethathomeworkisimportantbecauseit___26___childrentomanage（管理）theirtimebetter.Theysayitalsoreinforces（鞏固）whatthestudentsarelearninginschool.Butotherpeoplethinkhomeworkcausesstressforstudentsandmakesthemlessinterested___27___learning.Theysaychildren’slivesaretoo___28___,andtheyneedtobeabletospendmorefreetimewiththeirfamilies,orjustplaying.19．A．sad B．happy C．a(chǎn)ngry D．a(chǎn)fraid20．A．play B．sing C．study D．dance21．A．change B．stop C．study D．continue22．A．students B．parents C．teachers D．experts23．A．so B．but C．or D．if24．A．talking B．discussing C．saying D．speaking25．A．told B．guessed C．tested D．found26．A．tells B．drives C．teaches D．a(chǎn)dvises27．A．a(chǎn)t B．in C．on D．for28．A．free B．interesting C．relaxing D．busy語(yǔ)法填空（2022春·浙江衢州·八年級(jí)?？计谥校╅喿x下面的短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語(yǔ)法情況和上下文連貫的要求，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號(hào)中所給單詞的正確形式（每空不多于兩個(gè)單詞）。Childrenandadultsallovertheworldlovecartoons.Some,likeTomandJerry,arehumorous,andpeoplecan’thelp___29___(laugh)whentheywatchthefunnystoriesinthem.Others,likeSupermanandSpider-man,areaboutheroes.Theyfightbadpeople___30___(protect)thewor