2021高考英語(yǔ)四川西昌市一輪訓(xùn)練(7)(答案)

2021高考英語(yǔ)四川西昌市一輪訓(xùn)練（7）（答案）完形填空。閱讀下面短文，把握其大意，然后從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中，選出最佳答案。Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld’sgreatwriters.Before1thisquestion,itwillbeusefultointroducesome2concepts.Conflict,3asoppositionamongsocialunits-orindividuals-directedagainstoneanother,is4fromcompetition,which5oppositionamongsocialunits6seekingtoobtainsomethingwhichis7inadequatesupply.Competitorsmaynotknowaboutoneanother,whichthosewho8inaconflictdo.Conflictandcompetitionareboth9ofopposition.Themeaningofoppositionhasbeenstatedasaprocessbywhichsocialunitfunctioninthedisserviceofoneanother,oppositionis10contrastedtocooperation,a11bywhichsocialunitsfunctionintheserviceofoneanother.These12arenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetweenindividualsorgroupsisinevitableinaworldoflimited13,butconflictIsn’s.Conflict,nevertheless,isverylikelytooccurandisprobablyanessentialanddesirable14ofhumansocieties.Manyauthorshave15theirargumentsthatwarcannotbeavoidedontheideathatinthestruggleforexistenceamonggroupsofanimals,onlythosewhicharebest16remainalive.Ingeneral,however,thisstruggleinnatureiscompetition,notconflict.Thosewhofailinthiscompetition17starvetodeathorare18byothertypesofanimals.Thisstrugglefor19isnotsimilartohumanwar,butislikethecompetitionof20forjobs,markets,andmaterials.Themostimportantqualityofthisstruggleisthecompetitionforthenecessitiesoflifethatarenotenoughtosatisfyall.()1.A.consideringB.solvingC.answeringD.saying()2.A.relatedB.usedC.translatedD.sacred()3.A.specifiedB.remarkedC.definedD.claimed()4.A.variableB.distinguishedC.variousD.isolated()5.A.acknowledgedB.deniesC.assumesD.means()6.A.criticallyB.approximatelyC.independentlyD.costly()7.A.onB.forC.withD.in()8.A.enterB.participateC.fallD.involve()9.A.formationsB.classesC.termsD.reactions()10.A.neverthelessB.howeverC.thusD.maybe()11.A.processionB.standardC.processD.measurement()12.A.accountsB.definitionsC.descriptionsD.explanations()13.A.resourcesB.originsC.sourcesD.materials()14.A.matterB.elementC.eventD.coincidence()15.A.concentratedB.fixedC.centeredD.based()16.A.encouragedB.acceptedC.adaptedD.adopted()17.A.notonlyB.eitherC.neitherD.both()18.A.killedB.raisedC.firedD.surrounded()19.A.resistenceB.privilegeC.favourD.employment()20.A.workersB.officialsC.individualsD.residents1.A考慮這個(gè)問(wèn)題之前，有必要介紹一些與之相關(guān)的概念。2.A“相關(guān)的概念”，應(yīng)用related。3.Cdefine,“解釋”，“下定義”，后面經(jīng)常接as;specify,“指定”，“指明”。Theregulationsspecifythatyoumayuseadictionaryintheexamination。規(guī)章指明考虐時(shí)可用字典。remark,“說(shuō)”。claim,“要求承認(rèn)某人之身份，全部權(quán)”。Doesanyoneclaimthisumbrella?有沒(méi)有人認(rèn)領(lǐng)這把傘？沖突，指的是社會(huì)單位，團(tuán)體或個(gè)人之間的對(duì)抗。它與“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)”不同。競(jìng)爭(zhēng)指的是社會(huì)單位間為奪取一種不足夠的供應(yīng)而進(jìn)行的對(duì)抗。4.Bdistinguishfrom區(qū)分，不同；variable與vaious(多樣的)后面一般不接from;isolated“與……隔離開(kāi)來(lái)”。5.D對(duì)前面competition的解釋?zhuān)耙馕吨薄?.Ccritically批判地；approximately大致地；independently獨(dú)立地；不受把握地；costly形容詞，昂貴的。依據(jù)文中含義，“競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手各自尋求物質(zhì)，所以才會(huì)有沖突”。所以此外選C為宜。7.Dinshort(inadequate)supply“缺乏的”為固定搭配，一般不用其它介詞。8.Benterin登記姓名，細(xì)節(jié)等。例：enterinaniteminanaccountbook將一筆賬記入賬本；fallin陷入，例fallinlovewithsb.involvein“卷入”，一般為卷入某個(gè)大事；participatein參與。競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者們可能彼此不了解，而沖突者們則生疏對(duì)方。9.Bformation,構(gòu)成;terms,術(shù)語(yǔ);reactions,反映;classes在此處指“種類(lèi)，類(lèi)別”。沖突和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)都屬于對(duì)抗。10.C選這類(lèi)連接副詞時(shí)，關(guān)鍵是弄清句與句之間意義關(guān)系。上句講到對(duì)抗就是彼此不服務(wù)。這句講到合作就是彼此服務(wù)。他們之間連接詞自然就是“因此”了，因此他們相反。對(duì)抗與合作相反。合作指的是社會(huì)單位相互服務(wù)。11.Cprocession隊(duì)伍，行列；standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；process過(guò)程；measurement衡量。上句中談到對(duì)抗是彼此不服務(wù)時(shí)，用的是“aprocessbywhichsocial...”,此處與上句這部分結(jié)構(gòu)完全相同，就可套用process一詞。12.Baccounts敘述；definitions，定義，概念；descriptions,描述；explanations，解釋。文章其次句話是第一自然段主題句：介紹幾個(gè)概念，然后作者分別介紹。本題中用thesedefinitions“這些概念”則與上文渾然一體。對(duì)這些定義的理解格外必要，由于有必要強(qiáng)調(diào)，個(gè)人或團(tuán)體之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)在這個(gè)資源有限的世界是難免的，而沖突則是可免的。13.Aresource資源，指國(guó)家、人類(lèi)或個(gè)人所擁有的人力及物力，例：Wemustexploitthenaturalresourcesofourcountry.我們必需開(kāi)發(fā)本國(guó)的自然?資源。source指河的源頭：thesourceofNile尼羅河的發(fā)源地。source還指出處，來(lái)源，例：Thenewscomesfromareliablesource.這項(xiàng)消息出自牢靠的來(lái)源。origin起源，theoriginofaquarrel爭(zhēng)吵的起因。此空前為aworldoflimited一個(gè)有限資源的世界，因此選A。14.B沖突很可能發(fā)生，它可能是人類(lèi)社會(huì)必不行少、值得得到的要素。15.Dbase...on...把……建立在……上。16.C只有那些適應(yīng)（力氣）強(qiáng)的才活下來(lái)。17.B看到or就會(huì)想到either;notonly...butalso;neither...not...,both...and都是固定搭配。在競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中失敗的動(dòng)物，要不就是餓死，要不就被別的動(dòng)物殺死。18.A由前句starvetodeath和or可知，此處應(yīng)同death意義相近。19.A為生存的抗?fàn)幉煌谌祟?lèi)戰(zhàn)斗。20.C由后面的jobs,marketsandmaterials可知，此處應(yīng)填“個(gè)人”。workers,officials和residents（居民）都以偏概全。閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A.B.C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。WhenthesunisupinAmsterdam,thelargestcityintheNetherlandssitsquietlyontheAmstelButwhenthesungoesdown,thepartyingbegins.Inthebigclubsandincoffeeshops,touristsgathertohangout,talkpoliticsandsmoke.SeveralareasofthecityclearlyshowthetwoworldsthatruleAmsterdam.Andtheyareallwithinashortcabrideofeachother.Forexample,DamSquareattractsdaytimesightseerstoitsfestivals,openmarkets,concertsandotherevents.Severalbeautifulandverypopularhotelscanbefoundthere.AndthereistheRoyalPalaceandtheMagnaButaseveningdescendsonDamSquaresodotheparty-seeker,hippoporfunkmusicbeginsblaringfromClubParadisoandClubMelkweg.ThesearetwoofthemostpopularclubsinEurope.Soifyoucome,bereadytodance.Theclubsdon’tshutdownuntil4am.Andwhileyouarethere,checkoutthevariousinexpensivewaystotourthecity.Don’tworryaboutgettinglost.AlthoughDutchistheofficiallanguage,mostpeopleinAmsterdamspeakEnglishandarehappytohelpyouwithdirections.Andyouwillnoticethathalfthepeopleinstreetsareonbicycles.TheyrentforUS$17to$20forawholeday.Amsterdamalsohasagoodcanalsystem.FromanywherebetweenUS$2and$9.50,youcanusethecanalbusorawatertaxitocruisethe“VeniceoftheNorth”.Youcantakeinthepicturesquecanalhousearchitecture:Therowsofneat,narrowsour-storydwellingsofbrownstonewithlargewindowsarewellworthseeing.Manyofthemareseveralcenturiesold.YoumightalsowanttojumpoutofthecanalbusattheMuseumQuarterandstartwalking.MasterpiecesbyDutchartistssuchasRembrandt,Bruegel,VanGoghandothersareondisplayattheVanGoghThecityhasanappreciationofitshistoricpost.OneplacetovisitistheAnneFrankHouseinNineStreets.ItwastherethattheyoungJewishgirlwroteherfamousdiaryduringWorldWarII.Visitorscanview

Anne’s

originaldiaryandclimbbehindthebookcasetotheroomwheresheandherfamilyhidfromtheNazisfortwoyears.6.Atthebeginningofthepassage,theauthorindicatesthat______.A.PartiesgoonalldaylonginAmsterdamB.AmsterdamattractsmanydaytimevisitorsC.AmsterdamisgenerallyknownasaquietcityD.Amsterdampresentstwodifferentpictures7.WhichtouristattractionismentionedindetailinParagraphsFourandfive?A.Royalpalace.B.DamSquare.C.ClubParadiso.D.Magns8.Whattheauthor`spurposeinwritingthepassage?A.ToattractpeopletovisitAmsterdamB.TosharehisexperienceswithreadersC.TolisttheplacesofinterestinAmsterdamD.TointroducetheresidentslifeinAmsterdam9.Accordingtothepassage,thelocalpeoplehaveallthefollowingcharacteristicsEXCEPT_______.A.theyshowhospitalityB.theycanspeakEnglishC.theyarepartygoersD.theyarefondofcycling10.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeAmsterdamasatouristcity?A.DelightfulB. QuietC.HistoricD.Modern【參考答案】6—10、DBACA閱讀理解。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的A,B,C或D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Drivingacarisnotjusthandlingcontrolsandjudgingspeedanddistance.Itrequiresyoutopredictwhatotherroaduserswilldoandgetreadytoreacttosomethingunexpected.Whenalcoholisconsumed，itentersyourbloodstreamandactsasadepresant(抑制藥)，damagingeyesight，judgementandco-ordination(協(xié)調(diào))，slowingdownreactiontimeandgreatlyincreasingtheriskofaccidents.Evenbelowthedrinkdrivinglimit，drivingwillbeaffected.Alcoholmaytakeafewminutestobeabsorbedintothebloodstreamandstartactiononthebrain.Absorptionrateisincreasedwhendrinkingonanemptystomachorwhenconsumingdrinksmixedwithfruitjuice.Togetridofalcoholfromthebodyisaveryslowprocessanditisnotpossibletospeeditupwithanymeasuresliketakingashowerorhavingacupofteaorcoffee.ThepresentRoadTrafficOrdinancestatesclearlythatthelimitofalcoholconcentrationis：●50milligramsofalcoholper100mlofblood；or●22microgramsofalcoholper100mlofbreath；or●67milligramsofalcoholper100mlofuriue(尿液)．Driverswhocausetrafficaccidents，orwhocommitamovingtrafficoffenceorarebeingsuspectedofdrinkdrivingwillbetested.Anydriverfounddrinkingbeyondthelimitwillbecharged.ThedriverdeclaredguiltymaybefinedamaximumofHK$25,000andbesentencedtoupto3yearsinprisonandpunishedfor10driving-offencepoints；ortemporarilybannedfromdriving.Thesamepunishmentappliestofailingtoprovidespeeimens(樣本)forbreath，bloodorurinetestswithoutgoodexcuse.Drinkdrivingisacriminaloffence.Bearesponsibledriver，thinkbeforeyoudrink.Forthesafetyofyourselfandotherroadusers，neverdriveafterconsumingalcohol.本文主要敘述酒后駕車(chē)的危害，對(duì)酒駕的懲處等，呼吁人們?yōu)榱俗陨砗退说慕】?，確定不要酒后駕車(chē)。1．Thefirstparagraphismainlyabout______.A．theintroductionsofdrivingskills B．thedamageofdrinkingtoyourbodyC．theeffectofdrinkingondriving D．theprocessofalcoholbeingabsorbed答案：C。主旨大意題。由第一段的“itentersyourbloodstreamandactsasadepressant，damagingeyesight，judgementandco-ordination，slowingdownreactiontime